本文選題：海軍醫(yī)學(xué)　切入點(diǎn)：環(huán)境污染　出處：《軍事醫(yī)學(xué)》2017年04期

【摘要】：目的研究潛艇水下長(zhǎng)航前期和后期主要微生物分布及抗菌藥物敏感性,為潛艇官兵衛(wèi)勤保障提供依據(jù)。方法用無(wú)菌拭子采集海軍某部潛艇水下長(zhǎng)航前期和后期官兵人體表面、衣物表面和艙室表面的標(biāo)本進(jìn)行常規(guī)細(xì)菌、真菌培養(yǎng),并對(duì)分離菌進(jìn)行鑒定和體外藥物敏感性實(shí)驗(yàn)。結(jié)果共分離出常見條件致病菌34種277株:不動(dòng)桿菌屬細(xì)菌110株(39.7%),假單胞菌屬細(xì)菌64株(23.1%),腸桿菌科細(xì)菌45株(16.2%),葡萄球菌屬細(xì)菌58株(21.0%)。對(duì)每個(gè)菌屬主要細(xì)菌的分布和抗菌藥物敏感性進(jìn)行比較分析,其中水下長(zhǎng)航前期鮑曼不動(dòng)桿菌23株,熒光假單胞菌9株,陰溝腸桿菌8株,表皮葡萄球菌1株;水下長(zhǎng)航后期鮑曼不動(dòng)桿菌46株,熒光假單胞菌8株,陰溝腸桿菌4株,表皮葡萄球菌16株。潛艇水下航行前、后不同時(shí)期,上述4種菌分布差異存在統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(X~2=13.975,P0.05)。長(zhǎng)航前期熒光假單胞菌和陰溝腸桿菌所占的構(gòu)成比較長(zhǎng)航后期高,長(zhǎng)航后期鮑曼不動(dòng)桿菌和表皮葡萄球菌所占的構(gòu)成比較長(zhǎng)航前期高。主要細(xì)菌藥敏結(jié)果顯示,潛艇水下長(zhǎng)航前期和后期4種菌抗菌藥物敏感性也存在一定的差異,并有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。結(jié)論該項(xiàng)調(diào)查建立了潛艇密閉環(huán)境下主要細(xì)菌菌譜及抗菌藥物敏感性的本底數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),通過(guò)分析潛艇水下長(zhǎng)航前期和后期主要細(xì)菌分布及抗菌藥物敏感性,掌握潛艇密閉環(huán)境下主要細(xì)菌的耐藥特點(diǎn),可有針對(duì)性地選擇抗感染藥物,為潛艇官兵衛(wèi)勤保障提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Objective to study the distribution of main microbes and antimicrobial susceptibility in the early and late stages of submarine long voyage, and to provide the basis for the medical support of submarine officers and soldiers. Methods the human body surfaces of officers and soldiers were collected with sterile swabs in the early and late stages of submarine long voyage under water. The specimens on the surface of clothing and cabin were cultured with routine bacteria and fungi. Results A total of 277 strains of 34 species were isolated, including 110 strains of Acinetobacter, 64 strains of Pseudomonas, 45 strains of Enterobacteriaceae and 16.2B, respectively. The distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of the main bacteria in each genus were compared and analyzed. Among them, 23 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, 9 strains of Pseudomonas fluorescence, 8 strains of Enterobacter cloacae, 1 strain of Staphylococcus epidermidis, 46 strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, 8 strains of Pseudomonas fluorescence, 4 strains of Enterobacter cloacae, 16 strains of Staphylococcus epidermidis. Before and after submarine underwater navigation, the distribution differences of the above four bacteria were statistically significant. The composition of Pseudomonas fluorescein and Enterobacter cloacae in the early stage of long voyage was higher than that in the latter stage of long voyage. The composition of Acinetobacter baumannii and Staphylococcus epidermidis in the late stage of long voyage was higher than that in the early stage of long voyage. Conclusion the background database of bacteria spectrum and antimicrobial susceptibility of submarine in closed environment was established, and the distribution of main bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility in the early and late stages of submarine long voyage were analyzed through the analysis of the distribution of main bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility in the early and late stages of submarine long voyage. To grasp the characteristics of drug resistance of the main bacteria in the closed environment of submarine, we can select the anti-infective drugs in order to provide the basis for the medical support of submarine officers and soldiers.
【作者單位】： 第三軍醫(yī)大學(xué)大坪醫(yī)院野戰(zhàn)外科研究所;解放軍92858部隊(duì)醫(yī)院醫(yī)療科;
【基金】：全軍“十二五”后勤科研重點(diǎn)項(xiàng)目(BWS13L019) 全軍醫(yī)學(xué)科研“十二五”計(jì)劃面上項(xiàng)目(CWS13J039)
【分類號(hào)】：R84

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1 韓善橋;虞積耀;姜濤;王大鵬;;海水中致病性弧菌分離及抗菌藥物敏感性分析[J];中國(guó)抗生素雜志;2008年04期

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