發(fā)布時間：2018-06-22 11:58

  本文選題：孕產(chǎn)婦 + 健康素養(yǎng)�。� 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：研究背景 健康素養(yǎng)強調(diào)個體運用自身知識、技能,參與健康相關(guān)事務(wù)的能力。目前,我國剖宮產(chǎn)率、巨大兒出生率居高不下,以及不適宜的嬰幼兒喂養(yǎng)等問題非常突出。我國的健康素養(yǎng)研究目前主要集中于健康素養(yǎng)的評估,很少涉及孕產(chǎn)婦健康素養(yǎng)的�？祁I(lǐng)域。更為重要的是,目前我國的孕產(chǎn)婦健康素養(yǎng)研究缺乏對其影響因素的深入分析,特別是產(chǎn)前、產(chǎn)時、產(chǎn)后三個重要時期的結(jié)合。對孕產(chǎn)婦的健康素養(yǎng)水平與妊娠結(jié)局的相關(guān)性研究更是鮮見。 研究目的 了解孕產(chǎn)婦健康素養(yǎng)水平及其妊娠結(jié)局現(xiàn)狀,分析其相關(guān)性,并探討和分析影響孕產(chǎn)婦健康素養(yǎng)水平的相關(guān)因素。提出相關(guān)對策建議,為增進母嬰健康水平提供參考依據(jù)。 資料與方法 本次調(diào)查是對在妊娠晚期來濟南市某“三甲”教學(xué)醫(yī)院門診就診的孕婦,按照既定的納入標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和排除標(biāo)準(zhǔn)采用整體抽樣方法確定調(diào)查對象300名,進行橫斷面調(diào)查。問卷是通過孕婦基本信息、母嬰健康素養(yǎng)測評和產(chǎn)后母嬰狀況三個方面來描述健康素養(yǎng)的分布特征、分析對妊娠結(jié)局的影響及其相關(guān)影響因素。運用spss19.0統(tǒng)計軟件分析數(shù)據(jù)。 主要結(jié)果 1.263名孕產(chǎn)婦具備基本健康素養(yǎng)的比例為1.52%。基本知識知曉率、健康生活方式及行為和健康技能掌握率分別為50.67%、46.39%、48.41%。具備基本健康知識的孕婦的人口特征：25～29歲、大專以上、以從事行政管理為主。具備健康生活方式及行為的人口特征：35歲以上、大專、農(nóng)村務(wù)工人員。具備健康技能人群特征：25～29歲、本科及行政管理。經(jīng)線性回歸模型分析孕婦文化程度、職業(yè)、支付方式、收入水平及產(chǎn)檢次數(shù)是健康素養(yǎng)水平的重要影響因素。 2.對孕產(chǎn)婦健康素養(yǎng)得分與妊娠結(jié)局相關(guān)性調(diào)查表明：健康素養(yǎng)總得分與孕末期增重超過20Kg、巨大兒、剖宮產(chǎn)、產(chǎn)后出血、合并貧血發(fā)生率均呈負相關(guān)(p0.01,p0.05)；與希望自然分娩率和實際自然分娩率呈正相關(guān)(p0.01)；與妊娠期糖尿病發(fā)生率沒有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義,但隨著得分的降低有增高趨勢。35歲以上孕產(chǎn)婦妊娠期糖尿病發(fā)生率最高(58.3%),不同年齡組間有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。健康生活方式及行為得分與希望自然分娩率、實際自然分娩率、陰道助產(chǎn)率呈正相關(guān)(p0.01)；與巨大兒、剖宮產(chǎn)及合并貧血發(fā)生率呈顯著呈負相關(guān)(p0.01)。健康技能得分與產(chǎn)前檢查次數(shù)、自然分娩率及產(chǎn)后半小時內(nèi)哺乳成功率均呈正相關(guān)；與陰道助產(chǎn)率、剖宮產(chǎn)率及合并貧血發(fā)生率呈負相關(guān)(p0.01)。 結(jié)論與建議 結(jié)論： 1.孕產(chǎn)婦健康素養(yǎng)總體水平普遍較低�；局R知曉率好于健康生活方式及行為和健康技能掌握率。具備基本健康知識和技能的人群集中在25-29歲、大專以上及從事行政管理等腦力勞動為主人群。具備健康生活方式及行為人群以35歲以上、大專及農(nóng)村務(wù)工人員為主。 2.文化程度、職業(yè)、支付方式、收入水平及產(chǎn)檢次數(shù)是健康素養(yǎng)水平的重要影響因素。 3.高健康素養(yǎng)水平的孕產(chǎn)婦妊娠結(jié)局良好。衛(wèi)生服務(wù)利用及自然分娩率高,妊娠合并癥及并發(fā)癥發(fā)生率低。 4.確定低健康素養(yǎng)的重點人群：25歲以下和35歲以上、受教育程度較低、以體力勞動為主的人群。尤其是健康知識及技能的培訓(xùn)需要重點加強。建議： 1.首先應(yīng)繼續(xù)加大政府的主導(dǎo)作用。以多種形式開展孕期健康知識普及宣傳。 2.發(fā)揮社區(qū)門診的母嬰保健作用。醫(yī)院與社區(qū)之間實行雙向轉(zhuǎn)診。 3.突出健康教育內(nèi)容的可讀性。通過降低閱讀材料的難度,來提高孕產(chǎn)婦的積極性,從而增加遵醫(yī)行為的依從性。 4.強調(diào)健康技能在提高母嬰健康素養(yǎng)水平中的重要作用,給孕婦提供個體化的孕期保健指標(biāo)。在產(chǎn)前培訓(xùn)和示范母嬰必備的健康技能。 5.做好重點人群的母嬰健康素養(yǎng)干預(yù)。
[Abstract]:Research background
Health literacy emphasizes the ability of individuals to use their own knowledge, skills and participation in health related affairs. At present, the rate of caesarean section in China, the high birth rate of the giant children, and the unsuitable infant feeding are very prominent. The health literacy research in China is mainly focused on the assessment of health literacy, which rarely involves the health literacy of pregnant and lying in women. More importantly, the study of maternal health literacy in our country lacks in-depth analysis of its influencing factors, especially in the three important periods of antenatal, labor, and postpartum. The study of the correlation between the level of maternal health literacy and the outcome of pregnancy is more rare.
