本文選題：脛骨遠(yuǎn)端關(guān)節(jié)面缺損 + 有限元分析　； 參考：《河北醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：背景：隨著數(shù)字醫(yī)學(xué)的興起，計(jì)算機(jī)技術(shù)的發(fā)展，采用有限元分析法進(jìn)行骨與關(guān)節(jié)的生物力學(xué)研究得到了廣泛應(yīng)用，但是關(guān)于脛骨遠(yuǎn)端關(guān)節(jié)面缺損有限元分析,國內(nèi)外尚無關(guān)于此類的報(bào)道。 目的：建立踝關(guān)節(jié)的三維有限元模型，制作脛骨遠(yuǎn)端關(guān)節(jié)面不同面積的缺損，并模擬在不同位相下脛骨遠(yuǎn)端關(guān)節(jié)面發(fā)生形變、位移情況，，預(yù)測脛骨遠(yuǎn)端關(guān)節(jié)面缺損的最大允許程度和探討踝關(guān)節(jié)創(chuàng)傷性關(guān)節(jié)炎的力學(xué)發(fā)病機(jī)制,為臨床應(yīng)用提供理論依據(jù)。 方法：通過對1名正常成年男性踝關(guān)節(jié)的多排螺旋CT掃描，獲得連續(xù)斷層圖片,導(dǎo)入Mimics醫(yī)學(xué)建模軟件生成實(shí)體模型后，應(yīng)用大型通用有限元分析軟件ANSYS13.0進(jìn)行網(wǎng)格劃分、材料屬性賦值生成有限元模型。約束邊界條件，模擬踝關(guān)節(jié)遠(yuǎn)端軸向受力,得出在不同位相下脛骨遠(yuǎn)端關(guān)節(jié)面有限元模型上的應(yīng)力分布與位移結(jié)果。 結(jié)果與結(jié)論：建立人體踝關(guān)節(jié)有限元模型總單元數(shù)為157990，總節(jié)點(diǎn)數(shù)為193801。三個(gè)位相，都是隨著脛骨遠(yuǎn)端缺損面積的增大，接觸面積逐漸減小，尤其是跖屈10°位在缺損直徑13mm的面積時(shí)，變化最為明顯；三個(gè)位相的接觸面積，在中立位接觸面積最大；在中立位和背屈10°位都是隨著脛骨遠(yuǎn)端關(guān)節(jié)面缺損面積的增大，應(yīng)力峰值逐漸增大，都是在11-13mm以后應(yīng)力峰值明顯增大；并且應(yīng)力峰值主要集中在后內(nèi)和后外象限；在跖屈10°位，變化比較復(fù)雜，在11-13mm,隨著缺損面積的增大應(yīng)力峰值變化明顯增大，到13mm應(yīng)力峰值達(dá)到最大值。所以，脛骨遠(yuǎn)端關(guān)節(jié)面的最大缺損直徑可認(rèn)為是11-13mm。脛骨遠(yuǎn)端關(guān)節(jié)軟骨及骨床缺損直徑超過11-13mm的圓面積,關(guān)節(jié)功能將受到影響,患者出現(xiàn)行走疼痛和關(guān)節(jié)功能障礙等癥狀,是最終發(fā)展為踝關(guān)節(jié)創(chuàng)傷性關(guān)節(jié)炎的主要原因之一。
[Abstract]:Background: with the rise of digital medicine and the development of computer technology, the biomechanical analysis of bone and joint by finite element analysis has been widely used, but the finite element analysis of the articular surface defect of distal tibia. There are no reports of this kind at home and abroad. Objective: to establish a three-dimensional finite element model of the ankle joint, to make the defect of the distal tibial articular surface in different areas, and to simulate the deformation and displacement of the distal tibial articular surface under different phases. To predict the maximum allowable degree of distal tibial joint surface defect and to explore the mechanics pathogenesis of traumatic arthritis of ankle joint, to provide theoretical basis for clinical application. Methods: the multislice spiral CT scan of ankle joint of a normal adult male was performed, and continuous tomography images were obtained. The solid model was generated by Mimics medical modeling software, and then meshed with a large general finite element analysis software (ANSYS13.0). The material attribute assignment generates the finite element model. The stress distribution and displacement of the distal articular surface of the tibia under different phases are obtained by simulating the axial force on the distal end of the ankle under the constraint boundary conditions. Results and conclusion: the total unit number and total node number of the finite element model of human ankle are 157990 and 193801 respectively. The contact area of the three phases decreased gradually with the increase of the defect area of the distal tibia, especially when the metatarsal flexion of 10 擄was the area of the defect diameter 13mm, the contact area of the three phases was the largest in the neutral position. In neutral position and 10 擄dorsal flexion position, the stress peak increased gradually with the increase of the area of the distal articular surface defect of the tibia, and the stress peak increased obviously after 11-13mm, and the stress peak was mainly concentrated in the posterior and outer quadrant, and in the 10 擄metatarsal flexion position. The variation is complex, and the peak value of 13mm stress increases obviously with the increase of defect area at 11-13 mm, and the peak value of 13mm stress reaches the maximum value. Therefore, the maximum defect diameter of the distal articular surface of the tibia can be considered to be 11-13 mm. If the diameter of articular cartilage and bone bed defect of distal tibia exceeds the circle area of 11-13mm, the joint function will be affected. The symptoms such as walking pain and joint dysfunction are one of the main reasons for the final development of traumatic arthritis of ankle joint.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R816.8

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