基于人體腎功能的尿鎘、大米鎘和土壤鎘基準(zhǔn)劑量研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-03 21:29
【摘要】：目的:1.了解湖北某非典型鎘污染地區(qū)人群腎功能健康情況,估算尿鎘(Urinary Cadmium,U-Cd)基準(zhǔn)計(jì)量(Benchmark dose,BMD)及其下限值(Lower Confidence Limit of the Benchmark Dose,BMDL);2.建立土壤鎘(Soil Cadmium,S-Cd)含量和大米鎘(Rice Cadmium,R-Cd)與腎功能損傷之間的關(guān)聯(lián)性研究,探索S-Cd和R-Cd與腎功能健康效應(yīng)指標(biāo)尿N-乙酰-β-D-氨基葡萄糖苷酶(Urinary N-Acety-β-D-Glucosaminidase,U-NAG)和尿 β_2-微球蛋白(Urinary β_2-Microglobulin,U-β_2MG)之間的劑量效應(yīng)關(guān)系,估算二者的BMD/BMDL。方法:選擇湖北省某非典型鎘污染地區(qū)作為調(diào)查地點(diǎn),選取該地區(qū)5個(gè)行政區(qū)居民作為調(diào)查對(duì)象,通過(guò)發(fā)放調(diào)查問(wèn)卷的方式采集調(diào)查人群基本信息。在第一階段的研究中,采集目標(biāo)人群1(共1828人)的晨尿并且檢測(cè)其中U-Cd、U-NAG以及U-β_2MG的含量,用回歸分析及卡方檢驗(yàn)等相關(guān)分析方法探究U-Cd與效應(yīng)指標(biāo)U-NAG和U-β_2MG之間的關(guān)系,并用基準(zhǔn)計(jì)量軟件(Benchmark dose system,BMDS)評(píng)估U-Cd的BMD和BMDL;在第二階段研究中,采集目標(biāo)人群2(共97人)的晨尿、他們所食用的大米樣品及種植對(duì)應(yīng)該水稻的土壤樣品,用相關(guān)分析、回歸分析、卡方檢驗(yàn)及通徑分析等方法探究S-Cd、R-Cd與U-Cd、U-NAG和U-β_2MG之間的關(guān)系,用BMDS軟件評(píng)估S-Cd和R-Cd的BMD/BMDL。結(jié)果:第一階段研究結(jié)果顯示,調(diào)查人群中U-Cd、U-NAG和U-β_2MG水平均存在一定程度的超標(biāo)現(xiàn)象;經(jīng)線性回歸分析、卡方檢驗(yàn)及線性卡方檢驗(yàn)確定,U-NAG和U-β_2MG水平與U-Cd之間均存在顯著正向關(guān)系,且U-β_2MG較U-NAG更為明顯;經(jīng)BMDS軟件估算表明,當(dāng)以U-β_2MG作為效應(yīng)指標(biāo)時(shí)得到男性人群U-Cd的 BMDL 值為 1.19 μg/g Cr,女性 1.09 μg/g Cr,總?cè)巳? 19 μg/g Cr。得到 U-Cd的BMDL都比國(guó)內(nèi)鎘污染區(qū)暴露人群的U-Cd接觸限值5 μg/g Cr低很多。第二階段研究結(jié)果,該地區(qū)S-Cd含量超標(biāo)率為57.73%,R-Cd含量超標(biāo)率為17.53%。由此可見(jiàn),該地區(qū)的土壤鎘以及大米鎘污染情況已經(jīng)非常嚴(yán)重;經(jīng)相關(guān)分析、通徑分析等確定大米鎘含量與土壤鎘含量之間存在顯著正向相關(guān)關(guān)系,土壤鎘和大米鎘均與U-Cd、U-NAG和U-[β_2MG之間存在顯著相關(guān)關(guān)系;將土壤鎘和大米鎘含量數(shù)據(jù)處理為二分類數(shù)據(jù),用BMDS軟件估算這二者的限值水平。得到土壤鎘的BMD/BMDL 為 0.18/0.14 mg/kg,大米鎘的 BMD/BMDL 為 0.09/0.06 mg/kg。結(jié)論:1.證實(shí)了土壤中的鎘通過(guò)水稻根部吸附進(jìn)而在人體中富集的這一遷移路線,說(shuō)明土壤鎘和大米鎘可作為環(huán)境鎘污染的監(jiān)測(cè)指標(biāo),在環(huán)境鎘暴露評(píng)估中實(shí)施。2.以較為敏感的U-β_2MG作為效應(yīng)指標(biāo)得到U-Cd的BMDL水平為1.09-1.19 μg/g Cr,低于國(guó)內(nèi)鎘污染區(qū)暴露人群的U-Cd接觸限值5 μg/g Cr。建議在進(jìn)行環(huán)境鎘污染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估時(shí),采用較為敏感的U-β_2MG作為效應(yīng)指標(biāo),適當(dāng)降低U-Cd的生物接觸限值。3.以較為敏感的U-β_2MG作為效應(yīng)指標(biāo)得到土壤鎘BMDL為0.14mg/kg,大米鎘的BMDL為0.06 mg/kg,均低于我國(guó)現(xiàn)行的相關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。與日本相關(guān)研究比較,結(jié)果也非常相近。建議在土壤鎘和大米鎘標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的制定中適當(dāng)降低其限值水平。
[Abstract]:Objective: 1. to understand the health of renal function in a population of atypical cadmium pollution in Hubei, and to estimate the Urinary Cadmium (U-Cd) baseline measurement (Benchmark dose, BMD) and its lower limits (Lower Confidence Limit of the Benchmark); and 2. to establish soil cadmium content and rice cadmium and kidney function loss. The relationship between S-Cd and R-Cd and renal function health effect index between N- acetyl - beta -D- aminoglucosidase (Urinary N-Acety- beta -D-Glucosaminidase, U-NAG) and urinary beta _2- microglobulin (Urinary beta _2-Microglobulin, U- beta) A typical cadmium contaminated area was used as the