【摘要】：研究目的： 本研究通過對北京市兒童少年身體發(fā)育指標(biāo)的分析,研究和探討北京市兒童少年30年來的生長速度和生長水平變化,總結(jié)生長發(fā)育水平規(guī)律,制訂適合我國現(xiàn)階段的生長發(fā)育評價標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。為了解北京市兒童青少年生長發(fā)育狀況、及早發(fā)現(xiàn)生長障礙兒童,以及生長障礙兒童的治療效果觀察提供敏感的數(shù)據(jù)支持,為促進(jìn)我國青少年健康成長提供理論基礎(chǔ)。 研究對象和研究方法： 本研究選取1981至1993年由國家體委組織的重點課題《兒童少年生長發(fā)育12年追蹤研究》的北京城市戶口受試者1216人,其中男471人,女513人。以及2009年～2010年在北京市海淀區(qū)城市戶口小學(xué)和中學(xué)測得的2454名人員,其中男1231名,女1223名。測試身高、體重、胸圍、坐高、拍攝手腕部X線片。利用中華05骨齡和G-P骨齡標(biāo)準(zhǔn)讀取骨齡。數(shù)據(jù)處理為常規(guī)統(tǒng)計方法,獨立樣本T檢驗以及回歸分析。 結(jié)論： 130年間,北京市兒童少年的生長水平發(fā)生了很大改善,身高、體重、胸圍等形態(tài)指標(biāo)顯著性增長。18歲組平均身高增加了男增加了4.5cm,女增加了2.2cm。生長發(fā)育繼續(xù)提前,生長突增高峰年齡前移。30年來,身高生長長期趨勢的增長方式是成年身高顯著增長,說明我國身高生長長期趨勢已經(jīng)進(jìn)入中期階段,今后幾十年將進(jìn)入以成年身高為主的穩(wěn)步增長階段。 230年間,生長速度也有整體加速趨勢,生長突增高峰年齡提前,生長突增高峰更高。 3作生長速度水平曲線時,分別作出早熟、晚熟、正常發(fā)育三種不同發(fā)育類型生長速度均值曲線或百分位數(shù)圖,將峰齡重疊于同一軸上,算出均值和百分位數(shù),作為評價個體兒童青春期發(fā)育水平的修正和補(bǔ)充依據(jù),很有意義。 4制訂現(xiàn)在兒童少年的生長水平曲線時,讓斷面數(shù)據(jù)和追蹤數(shù)據(jù)的作回歸分析,把追蹤數(shù)據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)換成符合現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在生長水平的數(shù)據(jù),繪制出光滑的曲線。
[Abstract]:Objective: to study and explore the changes of growth rate and level of Beijing children and adolescents in the past 30 years by analyzing the physical development index of Beijing children and adolescents, and to summarize the law of growth and development level. The evaluation standard of growth and development suitable for the present stage of our country was established. In order to understand the growth and development of children and adolescents in Beijing, to find out the children with growth disorders and to observe the therapeutic effect of children with growth disorders early, to provide sensitive data support, and to provide theoretical basis for promoting the healthy growth of adolescents in China. Subjects and methods: from 1981 to 1993, 1216 subjects (471 males and 513 females) were selected from Beijing urban hukou, which was organized by the State Sports Commission from 1981 to 1993, which was a key topic, "A 12-year Follow-up study on the growth and Development of Children and adolescents", in which 471 men and 513 women were enrolled in the study. And from 2009 to 2010 in Haidian District of Beijing City registered as a primary school and secondary school survey of 2454 people, including 1231 men, 1223 women. Test height, weight, chest circumference, sit height, and take X-ray of wrist. Bone age of 05 bone age and G-P bone age were used to read the bone age. The data were processed by routine statistical method, independent sample T test and regression analysis. Conclusion: during 130 years, the growth level of children and adolescents in Beijing has been greatly improved. The height, weight, chest circumference and other morphological indexes increased significantly. The average height of 18 years old group increased by 4.5 cm for males and 2.2 cm for females. In the past 30 years, the long-term trend of height growth is the significant increase of adult height, which indicates that the long-term trend of height growth in China has entered the middle stage. In the next few decades, we will enter a steady growth stage dominated by adult height. In 230 years, the growth rate has also shown an overall acceleration trend, and the peak age of growth sudden increase has been advanced. When the growth rate level curve was made, the mean growth rate curves or percentile maps of three different growth types, early maturing, late maturing and normal development, were made, and the peak ages were overlapped on the same axis. It is of great significance to calculate the mean and percentile values as the basis for revising and supplementing the level of puberty development of individual children. (4) when drawing up the growth level curve of children and adolescents today, Regression analysis of cross-section data and tracking data is made, and tracing data is converted into data in line with current growth level, and smooth curves are drawn.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京體育大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R179

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