本文選題：青少年 + 性生殖健康　； 參考：《復旦大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：[目的]了解上海市青少年及人流女性性與生殖健康知識、態(tài)度和行為,發(fā)現(xiàn)意外妊娠的影響因素,從而為開展針對性的健康教育和健康促進、建立適宜的青春期性生殖保健教育和服務模式提供依據(jù)。[方法]本研究對兩部分人群進行研究：1、2012年6-9月,采取方便抽樣的方法,對全市7個區(qū)縣32個中學的學生進行青春期性生殖健康狀況問卷調研,了解青少年的生理、心理和社會關系現(xiàn)狀,青少年健康保健的知識、態(tài)度和行為,青少年保健服務的需求,以及服務中遇到的主要障礙等內容。樣本包括1556名初中生、1490名高中生、2762名職高生。2、2012年3-5月,采取方便抽樣的方法,對本市12個試點區(qū)29家計劃生育手術機構就診的1225名未婚人流青少年女性(10-24歲)進行了現(xiàn)場問卷調研。對10-19歲和19-24歲的人群進行分組,了解本市未婚人流女性對性與生殖健康的知識、態(tài)度和行為情況,并對少女人流(10-19歲組)相關危險因素及性生殖保健服務需求進行了深入的多因素分析。以上數(shù)據(jù)應用Microsoft Visual FoxPro6.0軟件建立數(shù)據(jù)庫,采用EXCEL、SPSS18.0軟件對數(shù)據(jù)進行統(tǒng)計分析；根據(jù)資料的性質分別采用定量分析與定性分析的方法,計量資料采用x±S表示,使用X2檢驗,以P0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。多因素分析采用Logistic回歸分析。[結果](1)15.8%的學生在11歲前開始關注性知識,81.4%的學生在13歲及以前開始關注,男生比例高于女生(p=0.000)；(2)中學生對性傳播疾病和少女妊娠危害的認識不足：(3)學生對談早戀和性行為的態(tài)度普遍比較寬容,僅有45.2%的初中生和29.8%的高中生反對婚前性行為,男女生無統(tǒng)計學差異；(4)有19.4%的普通高中生和25.5%的職校學生有過撫摸等邊緣性行為,而有過性交的普通高中生占7.3%,職校生占18.1%,男生的比例高于女生(p0.005)；(5)使用避孕藥具的比例較低,首次性行為沒有避孕的高中生占70.8%,職校生占60.5%,職校和高中生無統(tǒng)計學差異；(6)學生認為在學校開設青春期性教育課程是必要的,同時希望醫(yī)生參與授課；(7)人流女性年齡處低齡化趨勢,重點人群為非上海戶籍(本市18.60%：外地81.40%)；19歲及以下平均首次性行為年齡為17.66±0.102歲,平均性伴侶數(shù)為1.57±1.31個, 之前平均人流次數(shù)為0.34±0.618；從不采取避孕措施的20-24歲的有12.18%,(8)19歲及以下的占25.30%(p0.01).流產(chǎn)方式以手術流產(chǎn)為主(75.20%),藥物流產(chǎn)占24.80%。兩個年齡組差異無顯著性。(8)人流女性的性生殖健康知識嚴重缺乏,多性伴、多次人流問題突出；(9)人流少女對醫(yī)療機構服務滿意度較低(45.6%)。(10)職業(yè)(學生、待業(yè))、年齡、是否采取避孕措施和性伴數(shù)顯著影響少女人流的次數(shù)(p0.005)。[結論]中學生性與生殖健康教育現(xiàn)狀不容樂觀,亟需科學、適宜的性健康教育。性與生殖健康教育需建立以學校為主,多方參與共同開展青少年性教育和生殖保健的模式。關愛人流少女,規(guī)范醫(yī)療機構少女妊娠服務工作,提升醫(yī)療機構服務能力。構建醫(yī)院-學校-社區(qū)聯(lián)動的青少年性生殖健康三級預防模式,保護和促進青少年性生殖安全和健康。
[Abstract]:[Objective] to understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of female sex and reproductive health in Shanghai, and to find out the influencing factors of accidental pregnancy, so as to provide the basis for developing targeted health education and health promotion and establishing appropriate adolescent reproductive health education and service model. [Methods] this study conducted a study on two parts of the population. 12012 years and 6-9 months, a convenient sampling method was adopted to investigate the adolescent reproductive health status of students in 32 middle schools in 7 districts and counties of the city, to understand the physiological, psychological and social status of adolescents, the knowledge, attitude and behavior of adolescent health care, the needs of youth health care service, and the main obstacles encountered in the service. The sample included 1556 junior high school students, 1490 senior high school students and 2762 vocational high school students in.22012 3-5 months. A convenient sampling method was adopted to investigate 1225 unmarried young women (10-24 years old) of 29 family planning operation institutions in 12 pilot districts of the city. The group was grouped for 10-19 and 19-24 years old. To understand the knowledge, attitude and behavior of female unmarried women to sexual and reproductive health, and to analyze the related risk factors and sexual reproductive health service needs of young girls (10-19 year old group). The above data are used to build a database using Microsoft Visual FoxPro6.0 software, and use EXCEL and SPSS18.0 software for data. Statistical analysis was carried out. According to the nature of the data, quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis were used, the measurement data were expressed in X + S, and X2 test was used. The difference of P0.05 was statistically significant. Logistic regression analysis was used in multifactor analysis. [results] (1) 15.8% of the students began to pay attention to the knowledge before the age of 11, and 81.4% of the students were 13 years old and were at the age of 13. The proportion of boys was higher than that of girls (p=0.000); (2) the awareness of the risk of sexually transmitted diseases and teenage pregnancy was insufficient: (3) the attitudes of students to preterm love and sexual behavior were generally more tolerant, only 45.2% of junior high school students and 29.8% of high school students opposed premarital sex, and there was no statistical difference between men and women; (4) there were 19.4% ordinary people. Senior high school students and 25.5% vocational school students have a touch of borderline behavior, 7.3% of ordinary high school students with sexual intercourse, 18.1% of vocational school students, higher proportion of boys than girls (P0.005); (5) low proportion of contraceptives, 70.8% of high school students without contraception for the first time, 60.5% in vocational school and no statistical difference between vocational school and high school students (6) (6) students believe that it is necessary to set up an adolescent sex education course at school, and at the same time it is necessary for doctors to take part in teaching; (7) the trend of the age of women is low, the key population is non Shanghai domicile (18.60% in the city, 81.40% in the field); the average age of 19 years and below is 17.66 + 0.102 years, and the average number of sexual partners is 1.57 + 1.31. The average number of people was 0.34 + 0.618, 12.18%, 8, 19 years old and 25.30% (P0.01). There was no significant difference in abortion in the two age groups of 24.80%.. (8) there was a severe lack of sexual reproductive health in women with multiple sex, multiple sexual partners, and many people. The flow problem is prominent; (9) the satisfaction of the women with the medical institutions is low (45.6%). (10) the occupation (students, waiting for business), the age, the use of contraception measures and the number of sexual partners significantly affect the number of young girls (P0.005). [Conclusion] the status of sex and reproductive health education in middle school students is not optimistic, and it is urgently needed to be scientific and suitable for sexual and reproductive health education. Health education should be based on schools and participate in the joint development of adolescent sex education and reproductive health care. Care for young girls, standardize the service of young girls in medical institutions and improve the service ability of medical institutions. The three level prevention model of adolescent sexual health for young people in the hospital school community linkage is constructed to protect and promote young people. Sexual reproduction is safe and healthy.
【學位授予單位】：復旦大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R169

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