本文選題：小腿肌肉 + 離心力量訓(xùn)練��； 參考：《北京體育大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：離心力量訓(xùn)練對于預(yù)防運動損傷、提高肌肉最大力量和快速力量、改善運動成績等方面都有積極的作用。但是目前對于離心訓(xùn)練的研究,尤其足對于小腿肌肉的離心訓(xùn)練的研究還十分有限,對肌肉進行離心收縮時的工作情況了解還比較模糊。本研究擬通過對踝跖屈肌群和踝背屈肌群進行不同收縮速度的離心力量訓(xùn)練,采集脛前肌和腓腸肌內(nèi)、外側(cè)頭在離心收縮時的表而肌電,尋找快、慢速離心力量訓(xùn)練過程中肌肉工作特征的異同點,探討不同速度離心力量訓(xùn)練效果產(chǎn)生差異的原因。 招募受試者27人,隨機分成三組,快速組、慢速紕和空白對照組,進行小腿肌肉的離心力量訓(xùn)練�？焖俳M和慢速組均先盡快完成向心收縮,到達關(guān)節(jié)活動范圍末端后立刻開始快速(1秒)或慢速(3秒)離心收縮。每組7次,每次5組,組間休息3分鐘,每周3次,持續(xù)6周。在訓(xùn)練前、訓(xùn)練2周后和訓(xùn)練后使用Mega6000T16表面肌電測試儀,采集受試者脛前肌和腓腸肌內(nèi)、外側(cè)頭在進行離心力量訓(xùn)練過程中的表面肌電。進行肌電處理分析,比較不同速度離心力量訓(xùn)練過程中肌肉工作特征的異同點。 研究結(jié)果：1、快速訓(xùn)練6周后,腓腸肌離心訓(xùn)練時脛前肌、腓腸肌內(nèi)、外側(cè)頭動員率、RMS、MPF均無顯著性變化,脛前肌離心訓(xùn)練時脛前肌動員率、RMS、MPF也無顯著性改變。2、慢速訓(xùn)練6周后,腓腸肌離心訓(xùn)練時腓腸肌內(nèi)、外側(cè)頭動員率、RMS顯著下降,MPF無顯著性改變；脛前肌離心訓(xùn)練時脛前肌動員率RMS無顯著性改變,MPF顯著上升。3、訓(xùn)練6周后,腓腸肌離心訓(xùn)練時腓腸肌內(nèi)、外側(cè)頭動員率、RMS均顯示出慢速組顯著低于快速組,兩組向MPF無差異；脛前肌離心訓(xùn)練時脛前肌動員率、RMS慢速組顯著低于快速組,MPF兩組間顯著性消失。 研究結(jié)論：1.快速離心力量訓(xùn)練前后,脛前肌參與離心收縮的肌纖維數(shù)量逐漸下降,動員的運動單位類型無明顯變化；排腸肌參與離心收縮的肌纖維數(shù)量呈先下降后上升的趨勢,動員的運動單位類型無明顯變化。2.’慢速離心力量訓(xùn)練前后,脛前肌參’與離心收縮的肌纖維數(shù)量逐漸下降；腓腸肌參與離心收縮的肌纖維顯著下降,動員的運動單位類型則無明顯變化。3._快速離心力量訓(xùn)練過程中參與離心收縮的肌纖維數(shù)量顯著高于離心力量訓(xùn)練,做力量小于慢速離心力量訓(xùn)練。因此在訓(xùn)練實踐中可能是更好的選擇。
[Abstract]:Centrifugal strength training plays a positive role in preventing sports injury, improving muscle maximum strength and fast strength, and improving sports performance.However, the research on centrifugal training, especially for leg muscles, is still very limited.The purpose of this study was to collect the surface myoelectric activity of the anterior tibial muscle and the gastrocnemius muscle during the eccentric contraction of the anterior tibial muscle and the gastrocnemius muscle group through the eccentric strength training of the flexor flexor muscle group and the flexor dorsalis malleolus group.The differences and similarities of muscle working characteristics in the process of slow centrifugal strength training were discussed, and the reasons for the differences in the effects of different speed centrifugal strength training were discussed.Twenty-seven subjects were recruited and randomly divided into three groups: fast group, slow speed control group and blank control group.In both the fast and slow groups, the concentric contraction was completed as soon as possible, and the eccentric contraction began immediately (1 second) or slowly (3 seconds) after reaching the end of the range of joint motion.The rest was 3 minutes, 3 times a week for 6 weeks.Before training, 2 weeks after training and 2 weeks after training, Mega6000T16 surface electromyography was used to collect the surface electromyography of the tibialis anterior muscle and the gastrocnemius muscle, and the lateral head of the tibial anterior muscle and the gastrocnemius muscle during the process of centrifugal strength training.To compare the differences and similarities of muscle working characteristics during centrifugal strength training with different velocities.Results: after 6 weeks of rapid training, there was no significant change in the mobilization rate of anterior tibial muscle, internal and lateral head of gastrocnemius muscle and RMSMPF during centrifugal training of gastrocnemius muscle. There was no significant change in mobilization rate of anterior tibial muscle and RMSMPF during centrifugation training of anterior tibial muscle, and after 6 weeks of slow training, there was no significant change in the mobilization rate of anterior tibial muscle and RMSMPF after 6 weeks of slow training.The mobilization rate of the lateral head of gastrocnemius and the mobilization rate of the lateral head of gastrocnemius were significantly decreased and the mobilization rate of the anterior tibial muscle was not significantly changed during the centrifugal training of the anterior tibial muscle, and the mobilization rate of the anterior tibial muscle increased significantly after 6 weeks of training, and the mobilization rate of the anterior tibial muscle increased significantly after 6 weeks of training.The mobilization rate of gastrocnemius and lateral head in gastrocnemius was significantly lower in slow group than that in fast group, and there was no difference in MPF between the two groups.The mobilization rate of tibial anterior muscle in RMS slow group was significantly lower than that in MPF group.Conclusion: 1.Before and after rapid centrifugal strength training, the number of muscle fibers involved in centrifugal contraction of the anterior tibial muscle decreased gradually, but the types of motility units mobilized did not change significantly, while the number of muscle fibers of the enteric muscle involved in centrifugal contraction decreased first and then increased.No significant change in the types of motor units mobilizedBefore and after slow centrifugal strength training, the number of myofibers of shank anterior muscle 'and centrifugal contraction decreased gradually, while the number of muscle fibers of gastrocnemius participating in centrifugal contraction decreased significantly.The number of muscle fibers involved in centrifugal force training was significantly higher than that in centrifugal strength training, and the number of muscle fibers involved in centrifugal force training was lower than that in slow centrifugal strength training.Therefore, it may be a better choice in training practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R87

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