【摘要】：目的通過分析上海市閔行區(qū)1993—2015年戶籍居民死亡及2002—2015年傳染病發(fā)病數(shù)據(jù),評價居民的健康水平。方法采用描述性流行病學(xué)方法對閔行區(qū)1993—2015年戶籍居民人均期望壽命(average life expectancy,ALE)變化、死亡率水平、死因順位變化及2002—2015年傳染病發(fā)病情況、發(fā)病趨勢進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果 1993—2015年間,上海市閔行區(qū)全人群ALE從71.78歲上升到83.58歲,提高了11.80歲。其中,男性從67.34歲提高到81.37歲,提高了14.03歲;女性從76.22歲提高到85.89歲,提高了9.67歲。2015年上海市閔行區(qū)戶籍居民粗死亡率為755.35/10萬,比1993年上升21.45%,比2014年上升2.71%;同年,全人群標(biāo)化死亡率為196.07/10萬,比1993年下降54.17%,比2014年下降0.51%。2015年上海市閔行區(qū)戶籍居民前5位死因依次為循環(huán)系統(tǒng)疾病,腫瘤,呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病,內(nèi)分泌、營養(yǎng)和代謝性疾病(簡稱代謝病)及損傷中毒,占全人群總死亡數(shù)的91.33%。2002-2015年上海市閔行區(qū)共報告法定傳染病23種,累計發(fā)病人數(shù)62 845例,死亡152例。傳染病總報告發(fā)病率急劇增長,14年間增長291.98%(Z=10943.83,P0.001),標(biāo)化后依然呈上升趨勢。2015年傳染病發(fā)病率前5位依次為手足口病(hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD)、猩紅熱、梅毒、肺結(jié)核和乙肝。結(jié)論上海市閔行區(qū)多年來通過整合區(qū)域內(nèi)各級醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)的資源,全方位貫徹"將健康融入所有政策"的要求。居民人均期望壽命處于較高水平,慢性病綜合防控和重大傳染病的防控仍然是今后一段時期內(nèi)公共衛(wèi)生工作的重點(diǎn)。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the health status of residents in Minhang District of Shanghai by analyzing the data of household deaths and infectious diseases from 1993 to 2015. Methods descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the changes of average life expectancy (average life expectancy,ALE), the level of death rate, the cause of death, the incidence of infectious diseases from 2002 to 2015, and the trend of incidence of infectious diseases in Minhang District from 1993 to 2015. Results from 1993 to 2015, the ALE of the whole population in Minhang District of Shanghai increased from 71.78 to 83.58 years old, an increase of 11.80 years. Of these, the male increased from 67.34 to 81.37, an increase of 14.03 years, and the female from 76.22 to 85.89, an increase of 9.67 years. In 2015, the crude death rate of residents registered in Minhang District in Shanghai was 755.35 / 10 million, an increase of 21.4545% over 1993 and 2.71% higher than that of 2014; in the same year, The standardized mortality rate of the whole population is 196.07% / 100 000, which is 54.17% lower than 1993, 0.51% lower than 2014. In 2015, the top five causes of death among residents of Minhang District in Shanghai were circulatory diseases, tumors, respiratory diseases, endocrine, etc. Nutritional and metabolic diseases (metabolic diseases) and injury poisoning accounted for 91.33% of the total deaths in the whole population. 23 kinds of statutory infectious diseases were reported in Minhang District of Shanghai from 2002 to 2015. The cumulative number of cases was 62,845 cases and 152 cases of death. The total reported incidence of infectious diseases increased by 291.98% (ZT10943.83 P0.001) in 14 years, and still showed an upward trend after standardization. In 2015, the top five infectious diseases were hand, foot and mouth disease (hand foot and mouth disease,HFMD), scarlet fever, syphilis, tuberculosis and hepatitis B. Conclusion for many years, Minhang District of Shanghai has implemented the requirement of "integrating health into all policies" by integrating the resources of medical and health institutions at all levels in the region. The average life expectancy of residents is at a high level. The comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases and the prevention and control of major infectious diseases are still the focus of public health work in the future.
【作者單位】： 上海市閔行區(qū)疾病預(yù)防控制中心;上海市閔行區(qū)衛(wèi)生和計劃生育委員會;
【基金】：上海市研究生教育創(chuàng)新計劃 上海市公共衛(wèi)生與預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)Ⅰ類高峰學(xué)科建設(shè)計劃~~
【分類號】：R181.3

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