發(fā)布時間：2018-01-18 07:32

  本文關鍵詞：短時間大強度間歇訓練對肥胖青年女性腹部脂肪的影響　出處：《河北師范大學》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 短時間大強度間歇訓練 內臟脂肪 腹部皮下脂肪 肥胖青年女性

【摘要】：隨著社會的飛速發(fā)展,大眾生活條件越來越高,由此帶來肥胖的問題也逐年增加。特別是近年來,由于肥胖引起的相關代謝疾病患病率呈直線上升的趨勢。肥胖已成為一種慢性的代謝疾病。肥胖的分類有很多種,根據脂肪分布的位置分為外周型肥胖和向心型肥胖。由肥胖引起的相關代謝疾病很多都與內臟脂肪堆積過多有關系,因此如何有效減少內臟脂肪對改善肥胖患者身體健康有著重要的意義。近年來高強度間歇運動對改善身體健康的效果成為大眾研究的熱點。一些研究表明,高強度間歇訓練能夠有效提高有氧能力、降低血糖、提高胰島素敏感性、改善血管內皮功能和減少身體脂肪含量。高強度間歇訓練與中等強度持續(xù)訓練相比,由于運動時間短、節(jié)奏變化快,因此更容易被大眾接受。相關研究提示,高強度間歇運動能夠有效減少腹部皮下脂肪量和內臟脂肪量。但是高強度間歇運動的方案較多,其中大部分的運動時間較長,對一些久坐少動的肥胖人群來說,他們更偏向選擇短時間大強度間歇訓練,但是在高強度間歇訓練優(yōu)化方案方面的研究較少,目前還沒有找到一個減肥效率特別高的方案,因此高強度間歇運動方案值得深入研究。研究目的:比較分析短時間大強度間歇訓練與其它兩種訓練方案對肥胖青年女性腹部皮下脂肪量、內臟脂肪量、全身脂肪量和有氧能力的影響,為運動減肥提供理論指導,同時也為肥胖人群減肥提供一種新的選擇。研究方法:58名肥胖青年女性(Fat%:38.59±2.6%)隨機分為4組:S組、H組、M組、C組,干預12周。S組的運動方案為短時間大強度間歇運動,使用Monark 894無氧功率自行車,進行全力沖刺6s間歇9s的運動;間歇過程無負荷,空蹬功率自行車。每沖刺6s間歇9s即完成一組,共需完成80組。M、H組均使用Monark 839有氧功率自行車,克服相同機械功,前2周每次運動克服機械功為200kj,后10周每次運動克服機械功300kj。M組的運動強度為60%VO2peak強度持續(xù)運動,H組的運動強度為90%VO2peak強度的間歇運動。H組以90%VO2peak強度運動4分鐘后間歇,間歇過程中不運動,當主觀體力感覺(Rating of Perceived Exertion,RPE)下降到13時,再進行4分鐘運動。運動干預期間,所有受試者保持與運動干預前相同的飲食和體力活動習慣。12周運動干預結束后用雙能x射線和計算機斷層掃描(computedtomography,ct)分別對全身脂肪含量和腹部皮下脂肪和內臟脂肪進行測量。研究結果:1.除vo2peak外,所有初始指標各組均無統(tǒng)計學差異(p0.05),三個運動組之間vo2peak無統(tǒng)計學差異(p=0.64)。2.12周干預前后腹部皮下脂肪和內臟脂肪面積比較12周干預后s組腹部內臟脂肪面積減少了9.1%(69.27±23.43cm2vs62.95±21.85cm2,p=0.042),h組內臟脂肪面積減少了13.4%(68.96±24.71cm2vs59.87±19.09cm2,p=0.019);s組和h組變化值之間無交互作用(p=0.831);m組12周干預前后內臟脂肪面積無顯著性差異(69.4±26.63cm2vs60.21±23.52cm2,p=0.053);c組12周干預前后內臟脂肪面積有減少的傾向,但無統(tǒng)計學意義上的差異(69.81±21.30cm2vs69.43±19.49cm2,p=0.725)。12周干預后s組腹部皮下脂肪面積減少7.1%(244.89±62.27cm2vs227.54±51.83cm2,p=0.040),h組腹部皮下脂肪面積減少14.1%(248.43±61.19cm2vs213.37±51.03cm2,p=0.005),m組腹部皮下脂肪面積減少12.9%(219.87±47.56cm2vs191.58±35.50cm2,p=0.008),且三組變化值之間無交互作用(p=0.797,p=0.145,p=0.234),c組腹部皮下脂肪面積無顯著性差異(302.62±91.18cm2vs299.72±92.72cm2,p=0.373)。3.實驗組fat%、全身脂肪量和體重變化情況12周干預后s組、h組、m組fat%(s組:38.41±2.33%vs36.34±2.12%,p=0.000;h組:38.14±2.28%vs35.62±1.98%,p=0.000;m組:38.00±2.13%vs35.64±2.33%,p=0.000)、全身脂肪量(s組:25.67±3.45kgvs23.68±3.33kg,p=0.000;h組:25.72±3.28kgvs22.85±3.04kg,p=0.000;m組:38.00±2.13kgvs35.64±2.33kg,p=0.000)、體重(s組:66.68±6.41kgvs64.94±6.15kg,p=0.000;h組:67.33±6.09kgvs64.00±5.99kg,p=0.000;m組:68.52±8.00kgvs65.14±7.72kg,p=0.000)均有顯著性降低,且三組變化值之間均無交互作用。c組運動干預后fat%、全身脂肪量、體重均無顯著性差異(p=0.973,p=0.437,p=0.462)。4.實驗組vo2peak變化情況12周干預后S組、H組、M組VO2peak水平均有顯著性提高(S組:30.75±3.54ml/min/kg VS 38.50±4.79ml/min/kg,P=0.000;H組:31.49±2.17 ml/min/kg VS 39.79±4.48 ml/min/kg,P=0.000;M組:30.61±3.53 ml/min/kg VS 38.33±4.44ml/min/kg,P=0.000),且三組變化值之間均無交互作用。C組運動干預后VO2peak水平無顯著性差異(27.62±2.81ml/min/kg VS 27.56±2.20 ml/min/kg,P=0.936)。結論經過12周干預,短時間大強度間歇訓練與其它兩種運動方式相比,運動時間短、減肥效果好,能夠有效減少肥胖青年女性全身脂肪量、Fat%,特別是對減少腹部脂肪量有著良好效果,同時還能提高最大攝氧量水平,為肥胖人群運動減肥提供了一種新的選擇。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of society, the public life condition is more and more high, resulting in the problem of obesity is also increasing year by year. Especially in recent years, due to a linear increase in prevalence rate of metabolic diseases caused by obesity. Obesity has become a chronic metabolic disease. There are many kinds of classification of obesity, according to fat distribution the location is divided into peripheral obesity and obesity related metabolic disorders to heart. Many are caused by obesity and visceral fat excessive accumulation of a relationship, so how to effectively reduce the visceral fat is important to improve the health of obese patients. In recent years, high-intensity intermittent exercise to improve the physical health effects has become a hot research mass. Some studies have shown that high intensity intermittent training can improve aerobic capacity, reduce blood sugar, improve insulin sensitivity, improve endothelial function and reduce body fat Content. High intensity interval training and continuous medium intensity training, because the movement time is short, fast rhythm changes, so more easily accepted by the