survey site, and 5 residents in the area were selected as the investigation object to collect the basic information of the population by issuing questionnaires. In the first stage, the morning urine of 1 (1828 people) of the target population was collected and the content of U-Cd, U-NAG and U- beta _2MG were detected, and the regression analysis and card were used. The relationship between U-Cd and effect index U-NAG and U- beta _2MG was explored by square test and other correlation analysis methods, and BMD and BMDL on U-Cd (Benchmark dose system, BMDS) were used to evaluate the BMD and BMDL of U-Cd. In the second stage, the morning urine of 2 (97 people) of the target population, the rice samples they were eaten and the soil samples of the rice were planted. The correlation analysis, regression analysis, chi square test and path analysis were used to explore the relationship between S-Cd, R-Cd and U-Cd, U-NAG and U- beta _2MG. The BMDS software was used to evaluate the BMD/BMDL. results of S-Cd and R-Cd. Analysis, chi square test and linear chi square test confirmed that there was a significant positive relationship between U-NAG and U- beta _2MG level and U-Cd, and U- beta _2MG was more obvious than U-NAG. The BMDS software estimated that when U- beta _2MG was used as the effect index, the BMDL value of U-Cd in male population was 1.19 mu, and the total population was 119 mu. The BMDL of U-Cd to U-Cd was much lower than that of the domestic exposed population exposed to cadmium 5 mu g/g Cr. The second stage results showed that the excess rate of S-Cd content in this area was 57.73%, the excess rate of R-Cd content was 17.53%., and the soil cadmium and rice and cadmium pollution in this area were very serious; through correlation analysis, path analysis and so on There is a significant positive correlation between the content of rice and cadmium and the content of cadmium in soil. There is a significant correlation between cadmium and rice and cadmium in soil and U-Cd, U-NAG and U-[beta _2MG. The data of cadmium and rice and cadmium in soil are processed into two classification data, and BMDS software is used to estimate the limit level of the two. The BMD/BMDL of soil cadmium is 0.18/0.14 mg/ Kg, the BMD/BMDL of rice cadmium is 0.09/0.06 mg/kg. conclusion: 1. confirms the migration route of cadmium in soil by adsorption of rice root and then in human body. It shows that soil cadmium and rice and cadmium can be used as monitoring indexes of environmental cadmium pollution. In environmental cadmium exposure assessment,.2. is more sensitive U- beta _2MG as the effect index. The BMDL level of U-Cd is 1.09-1.19 mu g/g Cr, which is lower than the U-Cd contact limit of exposed population in the domestic cadmium polluted area. 5 mu g/g Cr. suggests that the sensitive U- beta _2MG is used as the effect index when evaluating the risk of environmental cadmium pollution. The cadmium BMDL is 0.14mg/kg and the BMDL of rice and cadmium is 0.06 mg/kg, which are lower than the relevant standards in China. Compared with the related studies in Japan, the results are very similar. It is suggested that the limit level of the soil cadmium and rice cadmium standards should be reduced properly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R114
