本文關(guān)鍵詞： 細(xì)胞自噬 運(yùn)動(dòng)能力 Beclin1 Bcl-2 Glut4 NRF-2　出處：《武漢體育學(xué)院》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的細(xì)胞自噬的功能狀態(tài)對(duì)于運(yùn)動(dòng)誘導(dǎo)的肌細(xì)胞自噬激活以調(diào)節(jié)肌肉代謝、內(nèi)環(huán)境穩(wěn)態(tài)水平而實(shí)現(xiàn)運(yùn)動(dòng)適應(yīng)與運(yùn)動(dòng)能力提高有著重要意義。本文旨在通過(guò)不同運(yùn)動(dòng)方式及運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間的小鼠運(yùn)動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)?zāi)Ｐ?探討運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)于骨骼肌和心肌細(xì)胞自噬激活的相關(guān)分子機(jī)制,為提高機(jī)體運(yùn)動(dòng)能力與預(yù)防肌肉相關(guān)的病變或其它慢性疾病提供理論依據(jù)。方法取8周齡昆明小鼠90只,隨機(jī)分為短期運(yùn)動(dòng)組和長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)動(dòng)組,其中短期運(yùn)動(dòng)組50只,長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)動(dòng)組40只。長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)動(dòng)組又隨機(jī)分為4組:對(duì)照組、自由轉(zhuǎn)輪組、跑臺(tái)組和游泳組,每組各10只。短期運(yùn)動(dòng)組適應(yīng)性訓(xùn)練結(jié)束后,分別進(jìn)行無(wú)負(fù)重游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)0、0.5、1、1.5與2 h。長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)動(dòng)組中,跑臺(tái)組以15 m/min進(jìn)行運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練1 h,每天1次,訓(xùn)練時(shí)間為2個(gè)月。游泳組每天無(wú)負(fù)重游泳1 h,運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練時(shí)間為2個(gè)月。自由轉(zhuǎn)輪組讓小鼠生活在自由轉(zhuǎn)輪籠中自主運(yùn)動(dòng),訓(xùn)練時(shí)間同樣為2個(gè)月。運(yùn)動(dòng)結(jié)束后,取小鼠骨骼肌、心肌等組織備用。以Western blot方法檢測(cè)心肌、骨骼肌中自噬相關(guān)蛋白Beclin1、LC-3、AMPK-?、PGC-1?、抗凋亡蛋白Bcl-2、抗氧化因子NRF-2及糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白Glut4的表達(dá),并用透射電鏡觀察肌肉中自噬激活的狀況或線粒體質(zhì)量的狀況。結(jié)果1.短期運(yùn)動(dòng)后,細(xì)胞自噬相關(guān)蛋白如PGC-1?、AMPK-?和Beclin1在骨骼肌組織中均顯著上調(diào)(P0.05);糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白Glut4在小鼠運(yùn)動(dòng)1.5 h與2 h后表達(dá)量急劇上升。2.短期運(yùn)動(dòng)后,小鼠在運(yùn)動(dòng)1 h和1.5 h時(shí),自噬相關(guān)基因Beclin1在心肌中的表達(dá)量達(dá)到最高水平(P0.05),NRF-2在運(yùn)動(dòng)0.5 h和1 h時(shí)呈現(xiàn)較高的表達(dá)量(P0.05)。3.長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)動(dòng)后,細(xì)胞自噬相關(guān)蛋白如Beclin1和LC-3在骨骼肌組織均顯著上調(diào)(P0.05);自由轉(zhuǎn)輪運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練對(duì)于Glut4表達(dá)則呈現(xiàn)出更為明顯的上調(diào)(P0.05)。4.經(jīng)過(guò)不同運(yùn)動(dòng)方式訓(xùn)練后,均能提高細(xì)胞自噬相關(guān)蛋白Beclin1、抗氧化轉(zhuǎn)錄因子NRF-2在心肌中的表達(dá)(P0.05),尤其是跑臺(tái)和游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)能更大程度地促進(jìn)Beclin1的表達(dá)上調(diào)(P0.05)。5.與短期運(yùn)動(dòng)不同的是,長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)動(dòng)可以降低Bcl-2的表達(dá)而抑制細(xì)胞凋亡(P0.05)。6.在進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)期運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練過(guò)程中,游泳運(yùn)動(dòng)比跑臺(tái)運(yùn)動(dòng)和自由轉(zhuǎn)輪運(yùn)動(dòng)能更大程度地增加Bcl-2的表達(dá)(P0.05)。結(jié)論適度的運(yùn)動(dòng)可以激活骨骼肌、心肌細(xì)胞的自噬,長(zhǎng)期中等強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)訓(xùn)練可以促進(jìn)細(xì)胞自噬的激活,進(jìn)一步提高機(jī)體內(nèi)環(huán)境的穩(wěn)定與能量代謝的平衡和利用率,對(duì)于肌肉運(yùn)動(dòng)適應(yīng)與運(yùn)動(dòng)能力的提高起著重要的作用;同時(shí),運(yùn)動(dòng)誘導(dǎo)的細(xì)胞自噬激活與葡萄糖轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)蛋白Glut4表達(dá)的上調(diào),加強(qiáng)了機(jī)體對(duì)葡萄糖的轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)與利用,促進(jìn)了肌肉質(zhì)量的維持,有利于慢性疾病如糖尿病或衰老性肌萎縮的預(yù)防與治療。