public. The related studies suggest that high-intensity intermittent exercise can effectively reduce abdominal subcutaneous fat and visceral fat weight. But high intensity intermittent exercise program more, most of the long time movement among them, some of the sedentary obese people, they tend to choose high intensity interval training in short time, but in the high intensity intermittent training optimization research has yet to find a weight loss of very high efficiency scheme, so the high intensity intermittent exercise program deserves further study. The purpose of the study: a comparative analysis high intensity intermittent training time and the other two kinds of training program for obese young women abdominal subcutaneous fat, visceral fat mass, body fat mass and aerobic capacity The effect of weight loss, to provide theoretical guidance for the movement, but also provides a new choice for weight loss in obese individuals. Methods: 58 obese young women (Fat%: 38.59 + 2.6%) were randomly divided into 4 groups: S group, H group, M group, C group,.S 12 week exercise program intervention group for a short time and high intensity intermittent exercise, the use of Monark 894 anaerobic power bicycle, full sprint 6S intermittent 9s movement; batch process without load, empty pedal power bicycle. Each 9s is a complete 6S intermittent sprint group were required to complete the 80 group.M, H group were using Monark 839 aerobic power bicycle, overcome the same the mechanical work, the first 2 weeks of each exercise to overcome the mechanical energy is 200kj, 10 weeks after each exercise exercise intensity to overcome the mechanical power group 300kj.M 60%VO2peak intensity endurance exercise, exercise intensity in the H group.H group 90%VO2peak intermittent exercise intensity to 90%VO2peak intensity exercise after 4 minutes of intermittent, intermittent process Do not exercise, when perceived exertion (Rating of Perceived Exertion, RPE) dropped to 13, then 4 minutes of exercise. Exercise intervention period, all subjects maintained and exercise intervention diet and physical activity habits.12 weeks after the end of the same exercise intervention by dual energy X ray and computer tomography (computedtomography CT) measurements were performed on the body fat content and abdominal subcutaneous fat and visceral fat. Results: 1. in addition to VO2peak, there was no significant difference in all indexes of each group (P0.05), initial VO2peak no statistical difference between the three exercise group (p=0.64) before and after.2.12 weeks of intervention of abdominal subcutaneous fat and visceral fat area compared to 12 weeks the intervention group s abdominal visceral fat area was reduced by 9.1% (69.27 + 23.43cm2vs62.95 + 21.85cm2, p=0.042), H group of visceral fat area was reduced by 13.4% (68.96 + 24.71cm2vs59.87 + 19.09cm2, p=0.019); Group s and H No interaction between group variation (p=0.831); group M, visceral fat area had no significant difference before and after 12 weeks of intervention (69.4 + 26.63cm2vs60.21 + 23.52cm2, p=0.053); C group before and after 12 weeks of intervention of visceral fat area tended to be decreased, but no statistically significant difference in the (69.81 + 21.30cm2vs69.43 + 19.49cm2, p=0.725).12 weeks after the intervention group s abdominal subcutaneous fat area decreased by 7.1% (244.89 + 62.27cm2vs227.54 + 51.83cm2, p=0.040), 14.1% H group reduced abdominal subcutaneous fat area (248.43 + 61.19cm2vs213.37 + 51.03cm2, p=0.005), 12.9% M group reduced abdominal subcutaneous fat area (219.87 + 47.56cm2vs191.58 + 35.50cm2, p=0.008), and the three groups change value no interaction (p=0.797, p=0.145, p=0.234), the C group has no significant difference in abdominal subcutaneous fat area (302.62 + 91.18cm2vs299.72 + 92.72cm2, p=0.373).3. fat% in the experimental group, body fat and body weight changes 12鍛ㄥ共棰勫悗s緇，

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