【摘要】：第一部分兒童青少年體質(zhì)健康綜合評價方法及其應(yīng)用 目的：構(gòu)建兒童青少年體質(zhì)健康綜合評價指標體系及理論模型，對兒童青少年個體、群體體質(zhì)健康狀況進行綜合評價。 方法：查閱大量相關(guān)文獻，運用專題小組討論、選題小組討論和專家評估討論等方法建立兒童青少年體質(zhì)健康綜合評價指標體系；應(yīng)用德爾菲法搜集咨詢專家的意見，采用系統(tǒng)工程中的層次分析法進行量化，最終確定各評價指標的權(quán)重系數(shù)；用整群隨機抽樣方法，在哈爾濱、武漢、湘潭、廣州等4地開展兒童青少年體質(zhì)健康狀況調(diào)查，運用模糊數(shù)學(xué)評判方法對不同地區(qū)兒童青少年的群體體質(zhì)健康狀況進行評價。 結(jié)果：建立了兒童青少年體質(zhì)健康綜合評價方法。確定身體形態(tài)、生理功能、身體素質(zhì)、心理健康、身體健康等評價指標，他們的權(quán)重系數(shù)為0.1535、0.1535、0.2250、0.1535、0.3145。4地區(qū)兒童青少年群體體質(zhì)健康綜合評價，廣州地區(qū)體質(zhì)健康綜合評判分最高為72.6502，其次為湘潭71.5979、哈爾濱71.1200，武漢最低70.8483，差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（p0.05）。 結(jié)論：兒童青少年體質(zhì)健康綜合評價體系能夠有效評估兒童青少年的體質(zhì)健康狀況，4地區(qū)兒童青少年群體體質(zhì)健康比較，廣州優(yōu)于哈爾濱、武漢、湘潭等地。 第二部分超重、肥胖對兒童青少年身體素質(zhì)、心理健康的影響 目的：了解兒童青少年超重、肥胖的發(fā)生情況，分析超重、肥胖對身體素質(zhì)和心理健康的影響，為下一步提高兒童青少年身體、心理健康水平提供可靠的理論依據(jù)。 方法：對4292名兒童青少年肥胖、超重的發(fā)生率在性別及年齡上的分布差異進行比較，并進一步分析超重組、肥胖組兒童青少年和正常組兒童青少年在身體素質(zhì)和心理健康上的差異。 結(jié)果：4292名兒童青少年中，超重和肥胖的發(fā)生率分別為10.41%和5.66%，各年齡段上男生超重和肥胖發(fā)生率均高于女生，差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（p0.05），且兒童青少年肥胖、超重發(fā)生率有隨年齡上升而下降的趨勢；超重組、肥胖組兒童青少年身體素質(zhì)水平較體重正常組差，差異具有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義（p0.05）；超重、肥胖兒童青少年與體重正常兒童青少年相比心理健康受損不明顯（p0.05）。 結(jié)論：超重、肥胖的發(fā)生表現(xiàn)為兒童期高于青少年期，男生高于女生；且伴隨著超重肥胖的出現(xiàn)，會對男、女生的身心健康產(chǎn)生一系列影響。
[Abstract]:The first part is the comprehensive evaluation method of physical health of children and adolescents and its application objective: to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system and a theoretical model for the physical health of children and adolescents. The group constitution health condition carries on the comprehensive appraisal. Methods: a large number of relevant documents were reviewed, and the methods of panel discussion, topic selection discussion and expert evaluation were used to establish a comprehensive evaluation index system for children and adolescents' physical health, and Delphi method was used to collect the opinions of consulting experts. Using the analytic hierarchy process in system engineering to quantify and finally determine the weight coefficients of each evaluation index; using cluster random sampling method to carry out physical health investigation of children and adolescents in Harbin, Wuhan, Xiangtan, Guangzhou, etc. The physical health status of children and adolescents in different areas was evaluated by fuzzy mathematics evaluation method. Results: a comprehensive evaluation method of physical health of children and adolescents was established. To determine the evaluation indexes of body shape, physiological function, physical fitness, mental health, physical health and so on, their weight coefficient was 0.15350.1535 / 0.2250 / 0.1535 / 0.3145.4 Comprehensive evaluation of physical health of children and adolescents in the area. The highest score of comprehensive evaluation of physical health in Guangzhou was 72.6502, followed by Xiangtan 71.5979, Harbin 71.1200, Wuhan the lowest 70.8483, the difference was statistically significant (p0.05). Conclusion: the comprehensive evaluation system of physical health of children and adolescents can effectively evaluate the physical health status of children and adolescents. Guangzhou is better than Harbin Wuhan Xiangtan and so on. The second part is the influence of overweight and obesity on the physical quality and mental health of children and adolescents objective: to understand the occurrence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents, and to analyze the effects of overweight and obesity on physical fitness and mental health. To provide a reliable theoretical basis for the next step to improve the physical and mental health of children and adolescents. Methods: 4292 children and adolescents who were obese and overweight were compared in sex and age distribution, and the superrecombination was analyzed. Differences in physical and mental health between obese and normal children and adolescents. Results among 4292 children and adolescents, the prevalence of overweight and obesity were 10.41% and 5.66%, respectively. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in boys was higher than that in girls in all ages (p0.05). The incidence of overweight decreased with age, and the physical quality of children and adolescents in overweight group was worse than that in normal group (p0.05). The mental health impairment of obese children and adolescents was not significant compared with normal weight children and adolescents (p0.05). Conclusion: the occurrence of overweight and obesity is higher in childhood than in adolescence and higher in boys than in girls, and the appearance of overweight and obesity will have a series of effects on the physical and mental health of boys and girls.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R179

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