【摘要】：[目的]通過SCL-90癥狀自評量表及自制女性生殖健康知識問卷調查未婚人工流產女性術前的心理狀況、生殖健康知識知曉情況及相關健康信息需求,評估并分析影響女性心理狀況及生殖健康知識的因素,為未婚人工流產女性的心理護理及青少年性知識教育提供依據(jù),為下一步的流產后女性健康關愛服務提供依據(jù)。 [方法]選擇2010年9月1日至2011年6月30日在廣西區(qū)內的三家醫(yī)院(廣西醫(yī)科大學第一附屬醫(yī)院、玉林婦幼保健院和桂林銀海醫(yī)院)的婦產科門診進行人工流產的1159例未婚女性作為研究對象,調查女性的生殖健康知識情況(采用自制的生殖健康問卷)和未婚女性的心理狀況(SCL-90癥狀自評量表),并與全國常模、廣西女性常模進行對比,研究其心理狀況以及民族、文化程度、生殖健康問卷得分情況對其心理狀況的影響。研究對象的1159例女性為研究組,全國常模、廣西女性常模為對照組。采用SPSS16.0統(tǒng)計軟件包對收集到的資料進行描述性分析、Kruskal-Wallis H檢驗、兩獨立樣本t檢驗、方差分析、多元線性逐步回歸分析和Spearman檢驗。 [結果](1)女性生殖健康知識問卷得分為75.13±10.64分,87.4%人的生殖健康知識處于中等偏差或者較差水平；(2)68.3%的人知曉1-2種避孕方法,92.0%知道緊急避孕藥不可經常服用,其中2.5%完全不懂避孕；(3)46.4%的人認為本次避孕失敗的主要原因為未采取任何避孕措施(其中2.9%的女性從未采取任何避孕措施)；(4)13.6%的人認為應在13歲之前普及性健康教育,35.0%認為在13-15歲普及性健康教育,僅16.8%認為在18歲以后普及性健康教育；(5)通過單因素分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)生殖健康知識問卷得分受民族、文化程度、手術方式、人工流產次數(shù)及上次人工流產時間的影響；多因素分析進入多元回歸方程的變量有4個,影響大小依次為：上次流產時間、文147.26±43.47分,敏感因子得分最高,為1.84±0.48分；恐怖因子得分最低,為1.42±0.53分；(化程度、年齡和醫(yī)院；(6)SCL-90癥狀自評量表總分為7)研究組SCL-90得分與全國常模相比,除抑郁因子外,其余各因子得分差異均具有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)；與全國青年常模②對比中,各因子得分均高于常模；在與廣西女性常模①對比中,各因子均高于常模,差異具有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)；(8)除抑郁、敵對、偏執(zhí)和精神病性因子外,未婚人工流產女性中學生組與全國大學生常模SCL-90癥狀自評量表的其余因子得分差異均具有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.05)。 [結論](1)未婚人工流產女性生殖健康知識掌握處于中等偏差或者較差水平；(2)未婚人工流產女性避孕方法知曉率有所提高,但是避孕措施的采用率及正確使用率較低,同時對人工流產的近遠期并發(fā)癥了解較少,本研究為女性流產后關愛服務的開展提供了理論指導；(3)影響未婚人工流產女性生殖健康知識得分的因素有：上次流產時間、文化程度、年齡和醫(yī)院；(4)未婚人工流產女性心理狀況較差,其中學生的心理狀況較其他未婚女性心理狀況更差；(5)影響未婚人工流產女性心理狀況的因素主要有民族、文化程度和流產次數(shù)；(6)針對不同人群進行相對應的心理指導,同時講解手術的相關注意事項,對改善手術女性的心理狀況是十分有必要的。
[Abstract]:[Objective] To investigate the preoperative psychological status, reproductive health knowledge and related health information needs of unmarried women undergoing induced abortion by SCL-90 symptom checklist and self-made female reproductive health knowledge questionnaire, and to evaluate and analyze the factors influencing women's psychological status and reproductive health knowledge, so as to provide psychological care for unmarried women undergoing induced abortion. And adolescent sex education to provide the basis for the next step after the abortion of women's health care services to provide the basis.
[Methods] From September 1, 2010 to June 30, 2011, 1159 unmarried women who underwent induced abortion in the gynecology and obstetrics clinics of three hospitals in Guangxi (First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Yulin Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Guilin Yinhai Hospital) were selected as the subjects to investigate their reproductive health knowledge (using self-made reproductive health knowledge). Health Questionnaire (HSQ) and SCL-90 Symptom Checklist (SCL-90) were used to investigate the psychological status of unmarried women, and compared with the national norm and Guangxi female norm. SPSS16.0 statistical software package was used to analyze the collected data descriptively, Kruskal-Wallis H test, two independent samples t test, variance analysis, multiple linear stepwise regression analysis and Spearman test.
[Results] (1) The score of Female Reproductive Health Knowledge Questionnaire was 75.13 [10.64], 87.4% of them were in the middle deviation or poor level of reproductive health knowledge; (2) 68.3% of them knew 1-2 contraceptive methods, 92.0% knew that emergency contraceptives could not be used frequently, 2.5% of them did not know contraceptives at all; (3) 46.4% thought that the main reason of the failure of contraception was due to the fact that emergency contraceptives could not be used frequently. Because no contraceptive measures were taken (2.9% of the women had never taken any contraceptive measures); (4) 13.6% thought that sexual health education should be popularized before the age of 13, 35.0% thought that sexual health education should be popularized at the age of 13-15, only 16.8% thought that sexual health education should be popularized after the age of 18; (5) through single factor analysis, reproductive health knowledge questionnaire was found. The scores were influenced by nationality, education level, operation method, times of induced abortion and time of last induced abortion; 4 variables entered the multiple regression equation by multivariate analysis, and the influencing magnitude was as follows: time of last abortion, 147.26 (+ 43.47), sensitive factor score was the highest, 1.84 (+ 0.48); terror factor score was the lowest, 1.42 (+ 0.5). The score of SCL-90 in the study group was significantly higher than that of the national norm (P 0.05), except for the depression factor, the scores of the other factors were statistically significant (P 0.05); compared with the National Youth norm (P 0.05), the scores of each factor were higher than that of the norm; In addition to depression, hostility, paranoia and psychiatric factors, unmarried induced abortion female middle school students and the national norm SCL-90 symptom checklist scores of other factors were statistically significant (P 0.05).
[Conclusion] (1) Unmarried abortion women's knowledge of reproductive health is in a moderate deviation or poor level; (2) Unmarried abortion women's awareness of contraceptive methods has improved, but the rate of contraceptive use and correct use is low, while the understanding of the short-term and long-term complications of induced abortion is less, this study is for women after abortion. The development of love services provides theoretical guidance; (3) Factors affecting the scores of unmarried abortion women's reproductive health knowledge include: the time of last abortion, educational level, age and hospital; (4) unmarried abortion women's psychological status is worse, and the psychological status of students is worse than that of other unmarried women; (5) the impact of unmarried women's psychological status; The main psychological factors of abortion women are nationality, educational level and times of abortion. (6) It is necessary to give corresponding psychological guidance to different groups of people and explain the relevant points for attention in operation.
【學位授予單位】：廣西醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R169.4

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