【摘要】：研究目的 檢驗(yàn)控?zé)煈B(tài)度及參照規(guī)范(組織規(guī)范、主觀規(guī)范)對(duì)吸煙行為及二手煙暴露的影響,為無煙校園政策倡導(dǎo)促動(dòng)提供依據(jù)。 研究方法 本研究為獲取醫(yī)學(xué)生數(shù)據(jù),樣本從江浙滬地區(qū)10所醫(yī)學(xué)院校獲取。研究?jī)?nèi)容包括醫(yī)學(xué)生吸煙行為及二手煙暴露情況、控?zé)煈B(tài)度、組織規(guī)范及主觀規(guī)范。采用SPSS20.0for Windows軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。采用描述性分析、χ2檢驗(yàn)(Pearson χ2、列聯(lián)系數(shù)以及線性趨勢(shì)檢驗(yàn))、logistic回歸等方法分析資料。 研究結(jié)果 本研究共發(fā)放問卷1735份,回收有效問卷1620份。其中吸煙人數(shù)為93人,吸煙率為5.7%；報(bào)告不吸煙的醫(yī)學(xué)生中,二手煙暴露的672人,暴露率為44.0%。 男性醫(yī)學(xué)生吸煙率為11.8%,女性的為1.6%,前者高于后者(P0.01)；60.8%的醫(yī)學(xué)生有非常積極的公共控?zé)煈B(tài)度,研究結(jié)果顯示：公共控?zé)煈B(tài)度越積極,吸煙率越低(P0.01)。59.0%的學(xué)生報(bào)告其所在學(xué)校有禁止室內(nèi)吸煙的政策,60.6%的學(xué)生對(duì)政策的執(zhí)行力表示認(rèn)同,學(xué)�？�?zé)熣邎?zhí)行得到認(rèn)同的學(xué)生吸煙率遠(yuǎn)低于認(rèn)為政策未執(zhí)行的(P0.01)；朋友規(guī)范陽性率為10.2%,研究結(jié)果顯示朋友規(guī)范與吸煙率密切相關(guān)(P0.01)。吸煙行為影響因素的多因素logistic回歸結(jié)果顯示：積極的控?zé)煈B(tài)度是保護(hù)因素,朋友規(guī)范陽性是危險(xiǎn)因素,相較于無校園控?zé)熣?校園內(nèi)全面煙草限制但政策未執(zhí)行是危險(xiǎn)因素。 男性二手煙暴露率為47.5%,女性為41.9%,男性二手煙暴露情況比女性嚴(yán)重(P0.01)。年級(jí)(P0.05)、學(xué)�？�?zé)焾?zhí)行情況(P0.01)、朋友規(guī)范(P0.01)、家人規(guī)范(P0.05)與二手煙暴露密切關(guān)聯(lián)。二手煙暴露影響因素的有序logistic回歸結(jié)果提示：相較于校園內(nèi)無煙草限制,部分校園內(nèi)煙草限制但政策未執(zhí)行的二手煙暴露情況是危險(xiǎn)因素；家人規(guī)范陽性是二手煙暴露的危險(xiǎn)因素。 研究結(jié)論 參照規(guī)范與吸煙行為及二手煙暴露有密切關(guān)系。這些結(jié)果提示無煙校園政策倡導(dǎo)促動(dòng)時(shí)應(yīng)著重考慮培養(yǎng)學(xué)生積極的公共控?zé)煈B(tài)度,加強(qiáng)控?zé)熣叩膱?zhí)行及監(jiān)督,關(guān)注朋友及家人規(guī)范陽性的學(xué)生,即有針對(duì)性的強(qiáng)化參照規(guī)范,開發(fā)與文化相適應(yīng)的控?zé)煵呗浴?br/>[Abstract]:Objective to examine the effects of smoking control attitude and reference norms (organizational norm, subjective norm) on smoking behavior and secondhand smoke exposure, and to provide evidence for promoting the policy of smokeless campus. Methods in order to obtain the data of medical students, samples were obtained from 10 medical colleges in Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Shanghai. The study included smoking behavior and exposure to secondhand smoke among medical students, smoking control attitude, organizational norms and subjective norms. SPSS20.0for Windows software was used for statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis, 蠂 2 test (Pearson 蠂 2, column connection number and linear trend test) and logistic regression were used to analyze the data. Results A total of 1735 questionnaires were distributed and 1620 valid questionnaires were collected. The number of smokers was 93, and the smoking rate was 5.7. Among the medical students who reported no smoking, 672 were exposed to secondhand smoke, and the exposure rate was 44.0. The smoking rate of male medical students was 11.8%, and that of female students was 1.6%. The former was higher than the latter (P0.01) 60.8% of the medical students had a very positive public smoking control attitude. The results showed that the more positive the public smoking control attitude, the more positive the public smoking control attitude. The lower the smoking rate (P0.01). 59.0% of the students reported that their school had a policy to prohibit indoor smoking. 60.6% of the students agreed with the implementation of the policy, and the smoking rate of the students who were identified with the implementation of the school smoking control policy was much lower than that of the school that the policy was not implemented (P0.01). The positive rate of friend norm was 10.2. The results showed that the friend norm was closely related to smoking rate (P0.01). The results of logistic regression showed that positive attitude towards tobacco control was a protective factor, positive friend norm was a risk factor. Compared with no campus tobacco control policy, the overall tobacco restriction in campus was not carried out, but the policy was not carried out. The rate of exposure to secondhand smoke was 47.5% in males and 41.9% in females. The exposure rate of secondhand smoke in males was more serious than that in females (P0.01). Grade (P0.05), school smoking control implementation (P0.01), friends norms (P0.01), family norms (P0.05) and secondhand smoke exposure is closely related. The results of orderly logistic regression showed that: compared with no tobacco restriction in campus, secondhand smoke exposure was a risk factor in part of the campus, but the policy was not carried out; Positive family norms are a risk factor for exposure to secondhand smoke. Conclusion reference norms are closely related to smoking behavior and secondhand smoke exposure. These results suggest that the promotion of smokeless campus policy should focus on fostering students' positive public attitude towards tobacco control, strengthening the implementation and supervision of tobacco control policies, and paying attention to students whose friends and family are norm-positive. Develop culturally appropriate tobacco control strategies.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R163

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