【摘要】：目的：研究負(fù)荷后不同積極性恢復(fù)手段對(duì)游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員機(jī)能的影響,探討最佳的積極性恢復(fù)手段,為游泳訓(xùn)練提供理論依據(jù)和實(shí)踐指導(dǎo)。 方法：以國(guó)家健將級(jí)和一級(jí)游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)員為研究對(duì)象,主要進(jìn)行了兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)：在耐乳酸訓(xùn)練后,隨機(jī)進(jìn)行消極性恢復(fù)與三種不同距離的積極性恢復(fù)(800m、1000m、1200m);在耐乳酸訓(xùn)練后,隨機(jī)進(jìn)行15min消極性恢復(fù)與三種不同強(qiáng)度的積極性恢復(fù)(100m自由泳最好成績(jī)的40%、50%、60%強(qiáng)度)。在兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)中所有研究對(duì)象都進(jìn)行了4個(gè)恢復(fù)游,測(cè)試指標(biāo)有安靜時(shí)、負(fù)荷后即刻及恢復(fù)后心率、血乳酸、主觀體力感覺(jué)等級(jí)、肌酸激酶、血尿素等。 結(jié)果： 1與消極性恢復(fù)相比,三種不同距離積極性恢復(fù)更能促進(jìn)血乳酸的消除,積極性恢復(fù)后心率高于消極性恢復(fù)后心率,但心率恢復(fù)與血乳酸恢復(fù)沒(méi)有相關(guān)性�；謴�(fù)游1000m、1200m對(duì)血乳酸的消除優(yōu)于800m。 2耐乳酸訓(xùn)練負(fù)荷后肌酸激酶、血尿素沒(méi)有變化。與消極性恢復(fù)比,耐乳酸訓(xùn)練后,100m自由泳最好成績(jī)的40%、50%、60%強(qiáng)度的積極性恢復(fù)更能促進(jìn)血乳酸的消除,三種強(qiáng)度的積極性恢復(fù)游的恢復(fù)心率高于消極性恢復(fù),但心率恢復(fù)與血乳酸恢復(fù)沒(méi)有相關(guān)性。對(duì)于血乳酸、心率的恢復(fù)100m自由泳最好成績(jī)的40%、50%、60%強(qiáng)度沒(méi)有差異性,都能在15min內(nèi)使血乳酸恢復(fù)65%左右。 3比賽負(fù)荷后肌酸激酶值顯著高于安靜水平。比賽負(fù)荷5min后進(jìn)行10min積極性恢復(fù)(100m自由泳最好成績(jī)的40%、50%、60%強(qiáng)度),對(duì)血乳酸、心率、肌酸激酶的恢復(fù)也沒(méi)有差異性。 結(jié)論： 1耐乳酸訓(xùn)練負(fù)荷后自選速度恢復(fù)游,選擇1000m以上才能較好消除血乳酸。 2采用100m自由泳最好成績(jī)的40%、50%、60%的強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行15min積極性恢復(fù)游,對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在耐乳酸負(fù)荷后的恢復(fù)效果沒(méi)有差異。 3采用100m自由泳最好成績(jī)的40%、50%、60%的強(qiáng)度進(jìn)行10min積極性恢復(fù)游,對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)員在比賽負(fù)荷后的恢復(fù)效果沒(méi)有差異. 4強(qiáng)度負(fù)荷后心率和血乳酸的恢復(fù)并不平行。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study the effect of different positive recovery methods on the function of swimmers after load, to explore the best positive recovery means, and to provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for swimming training. Methods: two experiments were carried out on the national athletes of elite and first-grade swimming. After lactic acid training, negative recovery and positive recovery of three different distances were carried out at random (800m, 1000mmin, 1200m), and after lactic acid tolerance training, two experiments were carried out. 15min negative recovery and three different intensities of positive recovery (40% of the best score of 100m freestyle) were performed at random. Four recovery swims were performed on all subjects in the two experiments. The indexes were heart rate, blood lactic acid, subjective physical sensory grade, creatine kinase, blood urea and so on at rest, immediately after load and after recovery. Results: 1 compared with the recovery of negative polarity, the positive recovery of three different distances could promote the elimination of blood lactic acid, and the heart rate after positive recovery was higher than that after the recovery of negative polarity, but there was no correlation between the recovery of heart rate and the recovery of blood lactic acid. The elimination of blood lactic acid at 1 200 m was better than that of 800 m. 2 creatine kinase after lactic acid tolerance training, but blood urea did not change. Compared with negative recovery, the best score of 100m freestyle after lactic acid training was 40% and 60% activity recovery could promote the elimination of blood lactic acid. The recovery heart rate of the three intensity positive recovery swimming was higher than that of negative recovery. But there was no correlation between the recovery of heart rate and the recovery of blood lactic acid. For blood lactic acid, the recovery of heart rate in the best score of 100m freestyle has no difference in intensity of 40% or 50%, and can restore blood lactic acid to about 65% in 15min. 3 the level of creatine kinase after race load is significantly higher than that of quiet level. The activity of 10min was recovered after 5min (40% of the best score in 100m freestyle), and the recovery of lactic acid, heart rate and creatine kinase was not different. Conclusion: (1) after training load of lactic acid tolerance, the best way to eliminate blood lactic acid is to recover the blood lactic acid by choosing the best speed and the best score of 100m freestyle. (2) the best score of 100m freestyle is 40% or 60% of the intensity of 15min positive recovery swimming. There was no difference in the recovery effect of athletes after lactic acid loading. 3 the best score of 100m freestyle was 40% and the intensity of 50% 60% for 10min positive recovery swimming. The recovery of heart rate and blood lactic acid was not parallel after intensity load.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R87

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