【摘要】：現(xiàn)狀：（1）隨著國民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，蘇州地區(qū)的工業(yè)規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)張，企業(yè)中硫酸的使用大量增加，并且領(lǐng)域廣泛，接觸者眾多，大量含硫燃料的使用以及煙花爆竹等含硫產(chǎn)品的大量使用也增加空氣中硫氧化物含量，造成酸雨的機(jī)會(huì)增多，大氣環(huán)境中的硫酸檢測需要尋找適宜方法用來監(jiān)測大氣中硫酸的含量。 （2）本實(shí)驗(yàn)室經(jīng)常接觸到開發(fā)區(qū)區(qū)域內(nèi)諸多企業(yè)的工作場所空氣中的硫酸樣品，隨著區(qū)域不斷發(fā)展，企業(yè)規(guī)模不斷擴(kuò)大，在實(shí)際工作中，工作場所空氣中硫酸檢測需求量不斷增大，所以工作場所空氣中硫酸的檢測也需要尋找適宜的方法。 （3）根據(jù)文獻(xiàn)報(bào)道空氣中硫酸的檢測方法目前大致有直接容量法，溫度-滴定法[1]，化學(xué)重量法，離子色譜法［2］與分光光度法(氯化鋇比濁法，鉻酸鋇比色法)，熒光光譜法等幾種重要方法。 （4）由于每個(gè)分析實(shí)驗(yàn)室的條件相同，需求不同，能力不同，設(shè)備不同，方法的適用性必然不同，面對(duì)這樣的現(xiàn)實(shí)需求，必然要對(duì)檢測方法提出需要比較篩選的必然性和實(shí)用性。因此我們根據(jù)本實(shí)驗(yàn)室現(xiàn)有條件對(duì)常用的幾種能實(shí)際操作檢測方法進(jìn)行比較及篩選。 目的：通過對(duì)作業(yè)場所空氣中硫酸含量檢測方法的篩選研究，比較不同方法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)及適用條件，篩選出最適合本單位的檢測方法，并為具備不同檢測條件和需要的單位和機(jī)構(gòu)提供參考。 方法：通過較為規(guī)范的科研設(shè)計(jì)，對(duì)現(xiàn)有常用的檢測空氣中硫酸含量的方法進(jìn)行對(duì)比研究，通過對(duì)不同方法測量不確定度評(píng)定［3］，精確度和準(zhǔn)確度高低、檢出限高低、操作難易、時(shí)間長短、步驟繁簡、設(shè)備和試劑投入多少、以及個(gè)自適應(yīng)條件等方面的比較，方法研究部分共分五個(gè)部分來揭示五種不同方法的特點(diǎn)和適用條件。測量不確定度是反映檢測結(jié)果可信度的一個(gè)重要參數(shù)，是衡量檢測結(jié)果的重要的指標(biāo)，從而可以直觀地比較出幾種測定方法優(yōu)劣，從而篩選出鑒定檢測中使用的測量空氣中硫酸的最佳方法。 結(jié)果：通過對(duì)溫度-滴定法，化學(xué)重量法，氯化鋇分光光度法和鉻酸鋇分光光度法，離子色譜法這五種常用的不同的測定空氣中硫酸的方法進(jìn)行測量不確定度評(píng)定，精確度和準(zhǔn)確度高低、檢出限高低、操作難易、時(shí)間長短、步驟繁簡、設(shè)備和試劑投入多少、以及個(gè)自適應(yīng)條件等方面的比較與篩選，結(jié)果表明五種方法各有其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)，，綜合比較下來，離子色譜法是最簡單，省時(shí)，經(jīng)濟(jì)，環(huán)保的分析方法。 結(jié)論：離子色譜法測定空氣中硫酸的方法是最佳檢測方法。
[Abstract]:Current situation: (1) with the development of the national economy, the industrial scale in Suzhou is expanding, the use of sulfuric acid in enterprises is increasing, and the field is wide, and the contacts are numerous. The use of a large amount of sulfur-containing fuels, as well as the heavy use of sulfur-containing products such as fireworks and firecrackers, also increase the content of sulphur oxides in the air and increase the chances of acid rain. The detection of sulfuric acid in the atmospheric environment needs to find suitable methods for monitoring the content of sulfuric acid in the atmosphere. (2) our laboratory is in frequent contact with sulphuric acid samples in the workplace of many enterprises in the development zone. With the continuous development of the region and the expansion of the scale of the enterprise, the demand for sulphuric acid detection in the workplace air is increasing in practice. Therefore, the detection of sulfuric acid in the air in the workplace also needs to find a suitable method. (3) according to the literature report, there are direct volumetric method, temperature-titration method [1], chemical gravimetric method. Ion chromatography [2] is different from spectrophotometry (barium chloride turbidimetry, barium chromate colorimetry), fluorescence spectrometry and other important methods. (4) because of the same conditions, different requirements, different capabilities and different equipments in each analytical laboratory, The applicability of the method must be different. In the face of such a realistic demand, it is necessary to put forward the necessity and practicability of comparison screening for the detection method. Therefore, according to the existing conditions of our laboratory, we compare and screen several commonly used practical detection methods. Objective: to compare the advantages and disadvantages and applicable conditions of different methods for the determination of sulfuric acid in the air of workplace, and to select the most suitable method for the determination of sulfuric acid in the air of the workplace. And provides the reference for the unit and the organization which has the different examination condition and the need. Methods: through the more standard scientific research design, the present commonly used methods to detect the sulfuric acid content in the air were compared and studied. [3] the accuracy and accuracy of the different methods were evaluated, and the detection limit was high and low. Compared with the easy operation, the length of time, the complexity of steps, the amount of equipment and reagent input, and an adaptive condition, the method research part is divided into five parts to reveal the characteristics and applicable conditions of five different methods. The uncertainty of measurement is an important parameter to reflect the reliability of the test results and an important index to measure the test results. Thus, several measuring methods can be compared intuitively. Therefore, the best method for the determination of sulfuric acid in air was selected. Results: the uncertainty of measurement of sulfuric acid in air was evaluated by temperature titration, chemical gravimetry, barium chloride spectrophotometry, barium chromate spectrophotometry and ion chromatography. The comparison and screening of accuracy and accuracy, detection limit, operation difficulty, length of time, step complexity, input of equipment and reagent, and an adaptive condition show that each of the five methods has its own advantages and disadvantages. Compared with each other, ion chromatography is the most simple, time-saving, economical and environmental-friendly analytical method. Conclusion: ion chromatography is the best method for the determination of sulfuric acid in air.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘇州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：R122.1

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