本文關(guān)鍵詞： 同步輻射 冠狀動(dòng)脈造影 小鼠模型 在位 圖像增強(qiáng) 圖像減影 相關(guān)系數(shù) 數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)學(xué) 呼吸周期 心臟搏動(dòng)偽周期　出處：《上海交通大學(xué)》2013年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：冠狀動(dòng)脈是心肌細(xì)胞的供血?jiǎng)用}，對(duì)冠狀動(dòng)脈的深入研究，有助于相關(guān)心臟疾病或者心肌病變的正確診斷。小鼠由于其易于制作各種疾病模型的特點(diǎn)，廣泛運(yùn)用于心臟疾病的病理研究。但是目前的小鼠心臟疾病研究缺乏一種直觀的影像學(xué)方法，這是由于常規(guī)的影像學(xué)方法分辨率較低，很難獲得有價(jià)值的圖像。近年來(lái)發(fā)展起來(lái)的同步輻射成像技術(shù)因其單色性好、高準(zhǔn)直性等特點(diǎn)[1]，，能夠獲得高時(shí)間分辨率和高空間分辨率的圖像，從而使得小鼠的在位冠狀動(dòng)脈造影成像成為可能。本實(shí)驗(yàn)建立了一整套完整的小鼠冠狀動(dòng)脈成像和圖像預(yù)處理方法，從而為心臟和冠脈疾病的病理和藥理研究提供一種有效的手段。主要內(nèi)容如下： 1、確立完整的同步輻射小鼠在位冠狀動(dòng)脈成像的參數(shù)體系。在模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)中模擬血管造影成像，確定在上海同步輻射裝置下的最佳的成像能量為33-34keV，探測(cè)器空間分辨率為26μm、時(shí)間分辨率至少每秒10幀，造影劑采用與清水3：1混合的醫(yī)用碘帕醇溶液。造影劑注射采用脈沖式注射的方法，瞬時(shí)注射速度為12ml/m。 2、確定正常小鼠冠狀動(dòng)脈成像模型采用頸動(dòng)脈插管的方法注射造影劑，并在設(shè)定好的最佳參數(shù)范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行在位成像，確認(rèn)實(shí)驗(yàn)的可重復(fù)性并規(guī)范實(shí)驗(yàn)操作步驟。 3、提出一整套圖像預(yù)處理方法來(lái)改善成像結(jié)果，消除呼吸運(yùn)動(dòng)導(dǎo)致的肋骨等運(yùn)動(dòng)背景的干擾。算法首先利用灰度均值對(duì)冠脈序列圖像進(jìn)行灰度修正，消除變化的同步輻射光通量對(duì)圖像整體灰度值的影響；然后利用圖像肋骨區(qū)域的相關(guān)系數(shù)矩陣來(lái)選擇最匹配的背景幀，實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)冠脈序列的減影增強(qiáng)；接著利用數(shù)學(xué)形態(tài)學(xué)的方法對(duì)減影后的圖像進(jìn)行圖像增強(qiáng)，消除結(jié)構(gòu)尺寸大于冠狀動(dòng)脈直徑的背景結(jié)構(gòu)，增強(qiáng)冠脈血管的對(duì)比度；最后利用灰度共生矩陣分析增強(qiáng)前后圖像的紋理特征，證明算法消除結(jié)構(gòu)噪聲的有效性。 4、對(duì)增強(qiáng)后的冠脈圖像進(jìn)行血管區(qū)域提取，進(jìn)行呼吸周期和心臟搏動(dòng)偽周期的估計(jì)和分析，彌補(bǔ)由于實(shí)驗(yàn)條件無(wú)法進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)呼吸和心跳監(jiān)測(cè)造成的成像數(shù)據(jù)缺陷；并通過(guò)統(tǒng)計(jì)的方法驗(yàn)證實(shí)驗(yàn)所采用的減影和圖像增強(qiáng)算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Coronary artery is the blood supply artery of cardiomyocytes. The in-depth study of coronary artery is helpful to the correct diagnosis of related heart disease or cardiomyopathy. It is widely used in the pathological study of heart disease. However, the present study of heart disease in mice lacks an intuitive imaging method, which is due to the low resolution of conventional imaging methods. It is difficult to obtain valuable images. Synchrotron radiation imaging technology developed in recent years is characterized by its good monochromatic and high collimation. [1] it is possible to obtain images with high temporal resolution and high spatial resolution. In order to make in situ coronary angiography possible in mice, a complete set of coronary artery imaging and image preprocessing methods were established in this experiment. Thus providing an effective means for the pathological and pharmacological study of heart and coronary artery diseases. The main contents are as follows: 1. Establish a complete parameter system of synchrotron radiation in vivo coronary artery imaging in mice. The optimal imaging energy under the Shanghai Synchrotron radiation device is determined to be 33-34keV, the spatial resolution of the detector is 26 渭 m, and the temporal resolution is at least 10 frames per second. The contrast medium was mixed with 3: 1 of clear water, and the contrast medium was injected with pulse injection at an instantaneous rate of 12 ml / m. 2. The coronary artery imaging model of normal mice was established by carotid artery catheterization. The contrast medium was injected into the coronary artery, and the in-situ imaging was performed within the set optimal parameters. Confirm the repeatability of the experiment and standardize the procedure. 3. A whole set of image preprocessing methods is proposed to improve the imaging results and eliminate the interference of the moving background such as the rib caused by respiratory movement. Firstly, the gray level of the coronary artery sequence image is corrected by the gray mean. Eliminating the influence of varying synchrotron radiation luminous flux on the overall gray value of the image; Then the correlation-coefficient matrix of the frame region is used to select the most matched background frame to realize the subtraction enhancement of coronary artery sequence. Then the image is enhanced by mathematical morphology to eliminate the background structure whose size is larger than the diameter of coronary artery and enhance the contrast of coronary artery. Finally, the texture features of the images before and after enhancement are analyzed by using the gray level co-occurrence matrix, which proves that the algorithm is effective in eliminating structural noise. 4Vascular region was extracted from the enhanced coronary artery image, and the respiratory cycle and the pseudo-cycle of heart pulsation were estimated and analyzed. Make up for the imperfections of imaging data caused by the inability of real-time breathing and heartbeat monitoring under experimental conditions; The effectiveness of the subtraction and image enhancement algorithms used in the experiment is verified by statistical method.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R816.2;R541.4

