發(fā)布時間：2018-06-14 09:09

  本文選題：留守兒童 + 社會資本　； 參考：《延邊大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的了解留守兒童社會資本及健康相關生命質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀,探討社會資本對健康相關生命質(zhì)量的影響。 方法本研究為非實驗性研究。采用多階段分層整群隨機抽樣方法在延邊地區(qū)抽取3個縣市,每個縣市抽取4所學校(朝鮮族小學、漢族小學、朝鮮族初中,漢族初中各1所)開展問卷調(diào)查,3900份,回收有效問卷3166份,回收率為81.2%。研究工具有一般情況調(diào)查表、兒童社會資本評定量表,兒童生活質(zhì)量普通適用核心量表4.0,對留守兒童的社會資本及健康相關生命質(zhì)量進行評估。數(shù)據(jù)的整理與分析使用SPSS17.0中文版統(tǒng)計軟件,采用t檢驗、方差分析、相關分析及多元線性回歸進行統(tǒng)計分析。 結果 1.留守兒童現(xiàn)狀 本次調(diào)查研究對象共3166人,其中留守兒童1069人,占本次調(diào)查總人數(shù)的33.8%,留守兒童中小學生464人,初中生605人；男生占41.5%相對較少,大多數(shù)為朝鮮族兒童；城市留守兒童占主體,大多數(shù)為獨生子女,父母雙方均外出占43.4%,僅父親外出者占36.5%,僅母親外出者占20.1%。留守兒童與父母聯(lián)系較為密切,大多數(shù)為一周一次父母均外出時留守學生兒童的監(jiān)護類型主要為單親監(jiān)護、隔代監(jiān)護、同輩監(jiān)護、自我監(jiān)護及其他監(jiān)護；80%以上的留守兒童有多個好朋友;且每天零用錢在10元以下；僅有10%左右的留守兒童不使用手機,高話費的留守兒童占所有使用手機者的一半以上。 2.留守兒童社會資本現(xiàn)狀及單因素分析 留守兒童社會資本總體平均得分為(2.65±0.38)分,處于中等水平,認知型社會資本得分(3.17±0.41)分,處于較高水平,而結構型社會資本得分(2.15±0.47)分,處于中等偏下水平。經(jīng)t檢驗、單因素方差分析,留守兒童的社會資本在不同年齡(以中小學組劃分)、居住地、零用錢、手機使用情況、好朋友數(shù)量及與父母的聯(lián)系頻率方面具有顯著性差異。 3.留守兒童健康相關生命質(zhì)量現(xiàn)狀及單因素分析 延邊州留守兒童健康相關生命質(zhì)量平均得分(3.70±0.51)分,生理功能得分高于社會心理功能,表明留守兒童的社會心理功能較弱。經(jīng)t檢驗、單因素方差分析,留守兒童的健康相關生命質(zhì)量在不同年齡(以中小學組劃分)、性別、民族、零用錢、手機使用情況、好朋友數(shù)量及與父母的聯(lián)系頻率方面具有顯著性差異。 4.社會資本對健康相關生命質(zhì)量的影響 相關分析顯示留守兒童的社會資本與健康相關生命質(zhì)量存在正相關關系,多元回歸分析顯示社會資本中的社會凝聚力、信任、安全、互惠對健康相關生命質(zhì)量影響較大。 結論延邊州留守兒童現(xiàn)象比較嚴重,社會資本是影響留守兒童健康相關生命質(zhì)量的重要因素。因此政府在制定相應的政策時必須更多的關注留守兒童的健康,并可以探索通過增加社會資本這一途徑來更好的提高留守兒童的生命質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the current situation of social capital and health-related quality of life of left-behind children and to explore the influence of social capital on health-related quality of life. Methods this study is a non-experimental study. A multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method was used to select 3 counties and cities in Yanbian area. 3 900 questionnaires were collected from 4 schools (1 primary school of Korean nationality, 1 primary school of Han nationality, 1 junior high school of Korean nationality and 1 junior high school of Han nationality) in Yanbian area. 3166 valid questionnaires were collected and the recovery rate was 81.2%. The research tools include general situation questionnaire, children's social capital rating scale, children's quality of life general applicable core scale 4.0, to evaluate the social capital and health-related quality of life of left-behind children. The statistical software SPSS 17.0 was used to collate and analyze the data. T test, variance analysis, correlation analysis and multivariate linear regression were used for statistical analysis. Result 1. The present situation of left-behind children includes 3166 subjects, of which 1069 are left-behind children, accounting for 33.8% of the total. 464 primary and middle school students and 605 junior high school students are left behind, and 41.5% of them are boys. Most of them were Korean children, most of them were only children, and both parents went out 43.4%, only the father went out 36.5%, and only the mother took 20.1%. The left behind children are closely related to their parents, most of them are left behind once a week. The main types of children left behind are single parent guardianship, intergenerational guardianship, peer care, self-monitoring and other guardianship. More than 80% of left-behind children have more than one good friend; and daily pocket money is less than 10 yuan; only about 10% of left-behind children do not use mobile phones. The overall average score of social capital of left-behind children was 2.65 鹵0.38, which was in the middle level, and the score of cognitive social capital was 3.17 鹵0.41, which was higher than that of the control group, and the average score of social capital of left-behind children was 2.65 鹵0.38, while the score of cognitive social capital was 3.17 鹵0.41. The score of structural social capital was 2.15 鹵0.47, which was lower than the middle level. By t-test, single-factor ANOVA, the social capital of left-behind children at different ages (divided into primary and secondary school groups, residence, pocket money, mobile phone use), There were significant differences in the number of good friends and the frequency of contact with parents. Health related quality of Life of Left-behind Children: an average score of 3.70 鹵0.51in Yanbian Prefecture, the score of physiological function was higher than that of psychosocial function. The results showed that the social and psychological function of children left behind was weak. By t test and single factor ANOVA, the health-related quality of life of left-behind children was divided into three groups: primary and secondary school group, sex, nationality, pocket money, mobile phone use. There were significant differences in the number of good friends and the frequency of contact with parents. 4. 4. Correlation analysis of the influence of social capital on health-related quality of life showed that there was a positive correlation between social capital of left-behind children and health-related quality of life, and multiple regression analysis showed social cohesion in social capital. Trust, security and reciprocity have great influence on health-related quality of life. Conclusion the phenomenon of left-behind children in Yanbian prefecture is serious, and social capital is an important factor affecting health related quality of life of left-behind children. Therefore, the government must pay more attention to the health of left-behind children when making corresponding policies, and can explore the way of increasing social capital to better improve the quality of life of left-behind children.
【學位授予單位】：延邊大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R179

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