[Abstract]:Objective the functional state of autophagy regulates muscle metabolism by activation of muscle cell autophagy induced by exercise. It is of great significance to achieve motor adaptation and exercise ability improvement at the level of homeostasis in the internal environment. The purpose of this paper is to establish an experimental model of exercise in mice with different exercise patterns and time. To explore the molecular mechanism of exercise on autophagy of skeletal muscle and cardiomyocytes, and to provide theoretical basis for improving the ability of exercise and preventing musculosis-related lesions or other chronic diseases. Methods 90 Kunming mice aged 8 weeks were selected. They were randomly divided into short-term exercise group (n = 50) and long-term exercise group (n = 40). The long-term exercise group was randomly divided into four groups: control group, free wheel group, treadmill group and swimming group. There were 10 rats in each group. After the adaptive training, the short term exercise group was treated with 0. 5 and 1. 5 and 2 hours of weightless swimming respectively. In the long term exercise group, the platform group was trained for 1 hour at 15 m / min, once a day. The training time was 2 months. The swimming group had 1 hour of swimming without load and 2 months of exercise training. The free wheel group allowed the mice to live in the free wheel cage and exercise independently, and the training time was also 2 months. Western blot method was used to detect the autophagy associated protein Beclin1 LC-3 AMPK-3? PGC-1? The expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2, antioxidant factor NRF-2 and glucose transporter Glut4, and the status of autophagy activation or mitochondrial mass in muscle were observed by transmission electron microscope. Results 1.After short-term exercise, autophagy related proteins such as PGC-1? AMPK-? The expression of glucose transport protein (Glut4) in skeletal muscle was significantly up-regulated after 1. 5 h and 2 h of exercise, and the expression of glucose transporter Glut4 was significantly increased at 1 h and 1. 5 h after exercise for 1 h and 1. 5 h after exercise for 1 h and 1. 5 h, respectively. The expression of autophagy related gene Beclin1 in myocardium reached the highest level. NRF-2 showed a higher expression at 0.5 h and 1 h of exercise. Autophagy associated proteins such as Beclin1 and LC-3 were significantly up-regulated in skeletal muscle tissues, while free wheel exercise showed a more significant up-regulation of Glut4 expression. The expression of antioxidant transcription factor (NRF-2) in myocardium was increased, especially in treadmill and swimming exercise, which could promote the expression of Beclin1 to a greater extent. Different from short-term exercise, it was different from short-term exercise. Long-term exercise can reduce the expression of Bcl-2 and inhibit apoptosis. During long-term exercise training, swimming can increase the expression of Bcl-2 to a greater extent than treadmill exercise and free wheel exercise. Conclusion moderate exercise can activate skeletal muscle. Myocardial autophagy and long-term moderate exercise training can promote the activation of autophagy and further improve the stability of the environment and the balance and utilization of energy metabolism. At the same time, autophagy induced by exercise and up-regulated expression of glucose transporter Glut4 enhance the transport and utilization of glucose. Promote the maintenance of muscle quality, is conducive to the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases such as diabetes or aging muscle atrophy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R87

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