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 陳少萍,邊長(zhǎng)勇,王永春,秦永文,張國(guó)元;大鼠在體冠狀動(dòng)脈造影方法的建立[J];第二軍醫(yī)大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào);2001年05期

2 伍佩儀,吳海翔;某些感染因子與冠狀動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化性疾病的關(guān)系[J];湖北預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2003年02期

3 孫正;;基于T-snake模型的冠狀動(dòng)脈血管提取和運(yùn)動(dòng)跟蹤[J];光電子.激光;2007年10期

4 吳思,林守勛,張勇東;基于動(dòng)態(tài)背景構(gòu)造的視頻運(yùn)動(dòng)對(duì)象自動(dòng)分割[J];計(jì)算機(jī)學(xué)報(bào);2005年08期

5 孫正,郁道銀,徐智,黃家祥;基于彈性匹配的冠狀動(dòng)脈造影圖像序列中血管的運(yùn)動(dòng)估計(jì)[J];計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用;2003年S1期

6 張娟;毛曉波;陳鐵軍;;運(yùn)動(dòng)目標(biāo)跟蹤算法研究綜述[J];計(jì)算機(jī)應(yīng)用研究;2009年12期

7 胡以靜;李政訪;胡躍明;;基于光流的運(yùn)動(dòng)分析理論及應(yīng)用[J];計(jì)算機(jī)測(cè)量與控制;2007年02期

8 胡琴;張運(yùn);;基因工程小鼠動(dòng)脈粥樣硬化模型的研究進(jìn)展[J];中國(guó)動(dòng)脈硬化雜志;2006年08期

9 王娟玲;冠狀動(dòng)脈造影在臨床上的應(yīng)用現(xiàn)狀[J];臨床薈萃;1998年08期

10 崔慧慧;楊建一;李莉;;不同類型高血壓模型的研究進(jìn)展[J];熱帶醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2008年05期

本文編號(hào)：1464982