本文選題：中年人 + 心血管風險　； 參考：《北京體育大學》2014年博士論文

【摘要】：目的：橫斷面調(diào)查50-59歲人群運動中心血管風險,探討相關預警指標。觀察規(guī)律跑步運動對風險的改善和不同運動負荷對心肺耐力的改善效果,為該人群安全科學健身提供指導。 研究一方法：問卷篩選出247名受試者,測試遞增負荷實驗和安靜狀態(tài)形態(tài)學、生理生化、超聲和運動后恢復指標,分析心電血壓正常和異常人群相關指標的變化,并分析異常心電血壓指標與安靜指標關系。結(jié)果：31名和38名受試者分別出現(xiàn)持續(xù)和一過性異常。可用于預警運動中持續(xù)心血管風險的指標包括PA、臀圍、BMI、SBP、ABI、CIMT、TC、HDL-C、CK、AST、Mb、HRV、運動后HRR,可用于預警運動中一過性心血管風險的指標包括HDL-C、HRV和運動后HRRl。研究二方法：研究一中66名受試者分為正常組(C組)、異常組(Y組)和異常后恢復組(YH組),進行三個月50%-60%V02max強度每周300min的跑步運動,測試干預前后相關指標變化。結(jié)果：干預后Y組和YH組受試者異常發(fā)生率均有下降,Y組和YH組的心肌酶均顯著性下降；干預后兩組的完成運動負荷顯著提高,心血管機能、形態(tài)學指標、血脂和自主神經(jīng)功能明顯改善。 研究三方法：95名男性分為對照組(C組),太極拳組(T組),小量跑步組(LR組),大量跑步組(HR組)。T組進行每周400min陳氏太極鍛煉；LR組和HR組分別進行50%-60%V02max強度每周150min和300min跑步鍛煉。三個月干預前后分別測試受試者的V02max.心肺功能和超聲相關指標。結(jié)果：T組、LR和HR組的V02max分別提高了8.2%、17.1%和22.2%。太極拳和跑步運動都可降低安靜心率、改善脂代謝,提高肺通氣。三種運動都可顯著提高SV、EDV,但是T組和HR組的Tei指數(shù)降低比LR更明顯。 結(jié)論：1.遞增運動中有一過性心電血壓異常,應結(jié)合運動后心肌酶進一步觀察運動中心血管風險。50-59歲人群可在常規(guī)體檢基礎上測試PA、HRV、CIMT口運動后HRR預警運動中心血管風險。2.三個月中等強度跑步可降低運動中心血管風險,提高安全運動上限。3.太極拳和跑步運動都可提高50-59歲男性的CRF,跑步運動提高更顯著。4.太極拳和跑步運動改善健康效果無明顯差異,太極拳和大量跑步運動比小量跑步運動改善心功能效果更好。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the cardiovascular risk during exercise in 50-59 age group and to explore the early warning index. To observe the effects of regular running on risk and cardiopulmonary endurance under different exercise loads, and to provide guidance for safety and scientific fitness of this group. Methods: a total of 247 subjects were selected from the questionnaire. The indexes of morphology, physiology and biochemistry, ultrasound and recovery after exercise were tested in incremental load test and quiet state, and the changes of ECG blood pressure in normal and abnormal population were analyzed. The relationship between abnormal ECG blood pressure index and quiet index was analyzed. Results persistent and transient abnormalities were observed in 31 and 38 subjects, respectively. The indexes that can be used to predict the sustained cardiovascular risk in early warning exercise include PAA, BMISP-ABII-CIMT, TCU HDL-CK, AST, Mb-HRV.After exercise, HRRs can be used to predict the transient cardiovascular risk in early warning exercise, including HDL-Con HRV and post-exercise HRRl. Methods: 66 subjects in the first middle school were divided into normal group (C group) and abnormal group (Y group) and abnormal recovery group (YH group). After three months of 50 ~ 60V _ (02max) weekly 300min, the changes of related indexes were measured. Results: after intervention, the incidence of abnormal myocardial enzymes in Y group and YH group were significantly decreased, and the complete exercise load, cardiovascular function and morphological indexes were significantly increased after intervention. Blood lipids and autonomic nervous function were significantly improved. Three methods: 95 men were divided into three groups: control group (C), Taijiquan (group T), small running group (group LR), large amount of running group (group HR), 400min Chen's Taiji exercise group (group LR) and HR group (group HR), which were treated with weekly 150min and 300min running exercises with 50 ~ 60 V _ (02max) intensity, respectively. V02maxwas tested before and after three months of intervention. Cardiopulmonary function and ultrasound related indexes. Results the V02max of W T group and HR group increased by 8.2% and 22.2max, respectively. Taijiquan and running can reduce quiet heart rate, improve lipid metabolism, improve lung ventilation. All three kinds of exercise significantly increased SVV EDV, but Tei index decreased more significantly in T group and HR group than LR group. Conclusion 1. There is a transient abnormal ECG and blood pressure in incremental exercise. It is necessary to further observe cardiovascular risk during exercise. 50-59 years old people can test the cardiovascular risk of PAHV and CIMT during early warning exercise on the basis of routine physical examination. Three months of moderate-intensity running can reduce cardiovascular risk during exercise and increase the upper limit of safe exercise by 3. 3. Both Taijiquan and running increased CRF in men aged 50 to 59, while running increased by 4. 4. There was no significant difference between Taijiquan and running in improving health. Taijiquan and a lot of running had better effects on heart function than small running.
【學位授予單位】：北京體育大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：R87

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