發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-16 22:40

  本文選題：心理健康 + 生命質(zhì)量��； 參考：《山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:了解太原市老年人心理健康和生命質(zhì)量狀況,探討老年人心理健康和生命質(zhì)量的主要影響因素,同時(shí)深入研究老年人心理健康和生命質(zhì)量之間的關(guān)系。為今后開(kāi)展具體工作、制定相關(guān)政策提供依據(jù),為進(jìn)一步研究老年人的相關(guān)問(wèn)題奠定基礎(chǔ)。方法:本研究采用多階段隨機(jī)整群抽樣方法,運(yùn)用SCL-90量表和SF-36量表對(duì)太原市六個(gè)城區(qū)的1028名老年人進(jìn)行問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,采用SPSS22.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析。對(duì)基本人口學(xué)特征進(jìn)行描述性分析、兩樣本間比較采用兩獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn)、多個(gè)樣本間比較采用方差分析、影響因素分析采用多重逐步回歸方法,對(duì)老年人心理健康和生命質(zhì)量的關(guān)系探討采用典型相關(guān)分析。結(jié)果:太原市老年人心理健康總分為130.65±38.2,其中,強(qiáng)迫癥狀在9個(gè)維度中得分最高(1.66±0.54),恐怖得分最低(1.30±0.49)。和全國(guó)常模相比,除抑郁、焦慮以外,其他維度差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,且軀體化、強(qiáng)迫癥狀、恐怖、精神病性得分高于全國(guó)常模,人際關(guān)系敏感、敵對(duì)、偏執(zhí)得分低于全國(guó)常模。老年人生命質(zhì)量總分為121.75±17.48,其中,生理功能在8個(gè)維度中得分最高(82.14±22.56),總體健康狀況得分最低(59.51±20.34)。和普通人群常模相比,量表各個(gè)維度的差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,活力和精神健康得分高于普通人群常模得分,其余6個(gè)維度的得分均低于普通人群常模水平。和65歲及以上人群常模相比,除情感職能以外,各維度的差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,且得分均高于65歲及以上人群常模。不同的基本人口學(xué)特征、行為生活方式、人際關(guān)系、軀體健康狀況的老年人的心理健康和生命質(zhì)量水平均有差別。影響老年人心理健康的主要因素為自理能力、每周鍛煉次數(shù)、與子女關(guān)系、每日睡眠時(shí)長(zhǎng)、文化程度、三餐規(guī)律程度。影響老年人生命質(zhì)量的主要因素為自理能力、每周鍛煉次數(shù)、年齡、吸煙狀況、生活區(qū)域、養(yǎng)老模式、與子女關(guān)系。典型相關(guān)分析得知,老年人心理健康和生命質(zhì)量之間確實(shí)存在比較顯著的相關(guān)性,即心理健康狀況越好,生命質(zhì)量水平越高。結(jié)論:研究結(jié)果表明,太原市老年人心理健康狀況一般,其中強(qiáng)迫癥狀問(wèn)題突出。自理能力越高、每周鍛煉次數(shù)越多、與子女關(guān)系越好、每日睡眠充足、文化程度越高、三餐越規(guī)律的老年人心理健康狀況較好。太原市老年人生命質(zhì)量水平較高。自理能力越好、每周鍛煉次數(shù)越多、年齡越低、吸煙越少、生活在城市、居家養(yǎng)老、與子女關(guān)系良好的老年人生命質(zhì)量水平越高。老年人心理健康和生命質(zhì)量有著顯著的相關(guān)性,即心理健康狀況越好,生命質(zhì)量水平越高。因此,老年人應(yīng)不斷改善自身軀體健康狀況,減少慢性病和傷殘的發(fā)生,關(guān)注自身心理健康,形成科學(xué)的行為生活方式。同時(shí),政府和社會(huì)應(yīng)當(dāng)完善老年人相關(guān)服務(wù),關(guān)注特殊老年群體。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the mental health and quality of life (QOL) of the elderly in Taiyuan City, to explore the main influencing factors of mental health and quality of life (QOL) of the elderly, and to study the relationship between mental health and quality of life (QOL) of the elderly. It provides the basis for future work and policies, and lays the foundation for further research on the related problems of the elderly. Methods: 1028 elderly people in six urban areas of Taiyuan were investigated with SCL-90 and SF-36 by multi-stage random cluster sampling. SPSS 22.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Descriptive analysis of basic demographic characteristics was carried out. Two independent samples t-test were used for comparison between two samples, ANOVA was used for comparison among multiple samples, and multiple stepwise regression method was used for influencing factor analysis. To explore the relationship between mental health and quality of life in the elderly, canonical correlation analysis was used. Results: the total score of mental health of the elderly in Taiyuan was 130.65 鹵38.2. Among them, the score of obsessive-compulsive symptom was the highest (1.66 鹵0.54) in 9 dimensions, and the lowest score was 1.30 鹵0.49m in phobia. The scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, phobia, psychosis were higher than those of the national norm, except depression and anxiety, and the scores of somatization, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, phobia and psychosis were higher than those of the national norm, and the interpersonal relationship was sensitive and hostile. The score of paranoid ideation is lower than the national norm. The total score of quality of life of the elderly was 121.75 鹵17.48, in which physiological function had the highest score of 82.14 鹵22.56 and the lowest score of 59.51 鹵20.34 in the eight dimensions. Compared with the norm of the general population, the difference of each dimension of the scale was statistically significant, the scores of vitality and mental health were higher than those of the norm of the general population, and the scores of the other six dimensions were all lower than the normal level of the general population. Compared with the norm of 65 years old and above, there were significant differences in all dimensions except emotional function, and the scores were higher than those of the norm of 65 years old and above. There were differences in mental health and quality of life among the elderly with different demographic characteristics, behavioral lifestyle, interpersonal relationships and physical health. The main factors affecting the mental health of the elderly were self-care ability, exercise times per week, relationship with their children, length of sleep per day, education level and regular degree of three meals. The main factors affecting the quality of life of the elderly were self-care ability, exercise times per week, age, smoking status, living area, old-age model, and relationship with children. Canonical correlation analysis showed that there was a significant correlation between mental health and quality of life of the elderly, that is, the better the mental health, the higher the quality of life level. Conclusion: the results show that the mental health status of the elderly in Taiyuan is general, among which obsessive-compulsive symptoms are prominent. The higher the self-care ability, the more times of exercise per week, the better the relationship with their children, the better the daily sleep, the higher the education level, the better the mental health of the elderly with more regular meals. The quality of life of the elderly in Taiyuan is high. The better self-care ability, the more times of exercise per week, the lower the age, the less smoking, the higher the quality of life of the elderly who live in the city, live at home and provide for the aged, and have a good relationship with their children. There is a significant correlation between mental health and quality of life of the elderly, that is, the better the mental health, the higher the quality of life. Therefore, the elderly should constantly improve their physical health, reduce the incidence of chronic diseases and disability, pay attention to their own mental health, and form a scientific behavioral lifestyle. At the same time, the government and society should perfect the related services for the elderly and pay attention to the special elderly groups.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R161.7

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本文編號(hào)：2028350