發(fā)布時間：2018-08-18 21:34

【摘要】：目的 隨著性觀念的開放，青少年婚前性行為增多，導(dǎo)致未婚女性人工流產(chǎn)率及重復(fù)流產(chǎn)率居高不下，嚴重危害著未婚青少年的身心健康。本研究旨在了解未婚女性人工流產(chǎn)與流產(chǎn)后服務(wù)現(xiàn)狀，探索未婚女性重復(fù)流產(chǎn)影響因素，為保護其生殖健康，完善我國流產(chǎn)后服務(wù)體系提供依據(jù)。 方法 采用現(xiàn)況研究方法，對2010年7月-2011年1月，到山西省6所醫(yī)院進行人工流產(chǎn)的18-24歲的492例未婚女性進行問卷調(diào)查，收集其人工流產(chǎn)知識、態(tài)度、行為的資料，應(yīng)用EpiData軟件錄入、SPSS13.0軟件分析資料，了解未婚女性人流和流產(chǎn)后服務(wù)現(xiàn)狀，并將其分成重復(fù)流產(chǎn)組(163例)和首次流產(chǎn)組(329例)，使用多因素Logistic回歸模型和決策樹模型探討未婚女性重復(fù)流產(chǎn)影響因素。 結(jié)果 (1)研究對象平均年齡為21.62±1.82歲，52.6%為非本市戶口，47.9%為大專及以上學(xué)歷，職業(yè)為公司職員、學(xué)生、服務(wù)員的分別占20.5%、20.9%、23.0%，73.6%不與父母同住，與父親和母親交流性話題的分別占5.3%和48.8%。 (2)研究對象中，58.9%同意雙方愿意就可婚前性行為，44.1%同意婚前性行為可判斷雙方是否合適，17.3%認為一夜情可以接受，86.0%同意今后避孕，79.5%需要生殖健康知識。 (3)研究對象性病與妊娠知識得分的均分為5.74±1.69(滿分9分)，避孕知識得分的均分為4.50±1.87(滿分8分)，85.6%通過電視/電臺/網(wǎng)絡(luò)獲得以上知識。 (4)研究對象中，57.5%首次性行為年齡為19-21歲，36.8%有兩個性伴以上，13.2%每次都避孕，84.9%選擇避孕套，未堅持避孕者45.7%認為偶爾的性行為不會懷孕；33.1%為重復(fù)流產(chǎn)、最多流產(chǎn)5次，62.0%距上次流產(chǎn)時間在6個月內(nèi)；此次懷孕，，62.6%的研究對象因為未避孕。 (5)醫(yī)生服務(wù)態(tài)度較好，對流產(chǎn)知識有一定宣教，但50.8%的研究對象未被介紹避孕方法的種類，69.9%未被介紹避孕藥具的使用方法，98.4%和88.6%未被提供避孕藥具、介紹到其他地方進行計劃生育宣教。 (6)研究提示：學(xué)歷、職業(yè)、性伴個數(shù)、避孕頻率、距首次性行為時間、性伴了解避孕知識情況、性伴關(guān)心避孕問題情況、是否同居、了解生殖健康知識情況為未婚女性重復(fù)流產(chǎn)的影響因素。 結(jié)論 (1)未婚人流女性多為外來人口，職業(yè)多為服務(wù)員、學(xué)生，與父母同住者較少，且很少與父母交流性話題。 (2)未婚人流女性對婚前性行為的態(tài)度開放，對今后避孕和需要生殖健康知識持肯定態(tài)度。 (3)未婚人流女性生殖健康知識多來自于網(wǎng)絡(luò)、書籍，對這方面知識的掌握程度不夠深入，且有一些錯誤的概念和認知。 (4)只有少數(shù)未婚人流女性堅持每次避孕，避孕措施多使用安全套，此次流產(chǎn)距上次流產(chǎn)時間較短。 (5)醫(yī)生服務(wù)態(tài)度好，對流產(chǎn)知識有一定的宣教，但計劃生育服務(wù)欠缺。 (6)多因素Logistic回歸與決策樹模型綜合應(yīng)用效果良好，提示未婚女性學(xué)歷低，無職業(yè)，性伴個數(shù)多，避孕頻率低，距首次性行為時間長，有同居生活，了解生殖健康知識少，性伴對避孕知識了解少、對避孕問題關(guān)心少，發(fā)生重復(fù)流產(chǎn)的可能性大。
[Abstract]:objective
With the opening of sexual concepts, teenagers'premarital sexual behavior increases, which leads to the high rate of induced abortion and repeated abortion among unmarried women, seriously endangering the physical and mental health of unmarried teenagers. Provide the basis for health and improve the service system after abortion.