本文編號(hào)：2163047
[Abstract]:Objective: 1. to understand the health of renal function in a population of atypical cadmium pollution in Hubei, and to estimate the Urinary Cadmium (U-Cd) baseline measurement (Benchmark dose, BMD) and its lower limits (Lower Confidence Limit of the Benchmark); and 2. to establish soil cadmium content and rice cadmium and kidney function loss. The relationship between S-Cd and R-Cd and renal function health effect index between N- acetyl - beta -D- aminoglucosidase (Urinary N-Acety- beta -D-Glucosaminidase, U-NAG) and urinary beta _2- microglobulin (Urinary beta _2-Microglobulin, U- beta) A typical cadmium contaminated area was used as the survey site, and 5 residents in the area were selected as the investigation object to collect the basic information of the population by issuing questionnaires. In the first stage, the morning urine of 1 (1828 people) of the target population was collected and the content of U-Cd, U-NAG and U- beta _2MG were detected, and the regression analysis and card were used. The relationship between U-Cd and effect index U-NAG and U- beta _2MG was explored by square test and other correlation analysis methods, and BMD and BMDL on U-Cd (Benchmark dose system, BMDS) were used to evaluate the BMD and BMDL of U-Cd. In the second stage, the morning urine of 2 (97 people) of the target population, the rice samples they were eaten and the soil samples of the rice were planted. The correlation analysis, regression analysis, chi square test and path analysis were used to explore the relationship between S-Cd, R-Cd and U-Cd, U-NAG and U- beta _2MG. The BMDS software was used to evaluate the BMD/BMDL. results of S-Cd and R-Cd. Analysis, chi square test and linear chi square test confirmed that there was a significant positive relationship between U-NAG and U- beta _2MG level and U-Cd, and U- beta _2MG was more obvious than U-NAG. The BMDS software estimated that when U- beta _2MG was used as the effect index, the BMDL value of U-Cd in male population was 1.19 mu, and the total population was 119 mu. The BMDL of U-Cd to U-Cd was much lower than that of the domestic exposed population exposed to cadmium 5 mu g/g Cr. The second stage results showed that the excess rate of S-Cd content in this area was 57.73%, the excess rate of R-Cd content was 17.53%., and the soil cadmium and rice and cadmium pollution in this area were very serious; through correlation analysis, path analysis and so on There is a significant positive correlation between the content of rice and cadmium and the content of cadmium in soil. There is a significant correlation between cadmium and rice and cadmium in soil and U-Cd, U-NAG and U-[beta _2MG. The data of cadmium and rice and cadmium in soil are processed into