陜西省優(yōu)秀女子賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員代謝特征及其影響因素的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞: 賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員 有氧能力 無(wú)氧能力 氣體代謝 出處:《西安體育學(xué)院》2012年碩士論文 論文類(lèi)型:學(xué)位論文
【摘要】:目的:通過(guò)對(duì)陜西省賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員有氧代謝和無(wú)氧代謝的實(shí)驗(yàn)研究,探討我省女子賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員的代謝特征及其影響因素,使我省賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員通過(guò)科學(xué)訓(xùn)練能夠使身體機(jī)能和運(yùn)動(dòng)技術(shù)水平達(dá)到一個(gè)更高的水平,為在比賽中取得優(yōu)異成績(jī)提供保障和可能。 研究方法: (1)文獻(xiàn)資料法:通過(guò)中國(guó)知網(wǎng),查閱近十年來(lái)國(guó)內(nèi)、外有關(guān)賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)、賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員有氧代謝和無(wú)氧代謝的相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)資料,通過(guò)對(duì)文獻(xiàn)資料的分析、整理和總結(jié),了解和掌握國(guó)內(nèi)、外優(yōu)秀賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員有氧代謝、無(wú)氧代謝的特征,作為分析和評(píng)價(jià)我省優(yōu)秀賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員有氧代謝和無(wú)氧代謝能力的參考依據(jù)。 (2)實(shí)驗(yàn)法:以8名陜西省賽艇隊(duì)女子優(yōu)秀運(yùn)動(dòng)員和10名陜西省賽艇隊(duì)二線女子運(yùn)動(dòng)員為研究對(duì)象。利用起始負(fù)荷為4km/h,坡度為1°,之后,每增加2km/h為下一級(jí)負(fù)荷,每級(jí)持續(xù)運(yùn)動(dòng)2min;運(yùn)動(dòng)跑臺(tái)坡度從第五級(jí)開(kāi)始每級(jí)負(fù)荷增加1°,受試者運(yùn)動(dòng)直至力竭之運(yùn)動(dòng)模型。測(cè)試其遞增負(fù)荷運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)程中氣體代謝變化以及運(yùn)動(dòng)前、運(yùn)動(dòng)后即刻、運(yùn)動(dòng)后3min、l0min血乳酸的變化,探討其有氧能力及其影響因素。利用COMBI自行車(chē),按照8%體重的負(fù)荷,測(cè)定30s無(wú)氧功。 主要實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果: (1)運(yùn)動(dòng)開(kāi)始階段,實(shí)驗(yàn)組VO2、VO2/HR、TV、VECO2和PetC02均大于對(duì)照組,RQ、VEO2和PetO2小于對(duì)照組; (2)隨著運(yùn)動(dòng)負(fù)荷的增加,實(shí)驗(yàn)組于每一級(jí)負(fù)荷運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)VO2和VO2/HR始終顯著大于對(duì)照組(P0.01),VD/TV顯著小于對(duì)照組(P0.01); (3)最后一級(jí)負(fù)荷運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),實(shí)驗(yàn)組VO2、VCO2、TV、VE和VO2/HR顯著大于對(duì)照組(P0.01), VD/TV顯著小于對(duì)照組(P0.01); (4)通氣閾強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),實(shí)驗(yàn)組VO2、VCO2、VO2/HR、VE、TV和METS顯著大于對(duì)照組(P0.01), VEO2、VECO2和VD/TV顯著小于普通大學(xué)生(P0.05)。此時(shí),實(shí)驗(yàn)組VO2與VO2/HR呈高度正相關(guān),與VE、TV和PetCO:呈中度正相關(guān),與VEO2呈中度負(fù)相關(guān);對(duì)照組VO2與VE呈高度正相關(guān),與VO2/HR呈中度正相關(guān); (5)最大攝氧量臨界強(qiáng)度運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),實(shí)驗(yàn)組VO2、VCO2、RQ、VO2/HR、VE、TV和RR顯著大于對(duì)照組(P0.01), EO2、VECO2和VD/TV顯著小于對(duì)照組(P0.05)。實(shí)驗(yàn)組VO2max與VO2/HR和TV呈高度正相關(guān),與VE、RR、PetCO2呈中度正相關(guān),與PetO2呈高度負(fù)相關(guān),與VEO2、VECO2和VD/TV呈中度負(fù)相關(guān)。對(duì)照組V02max與RR、PetCO2呈高度正相關(guān),與VE及RQ呈中度正相關(guān),與VEO2、VECO2具有呈中度負(fù)相關(guān),但相關(guān)性低于實(shí)驗(yàn)組; (6)實(shí)驗(yàn)組平均功、相對(duì)平均功、最大功、相對(duì)最大功和血乳酸增值顯著大于對(duì)照組(P0.01)。 主要結(jié)論: (1)第一級(jí)負(fù)荷運(yùn)動(dòng)階段,優(yōu)秀賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員通氣機(jī)能、心血管機(jī)能以及攝氧能力具有較快的動(dòng)員速度; (2)通氣閾負(fù)荷運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí),優(yōu)秀賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員良好的通氣效率、肺換氣能力和氧氣利用能力是決定其攝氧能力的關(guān)鍵因素; (3)陜西省女子優(yōu)秀賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員有氧能力有待提高,發(fā)展我省賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員有氧能力應(yīng)在全面發(fā)展輸氧系統(tǒng)和耗氧系統(tǒng)機(jī)能的基礎(chǔ)上,以發(fā)展心肺功能為主; (4)陜西省優(yōu)秀女子賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員具有著較高的磷酸原代謝供能能力和糖酵解代謝供能能力,尤其是糖酵解代謝能力更具優(yōu)勢(shì); (5)與國(guó)內(nèi)優(yōu)秀女子賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員相比,陜西省優(yōu)秀女子賽艇運(yùn)動(dòng)員對(duì)乳酸的耐受性有待提高。
[Abstract]:Objective: through experimental study on aerobic and anaerobic metabolism of the rowers of Shaanxi Province, to explore the factors of metabolic characteristics and influence of women's rowing athletes in our province, our province rowing athletes through scientific training can make the technical level of body function and movement to a higher level, and may provide protection for outstanding achievements in the in the game.