research objective
To understand the level of maternal health literacy and the status of pregnancy outcome, analyze its correlation, and discuss and analyze the related factors affecting the level of maternal health literacy, and put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions to provide reference for improving the health level of mother and child.
Information and methods
This survey was for pregnant women who visited a "three a" teaching hospital in Ji'nan in the late pregnancy. According to the established standards and exclusion criteria, 300 subjects were determined by the overall sampling method, and a cross-sectional survey was carried out. The questionnaire was the three aspects of maternal and infant health literacy assessment and postpartum maternal and infant status. To describe the distribution characteristics of health literacy, analyze the impact on pregnancy outcome and its related factors. Use spss19.0 statistical software to analyze the data.
Main results
The proportion of 1.263 pregnant women with basic health literacy was 1.52%. basic knowledge awareness rate, healthy lifestyle and behavior and health skills mastery rate was 50.67%, 46.39%, 48.41%. with basic health knowledge of pregnant women's demographic characteristics: 25~29 years old, college and above, mainly from the administration. Healthy lifestyle and behavior Population characteristics: 35 years of age, junior college, rural migrant workers. The characteristics of health skilled population: 25~29 years old, undergraduate and administrative management. Through linear regression model analysis of maternal culture, occupation, payment method, income level and the number of production inspection are important factors for the level of health literacy.
2. the correlation between the health literacy score and the pregnancy outcome of pregnant and lying in women showed that the total score of health literacy and the weight gain in the end of pregnancy exceeded 20Kg, the incidence of giant children, cesarean section, postpartum hemorrhage and anemia were negatively correlated (P0.01, P0.05); it was positively correlated with the natural delivery rate and the actual natural childbirth rate (P0.01); and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). There was no statistical significance, but the incidence of gestational diabetes in pregnant women over.35 years was the highest (58.3%), and there was statistical significance in different age groups. The healthy lifestyle and behavior scores were positively correlated with the natural birth rate, the actual natural delivery rate and the vaginal delivery rate (P0.01). There was a significant negative correlation between the incidence of caesarean birth and the incidence of anemia (P0.01). The score of health skills was positively correlated with the frequency of antenatal examination, the rate of natural delivery and the success rate of lactation within half an hour postpartum, and there was a negative correlation with the rate of vaginal delivery, the rate of caesarean section and the incidence of anemia (P0.01).
Conclusions and suggestions
Conclusion:
The overall level of health literacy of the 1. pregnant women was generally lower. The awareness rate of basic knowledge was better than that of healthy lifestyle and behavior and health skills. The population with basic health knowledge and skills was concentrated at the age of 25-29, college and above and mental labor, such as administrative management. The healthy lifestyle and behavior population were 35 years old. On the other hand, junior college and rural workers are the main workers.
2. education level, occupation, payment method, income level and frequency of production inspection are important factors affecting health literacy level.
3. the pregnancy outcome of pregnant women with high health literacy level is good. The utilization rate of health services and natural childbirth is high, and the incidence of pregnancy complications and complications is low.
4. determine the key population of low health literacy: under 25 years of age and over 35 years of age, low education level, people with physical labor, especially health knowledge and skills training needs to be strengthened.
1., first of all, we should continue to increase the leading role of the government and carry out publicity and promotion of health knowledge in pregnancy in various forms.
2. play the role of maternal and infant health care in community out-patient clinics. Two-way referral between hospitals and communities is carried out.
3. highlight the readability of the contents of health education. By reducing the difficulty of reading materials, we can improve the enthusiasm of pregnant women and increase the compliance of compliance.
4. emphasize the important role of health skills in improving the level of maternal and child health literacy, and provide pregnant women with individualized prenatal health indicators. Pre birth training and demonstration of the necessary health skills for mothers and babies.
5. do a good health literacy intervention for the mother and baby of the key population.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R195

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