本文選題：哮喘癥狀　切入點(diǎn)：常見(jiàn)變應(yīng)原　出處：《空軍醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》2016年06期 　論文類(lèi)型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的調(diào)查內(nèi)蒙古某駐地官兵呼吸道過(guò)敏性疾病的患病率,明確該地官兵常見(jiàn)致敏變應(yīng)原及相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素。方法對(duì)內(nèi)蒙古某駐地官兵500人展開(kāi)問(wèn)卷普查,第一部分集中進(jìn)行現(xiàn)場(chǎng)問(wèn)卷,對(duì)呼吸道過(guò)敏性疾病的患病率和相關(guān)危險(xiǎn)因素進(jìn)行調(diào)查。第二部分篩選出具有過(guò)敏高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)且確診變應(yīng)性鼻炎的官兵,并對(duì)其進(jìn)行23個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化變應(yīng)原皮膚點(diǎn)刺試驗(yàn)。結(jié)果 (1)駐地官兵215例(46.8%)曾出現(xiàn)AR癥狀,101例(22%)曾出現(xiàn)喘息、胸悶、氣短或咳嗽的哮喘癥狀。(2)季節(jié)(OR=6.692)、灰塵(OR=3.912)是AR的危險(xiǎn)因素,年齡(χ~2=45.73,P0.05)、花粉(χ~2=60.947,P0.0 1)、刺激性氣體(χ~2=2 1.6 3 6,P0.0 1)、感冒(χ~2=40.821,P0.01)、冷空氣(χ~2=24.659,P0.01)、氣候變化(χ~2=31.677,P0.01)等與A R發(fā)生密切相關(guān)。(3)家族史(OR=5.861)、灰塵(OR=2.654)及居住年限(OR=1.076)是哮喘癥狀的危險(xiǎn)因素,季節(jié)(χ~2=23.796,P0.0 1)、花粉(χ~2=1 3.9 0 1,P0.0 1)、刺激性氣體(χ~2=10.388,P0.01)、感冒(χ~2=5.077,P0.05)、冷空氣(χ~2=18.296,P0.01)、氣候變化(χ~2=14.203,P0.01)等與哮喘癥狀發(fā)生相關(guān)。(4)對(duì)67名官兵進(jìn)行皮膚點(diǎn)刺試驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)該駐地常見(jiàn)變應(yīng)原為大籽蒿(69.7%)、黃花蒿(62.1%)、向日葵(46.9%)等。其中有90%(52/58)患者同時(shí)對(duì)2種或2種以上變應(yīng)原過(guò)敏。結(jié)論 (1)內(nèi)蒙古駐地官兵A R患病率為46.8%,顯著高于文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道。(2)季節(jié)、灰塵是AR的危險(xiǎn)因素,家族史、灰塵及居住年限是哮喘癥狀的危險(xiǎn)因素。(3)內(nèi)蒙古駐地常見(jiàn)變應(yīng)原以蒿類(lèi)、!草、豚草為主,蒿類(lèi)花粉陽(yáng)性等級(jí)最高。內(nèi)蒙古駐地鼻炎官兵多數(shù)官兵同時(shí)對(duì)2種及2種以上變應(yīng)原過(guò)敏。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the prevalence of respiratory allergic diseases among officers and soldiers in Inner Mongolia and to identify the common allergens and related risk factors. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 500 officers and soldiers in Inner Mongolia. In the first part, a questionnaire was conducted to investigate the prevalence and related risk factors of allergic respiratory diseases. In the second part, officers and soldiers with high risk of allergies and confirmed allergic rhinitis were selected. Twenty-three standardized allergen skin prick tests were carried out on them. Results (1) 215 cases (46.8%) had AR symptoms (101 cases) had asthma symptoms, chest tightness, shortness of breath, shortness of breath or cough) seasonal asthma symptoms were 6. 692%, dust OR3. 912) were risk factors of AR. Age (蠂 2) 45.73 (P 0.05), pollen (蠂 ~ (2) 2) 60.947 (P 0.01), irritant gas (蠂 ~ (22) 21.6 ~ (36)), common cold (蠂 ~ (2) 2) 40.821 (P 0.01), cold air (蠂 ~ (224.659) P 0.01), climate change (蠂 ~ (2) (2n) 31.67 ~ (7) P _ (0.01)) were risk factors of asthma symptoms, such as family history (蠂 ~ (2)), family history (OR 5.861l), dust (OR2.654), and length of residence (OR 1.076), were the risk factors of asthma symptoms. Skin prick tests were carried out in 67 officers and soldiers (蠂 ~ (2)) (蠂 ~ (2)) (蠂 ~ (2)) (蠂 ~ (2)) (蠂 ~ (2)), 23.796 (P 0.01), pollen (蠂 ~ (2) 2) 1.91 (P 0.01), irritant gases (蠂 ~ (2)) 10.388 (P 0.01), colds (蠂 ~ (2) 5.07 7) P 0.05, cold air (蠂 ~ (2) 218.29 P (0.01), climate change (蠂 ~ (2) (14. 203) P 0.01), and so on) were used to conduct skin prick tests in 67 officers and soldiers. It was found that the common allergens in the site were 69.7m, 62.1%, 46.9%, etc. Among them, 90 / 52 / 58) patients were allergic to 2 or more allergens at the same time. Conclusion 1) the prevalence rate of AR in officers and soldiers in Inner Mongolia was 46.8, which was significantly higher than that in the reported season. Dust is the risk factor of AR, family history, dust and years of residence are risk factors of asthma symptoms. Most officers and soldiers in Inner Mongolia were allergic to 2 or more allergens at the same time.
【作者單位】： 空軍總醫(yī)院呼吸內(nèi)科;
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R825

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