Research methods:
(1) literature: by China HowNet, referring to domestic in recent ten years, the rowing, rowing athletes have the relevant literature of oxygen and anaerobic metabolism, through the analysis of the literature, collate and summarize, understand and grasp the domestic and Foreign Elite Rowing Athletes' aerobic metabolism, anaerobic metabolism characteristics the analysis and evaluation, as a reference for our province Elite Rowing Athletes' aerobic and anaerobic metabolism ability.
(2) experimental method: the 8 Shaanxi rowing team of elite female athletes and 10 Shaanxi rowing team second female athletes as the research object. The initial load is 4km/h, after the slope is 1 degrees, each 2km/h increase is the next level of load, each level of continuous motion 2min; exercise treadmill slope from fifth starting at level 1 degrees per level increased by exercise load, exercise until exhaustion of the model. The test gas during incremental exercise and metabolic changes before exercise, immediately after exercise, after exercise 3min, l0min changes of blood lactic acid, explore its aerobic capacity and its influencing factors. By using the COMBI bike, according to 8% the weight of the load, the determination of 30s anaerobic power.
The main experimental results are as follows:
(1) at the beginning of the exercise, the VO2, VO2/HR, TV, VECO2 and PetC02 in the experimental group were all larger than those in the control group, and RQ, VEO2 and PetO2 were less than the control group.
(2) with the increase of exercise load, the VO2 and VO2/HR levels of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P0.01) at each level of exercise, and VD/TV was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.01).
(3) the VO2, VCO2, TV, VE and VO2/HR in the experimental group were significantly greater than those of the control group (P0.01), and the VD/TV was significantly smaller than the control group (P0.01).
(4) the ventilatory threshold intensity exercise, the experimental group VO2, VCO2, VO2/HR, VE, TV and METS were significantly higher than that of control group (P0.01), VEO2, VECO2 and VD/TV were significantly less than ordinary college students (P0.05). The experimental group was positively correlated with VO2, VO2/HR and VE, showed a moderate positive correlation and TV PetCO:, there is a negative correlation with VEO2; the control group VO2 was positively related with VE, were positively correlated with VO2/HR;
(5) VO2max critical intensity exercise, the experimental group VO2, VCO2, RQ, VO2/HR, VE, TV and RR were significantly higher than that of control group (P0.01), EO2, VECO2 and VD/TV were significantly less than the control group (P0.05). The experimental group was positively correlated with VO2max, VO2/HR and RR, TV and VE. There was a moderate positive correlation between PetCO2 and negativelycorrelated, with PetO2 and VEO2, VECO2 and VD/TV showed a moderate negative correlation. The control group V02max and RR, was highly related to PetCO2, was positively correlated with VE and RQ, and VEO2, VECO2 has a moderate negative correlation, but the correlation is lower than the experimental group;
(6) the average work, the relative average work, the maximum work, the relative maximum work and the blood lactic acid value in the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P0.01).
The main conclusions are as follows:
(1) the first stage load movement stage, the excellent Rowers' ventilation function, cardiovascular function and oxygen uptake ability have faster mobilization speed.
(2) during the ventilation threshold exercise, the excellent aeration efficiency of the excellent rowers, the lung ventilation ability and the oxygen utilization ability are the key factors to determine the oxygen uptake ability.
(3) Shaanxi Province Women's Elite Rowing Athletes' aerobic capacity needs to be improved, the development of our province rowing athletes aerobic capacity should be based on the comprehensive development of oxygen system and oxygen consumption system, with the development of heart and lung function;
(4) the elite female rowers in Shaanxi province have higher ability of phosphoric acid metabolism, energy supply and glycolysis and metabolism, especially the ability of glycolysis and metabolism.
(5) compared with the excellent women rowers in China, the endurance of the elite women rowers in Shaanxi needs to be improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:西安體育學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】:R87
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