本文選題：圍絕經(jīng)期 + KI量表�。� 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的： 了解蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女健康和生存質(zhì)量狀況，探討其影響因素，為政府和相關(guān)部門制定婦女保健決策提供理論依據(jù)；提出改善和提高蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女健康狀況和生存質(zhì)量的對策。 方法： 選擇內(nèi)蒙古通遼市蒙、漢族40～60歲婦女為研究對象，采用分層隨機(jī)抽樣法，在城市、旗所在地和農(nóng)村抽取，蒙、漢族婦女各300人，共600人。進(jìn)行一對一問卷調(diào)查，收集資料。所用問卷包括：調(diào)查對象的一般資料、改良后的KI量表、WHOQOL-BREF簡表中文版。采用SPSS17.0統(tǒng)計軟件分析，主要進(jìn)行描述性分析；計量資料比較采用t檢驗(yàn)，計數(shù)資料組間比較采用卡方檢驗(yàn)；進(jìn)行方差分析或秩和檢驗(yàn)、多元線性逐步回歸分析。 結(jié)果： 共發(fā)放問卷600份，收回有效問卷600份，有效率100%。 1.初潮年齡和絕經(jīng)年齡 蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女整體平均初潮時間為15.79±1.58歲，平均自然絕經(jīng)年齡：49.69±3.17歲。蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女初潮年齡與絕經(jīng)年齡均無相關(guān)性（R=0.151，P=0.176；R=0.176，P=0.094）。蒙古族婦女平均初潮年齡為15.90±1.56歲，平均絕經(jīng)年齡為49.67±3.49歲；漢族婦女平均初潮年齡為15.68±1.60歲，平均絕經(jīng)年齡49.71±2.87歲；兩民族間無差異（P＞0.05）。蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女初潮年齡與絕經(jīng)年齡與其它地區(qū)和民族間有差異，同一民族不同地區(qū)亦有差異。 2.圍絕經(jīng)期知識知曉率及HRT使用率 蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女整體圍絕經(jīng)期相關(guān)知識知曉率為67.7%，HRT知曉率為20.7%，使用率為2.0%。兩民族間圍絕經(jīng)期名詞和知識知曉率有差異（P＜0.01），蒙古族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女低于漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女。HRT知曉率和使用率兩民族間無差異（P＞0.05）。 3.蒙、漢族婦女圍絕經(jīng)期健康狀況 蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女整體KI量表總分平均為13.61±9.05，處于較低水平。絕經(jīng)綜合征發(fā)生率為77.3%，，圍絕經(jīng)期癥狀發(fā)生率前五位依次為：易激動，疲乏，失眠，肌肉骨關(guān)節(jié)痛，感覺異常。絕經(jīng)綜合征發(fā)生率蒙古族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女為75.3%，漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女為79.4%。KI量表總分蒙古族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女平均為13.19±9.05，漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女平均為14.03±9.04。兩民族間絕經(jīng)綜合征發(fā)生率和KI量表總分無差異（P＞0.05）。各癥狀中皮膚蟻?zhàn)吒械梅旨鞍l(fā)生率有顯著差異（P＜0.01）。KI量表總分與產(chǎn)次、文化程度呈負(fù)相關(guān)。城市圍絕經(jīng)期婦女KI量表總分顯著低于農(nóng)村圍絕經(jīng)期婦女（P＜0.01）。不同年齡組圍絕經(jīng)期婦女KI量表總分有顯著差異（P＜0.01）。 4.蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女生存質(zhì)量 蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女整體生存質(zhì)量各領(lǐng)域得分依次為：生理領(lǐng)域72.12±16.27，心理領(lǐng)域63.92±14.55，社會領(lǐng)域66.97±15.50，環(huán)境領(lǐng)域59.41±15.64。生存質(zhì)量呈中等水平。兩民族間心理領(lǐng)域得分有顯著差異（P＜0.01），蒙古族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女顯著高于漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女。生存質(zhì)量各領(lǐng)域主要影響因素為：經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況、KI量表總分、婚姻狀況等。農(nóng)村圍絕經(jīng)期婦女生存質(zhì)量各領(lǐng)域得分顯著低于城市圍絕經(jīng)期婦女（P＜0.01）。不同年齡組生存質(zhì)量各領(lǐng)域得分均有顯著差異（P＜0.01）。結(jié)論： 通遼市蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女初潮年齡與絕經(jīng)年齡在同一地區(qū)無民族差異，但與其它地區(qū)和民族間有差異，同一民族不同地區(qū)亦有差異，二者間無相關(guān)性。蒙、漢族圍絕經(jīng)期婦女整體絕經(jīng)綜合征發(fā)生率高，兩民族間無差異；但癥狀較輕，兩民族間有差異�？傮w生存質(zhì)量處于中等水平，兩民族間有差異。農(nóng)村圍絕經(jīng)期婦女健康狀況和生存質(zhì)量顯著低于城市圍絕經(jīng)期婦女。不同年齡組圍絕經(jīng)期婦女健康狀況和生存質(zhì)量有差異。應(yīng)開設(shè)圍絕經(jīng)期門診，定期開展宣傳、義診等活動；采取多種方式宣傳衛(wèi)生保健知識，改善圍絕經(jīng)期婦女的知、信、行；加大投入力度繼續(xù)實(shí)施婦女病普查普治；政策支持、增加基層衛(wèi)生單位的資金投入和人力配置，改善就醫(yī)環(huán)境和就醫(yī)質(zhì)量，從而提高少數(shù)民族地區(qū)婦女的生存質(zhì)量。
[Abstract]:Purpose :

