本文關(guān)鍵詞：軍事電訊作業(yè)人群健康行為的流行病學(xué)調(diào)查研究　出處：《第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué)》2008年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 電訊作業(yè) 軍隊人群 健康行為 流行病學(xué)調(diào)查

【摘要】： 隨著現(xiàn)代高科技戰(zhàn)爭向“智能化,信息化”方向的進一步發(fā)展,電訊作業(yè)部隊在軍事活動中的作用日趨顯著,工作任務(wù)更為繁重,從事這一軍種作業(yè)的人群數(shù)將會不斷增加。軍事電訊作業(yè)人群本身具有技術(shù)要求高、工作節(jié)奏快、精神高度集中、作業(yè)時間長、活動空間狹小、工作內(nèi)容單調(diào)、電磁波環(huán)境暴露等特點。這些因素將給從業(yè)人員生理、心理和行為健康帶來威脅。而更為嚴峻的是現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭的高效應(yīng)性體現(xiàn)在信息戰(zhàn)和心理戰(zhàn)的應(yīng)用,軍事斗爭更加嚴酷和復(fù)雜。因此對軍事電訊作業(yè)人員身體素質(zhì)、心理健康和行為健康的高要求與平戰(zhàn)時期部隊?wèi)?zhàn)斗力緊密相關(guān),是現(xiàn)代軍事醫(yī)學(xué)中軍隊健康促進的新任務(wù)。 本課題以我軍北方某軍事電訊作業(yè)部隊1216名基層官兵為研究對象,采用Zung抑郁自評量表(Self-rating Depression Scal,SDS)、社會支持評定量表(Social support rate scale,SSRS)和自行設(shè)計的軍人健康行為調(diào)查問卷等,對該人群常見健康行為進行流行病學(xué)調(diào)查。調(diào)查結(jié)果如下。 1.被調(diào)查人群一般特征 本次調(diào)查有效問卷1125份(占92.52%)。其中男性984人,女性141人;未婚848人,已婚277人;年齡18～56歲,其中18～25歲779人,26～35歲285人,36～56歲61人;軍齡2～39年,其中2～5年616人,6～10年319人,11～20年166人,21～39年24人;干部505人,戰(zhàn)士620人;文化程度初中以下162人,高中400人,大專94人,本科399人,研究生以上70人。 2.抑郁癥狀檢出情況 調(diào)查人群中SDS標準分均分為41.58±10.80與中國常模(41.88±10.80)比較相差不顯著,無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義[(t=0.918, p=0.3590.05)]。無抑郁癥狀(SDS標準分50分)856人(76.1%),有抑郁癥狀(SDS標準分≥50分)269人(23.9%),其中輕度抑郁183人(16.3%),中度抑郁79人(7.0%),重度抑郁7人(0.6%)。 相關(guān)分析顯示,抑郁情緒的發(fā)生與較低年齡組、文化程度較低、未婚狀態(tài)、月消費較低、睡眠不足、對環(huán)境的適應(yīng)能力較差、身邊無朋友支持等有關(guān)。 3.健康行為現(xiàn)狀 調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn),軍事電訊人群中前6位主要不良健康行為及其順位是:不能有效趨避危險的行為(91.7%-48.2%);經(jīng)常飲酒(74.3%);不良衛(wèi)生行為(60.6%-52.1%);缺乏體育運動(44.5%);吸煙(36.2%);不良保健行為(40.4%-34.1%)。提示:該人群健康行為存在嚴重問題,應(yīng)當(dāng)引起高度重視,盡快開展健康行為干預(yù)活動。 4.主要健康行為的危險因素 對本次調(diào)查發(fā)現(xiàn)了多種不良健康行為的影響因素。其中不能有效趨避危險的行為的危險因素是:無自我保護意識和知識,電訊作業(yè)人群,男性;飲酒的危險因素是:男性,吸煙,無自我保護意識和知識,較高月收入者;缺乏運動的危險因素是:男性,自我保健意識弱;吸煙的危險因素是:戰(zhàn)士,飲酒行為,超重者;超體重的危險因素是:已婚、較高年齡組、吸煙、月收入較高和男性。提示:應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)該人群的特點和影響因素設(shè)定干預(yù)措施,以有效促進健康行為的建立。重點工作放在男性、電訊作業(yè)、戰(zhàn)士、已婚、較高年齡組和月收入較高的人群。
[Abstract]:With the development of modern high-tech war to "intelligence, further development of information" direction, role of telecommunication operation forces in the military activities in the increasingly prominent, the task is more arduous, engaged in this service operations will continue to increase the number of population. The population of military telecommunication operation has high technical requirements, the fast pace of work, the spirit of high concentration the operation time, long, narrow space, monotonous work, characteristics of electromagnetic wave exposure. These factors will give employees the physiological, psychological and behavioral health threat. The more serious is, should be reflected in the application of information warfare and psychological warfare of the modern war, the military struggle is more severe and complex so the military telecommunications operators. Physical quality, high requirements of health and behavior of mental health is closely related with the battle force is the military forces during peacetime, modern military medical health A new task to promote.