Method
A questionnaire survey was conducted among 492 unmarried women aged 18-24 who had induced abortion in 6 hospitals of Shanxi Province from July 2010 to January 2011. The data of knowledge, attitude and behavior about induced abortion were collected. EpiData and SPSS13.0 software were used to input the data and analyze the status quo of service for unmarried women after induced abortion. They were divided into repetitive abortion group (163 cases) and first abortion group (329 cases). Multivariate logistic regression model and decision tree model were used to explore the influencing factors of repetitive abortion in unmarried women.
Result
(1) The average age of the subjects was 21.62 [1.82], 52.6% were non-registered permanent residence, 47.9% were college graduates or above, occupations were company staff, students, waiters accounted for 20.5%, 20.9%, 23.0%, 73.6% did not live with their parents, and communication with their father and mother accounted for 5.3% and 48.8% respectively.
(2) Among the subjects, 58.9% agreed that they would have premarital sex, 44.1% agreed that premarital sex was appropriate, 17.3% agreed that one-night stand was acceptable, 86.0% agreed to contraception in the future, and 79.5% needed reproductive health knowledge.
(3) The average score of STD and pregnancy knowledge was 5.74 (+ 1.69), contraceptive knowledge was 4.50 (+ 1.87) and 85.6% of the subjects got the above knowledge through TV / radio / network.
(4) Among the subjects, 57.5% had first sexual intercourse between 19 and 21 years old, 36.8% had more than two partners, 13.2% had contraception every time, 84.9% chose condom, 45.7% did not insist on contraception, 33.1% had repeated abortion, up to 5 abortions, 62.0% had abortion within 6 months; 62.6% of the pregnancies were studied. Elephants do not have contraception.
(5) Doctors had a good attitude toward abortion, but 50.8% of the subjects were not introduced to the types of contraceptive methods, 69.9% were not introduced to the use of contraceptives, 98.4% and 88.6% were not provided with contraceptives and introduced to other places for family planning education.
(6) The study suggested that educational background, occupation, number of sexual partners, contraceptive frequency, time from first sexual intercourse, knowledge of contraception among sexual partners, concern about contraception among sexual partners, cohabitation and reproductive health knowledge were the influencing factors of repeated abortion among unmarried women.
conclusion
(1) Most of the unmarried abortion women are migrants, most of them are waiters, students, less people live with their parents, and seldom communicate with their parents about sex.
(2) Unmarried abortion women are open to premarital sexual behavior and are positive about contraception and the need for reproductive health knowledge in the future.
(3) Unmarried abortion women's reproductive health knowledge is mostly from the network, books, knowledge of this level is not deep enough, and there are some wrong concepts and cognition.
(4) Only a small number of unmarried abortion women adhere to every contraceptive, contraceptive measures to use condoms, the abortion from the last time is shorter.
(5) doctors have good service attitude, and have certain propaganda for abortion knowledge, but family planning services are lacking.
(6) Multivariate logistic regression and decision tree model showed good results in comprehensive application, suggesting that unmarried women had low educational background, no occupation, more sexual partners, low contraceptive frequency, long distance from first sexual intercourse, cohabitation life, less knowledge of reproductive health, less knowledge of contraception, less concern about contraceptive problems, and the possibility of repeated abortion. Big.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R169.1

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