To understand the quality of women ' s health and quality of life in the peri - menopausal period of Mongolian and Han nationality , discuss the influencing factors , and provide theoretical basis for the government and relevant departments to formulate women ' s health - care decision - making ;
To improve and improve the health status and quality of life of women in the peri - menopausal period of Mongolian and Han nationality .

Method :

A 1 - to - one questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data from 400 to 60 year - old women from Inner Mongolia , Inner Mongolia , Mongolian and Han nationality . A one - to - one questionnaire was used to collect data . The questionnaire used included general data of survey subjects , improved KI scale and Chinese version of WHO QOL - BREF . The SPSS 17.0 statistical software was used to analyze the statistical software .
The comparison of the measurement data is t - test , and the comparison between the counting data groups is checked by the Chi - square ;
Conduct variance analysis or rank sum test , multivariate linear stepwise regression analysis .

Results :

A total of 600 questionnaires were distributed , 600 questionnaires were collected , and the effective rate was 100 % .

1 . Initial age and menopause

There was no correlation between the age of menarche and menopause ( R = 0.151 , P = 0.176 , P = 0.176 , P = 0.176 ) .
R=0.176,P=0.094). The average age of menarche of Mongolian women was 15.90 鹵 1.56 years , and the average age was 49.67 鹵 3.49 years .
The mean age of menarche of Han women was 15.68 鹵 1.60 years , the average age was 49.71 鹵 2.87 years .
There was no difference between the two peoples ( P > 0.05 ) . The age of the primary trend of women in the perimenopausal period and the age of menopause were different from those of other regions and nationalities , and there were also differences in the different regions of the same ethnic group .

2 . Knowledge - aware rate and HRT utilization rate in peri - menopausal period

The knowledge rate of women in perimenopausal period was 67.7 % , HRT awareness rate was 20.7 % and usage rate was 2.0 % . There was no difference between the two groups ( P < 0.01 ) . There was no difference between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ) .

3 . Health Status of Menopause of Han Women in Mongolian and Han Nationality

The total score of KI in perimenopausal women was 13.61 鹵 9.05 . The incidence of menopausal symptoms was 77.3 % . The incidence of menopausal women was 75.3 % . There was a negative correlation between the incidence of menopausal women and the total score of KI ( P > 0.05 ) . The total score of menopausal women in the menopausal period was significantly lower than that in the peri - menopausal women ( P < 0.01 ) .

4 . Quality of Life of Women in Menopause Period of Mongolian and Han Nationality

There were significant differences in the quality of life of women in the peri - menopausal period ( P < 0.01 ) . There was a significant difference in the quality of life in the rural peri - menopausal women ( P < 0.01 ) . There was a significant difference in the scores of the quality of life in the peri - menopausal period ( P < 0.01 ) . Conclusion :

There is no national difference between the age of menarche and the age of menopause in Mongolian and Han Dynasties , but there is no difference between the two countries . There is no correlation between the two countries .
The quality of women ' s health and quality of life in rural peri - menopausal period are significantly lower than those in peri - menopausal women .
To adopt a variety of ways to promote health care knowledge and improve the knowledge , letter and line of peri - menopausal women ;
Increase investment and continue to implement the general survey on women ' s disease ;
Policy support , increase the fund investment and manpower configuration of grass - roots health units , improve the medical environment and the quality of medical treatment , and thus improve the quality of life of women in ethnic minority areas .
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R173

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 胡艷文;胡曼云;韋e

本文編號：2014232