In this paper I in a northern military telecommunication operation forces 1216 soldiers as the research object, using the Zung self rating Depression Scale (Self-rating Depression Scal, SDS), social support rating scale (Social support rate scale, SSRS) and a self-designed questionnaire for military health, epidemiological survey was conducted on the common health behavior of the population. The findings are as follows.
1. general characteristics of the population investigated
In this survey, 1125 valid questionnaires (92.52%). 984 males, 141 females; 848 unmarried, married 277; age 18 to 56 years old, of which 18 ~ 25 years old 779 people, 26 to 35 years old 285 people, 36 to 56 years old in 61; 2 to 39 years of military service, including 2 ~ 5 years, 616 people, 6 to 10 years of 319, 11 to 20 years of 166, 21 to 39 years 24 people; 505 cadres, 620 soldiers; education level below junior high school 162, high school 400 people, college 94, 399 undergraduate, graduate students more than 70 people.
2. detection of depressive symptoms
The SDS standard in the survey points are divided into 41.58 + 10.80 and China norm (41.88 + 10.80) compared with no significant difference, no statistical significance [(t=0.918, p=0.3590.05). The depressive symptoms (SDS score 50) and 856 (76.1%), depressive symptoms (SDS score more than 50 points) 269 (23.9%), including 183 mild depression (16.3%), 79 (7%) moderate depression, severe depression 7 people (0.6%).
Correlation analysis showed that the occurrence of depression was related to lower age group, lower education level, unmarried status, low monthly consumption, insufficient sleep, poor adaptability to environment, and no support from friends.
3. status of health behavior
The survey found that people in the top 6 military telecommunications major adverse health behavior and its sequence was not effective (91.7%-48.2%) risk aversion behavior; regular drinking (74.3%); health behavior; lack of physical exercise (60.6%-52.1%) (44.5%) (36.2%); smoking; adverse health behaviors (40.4%-34.1%) suggested that there. Serious problems of health behavior in this population, should attach great importance to health behavior intervention activities as soon as possible.
4. risk factors for main health behavior
The survey found that the influencing factors of unhealthy behavior. Many dangers which cannot effectively averse risk behavior factors are: awareness and knowledge of self protection, telecommunication operation; male population, risk factors of drinking is male, smoking, poor awareness and knowledge of self protection, higher income; lack of risk factors the movement is: Male, self health care consciousness is weak; the risk factors of smoking: Warrior, drinking behavior, risk factors of overweight; overweight: married, high age group, smoking, higher income and men. That should be based on the characteristics and influencing factors of the population set measures to effectively promote establish healthy behavior. The focus of the telecommunication operation, soldiers, male, married, older age and higher income groups.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2008
【分類號】：R82

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