two classification data, and BMDS software is used to estimate the limit level of the two. The BMD/BMDL of soil cadmium is 0.18/0.14 mg/ Kg, the BMD/BMDL of rice cadmium is 0.09/0.06 mg/kg. conclusion: 1. confirms the migration route of cadmium in soil by adsorption of rice root and then in human body. It shows that soil cadmium and rice and cadmium can be used as monitoring indexes of environmental cadmium pollution. In environmental cadmium exposure assessment,.2. is more sensitive U- beta _2MG as the effect index. The BMDL level of U-Cd is 1.09-1.19 mu g/g Cr, which is lower than the U-Cd contact limit of exposed population in the domestic cadmium polluted area. 5 mu g/g Cr. suggests that the sensitive U- beta _2MG is used as the effect index when evaluating the risk of environmental cadmium pollution. The cadmium BMDL is 0.14mg/kg and the BMDL of rice and cadmium is 0.06 mg/kg, which are lower than the relevant standards in China. Compared with the related studies in Japan, the results are very similar. It is suggested that the limit level of the soil cadmium and rice cadmium standards should be reduced properly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R114
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 南川秀樹(shù);;日本環(huán)境污染治理的經(jīng)驗(yàn)[J];中國(guó)機(jī)構(gòu)改革與管理;2017年01期
2 楊杏芬;吳永寧;;鎘對(duì)人群健康效應(yīng)研究需要注重腎損害水平之下的低劑量暴露[J];中華預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)雜志;2016年04期
3 詹珍潔;陳建業(yè);管克;;溫州市甌海區(qū)市售大米中鉛、鎘、汞污染狀況及健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)[J];中國(guó)衛(wèi)生檢驗(yàn)雜志;2016年06期
4 周科權(quán);陶穎芳;;余姚地區(qū)市售大米鎘污染情況調(diào)查及健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)價(jià)[J];現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科技;2015年07期
5 李浩;柯\~;賈聞婧;張潔瑩;李浩田;成喜雨;胡紅剛;劉澤民;王紅梅;陳志南;;白銀市某鎘污染區(qū)人群尿鎘基準(zhǔn)劑量研究[J];公共衛(wèi)生與預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué);2014年06期
6 賈聞婧;柯\~;胡紅剛;羅惠方;陳志南;;基于日本“痛痛病”的環(huán)境反思[J];綠色科技;2014年07期
7 劉燕蘭;沈艷;;2013年新余市大米鎘污染調(diào)查分析[J];江西化工;2013年04期
8 王文全;鄭春霞;侯靜瑤;;烏魯木齊市米東區(qū)農(nóng)田土壤鎘污染調(diào)查與分析[J];干旱區(qū)資源與環(huán)境;2013年07期
9 茍錫斌;任禮;葉支建;白德瓊;;成都市新都區(qū)大米及土壤中鎘污染調(diào)查[J];預(yù)防醫(yī)學(xué)情報(bào)雜志;2013年05期
10 張曉健;陳超;米子龍;王成坤;;飲用水應(yīng)急除鎘凈水技術(shù)與廣西龍江河突發(fā)環(huán)境事件應(yīng)急處置[J];給水排水;2013年01期
相關(guān)會(huì)議論文 前1條
1 韓光亮;席景磚;李翠梅;王守英;張苗;蔣志剛;;河南某市北郊污水灌溉農(nóng)田土壤鎘污染狀況及評(píng)價(jià)[A];中國(guó)毒理學(xué)會(huì)環(huán)境與生態(tài)毒理學(xué)專業(yè)委員會(huì)第二屆學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)暨中國(guó)環(huán)境科學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與基準(zhǔn)專業(yè)委員會(huì)2011年學(xué)術(shù)研討會(huì)會(huì)議論文集[C];2011年
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 梁藝懷;鎘致腎功能損害的預(yù)后與尿蛋白質(zhì)組[D];復(fù)旦大學(xué);2010年
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 張潔瑩;廣東省某地區(qū)鎘污染損害人體健康調(diào)查研究[D];北京交通大學(xué);2016年
2 賈聞婧;某地區(qū)環(huán)境鎘污染及人體內(nèi)鎘暴露指標(biāo)的研究[D];北京交通大學(xué);2015年
，本文編號(hào)：2163047
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/yixuelunwen/yufangyixuelunwen/2163047.html
最近更新
教材專著
