本文選題：PCBs + 氯聯(lián)苯　； 參考：《環(huán)境與職業(yè)醫(yī)學(xué)》2015年06期

【摘要】：[背景]在一些建筑物內(nèi),多氯聯(lián)苯(PCBs)的室內(nèi)空氣濃度要比背景值高出一個(gè)甚至更多的數(shù)量級(jí)。為此,人們?cè)噲D評(píng)估吸入PCBs所造成的潛在健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。但是由于來源、暴露和暴露-反應(yīng)的特征描述以及評(píng)估中存在著不確定性,這些嘗試受到了阻礙。[目的]簡(jiǎn)要介紹室內(nèi)空氣中PCBs的一些常見來源,并估計(jì)特定年齡組的吸入暴露對(duì)總PCBs暴露的貢獻(xiàn)量。隨后,確定需要進(jìn)行重點(diǎn)研究的領(lǐng)域,以提高對(duì)PCBs吸入暴露和暴露反應(yīng)的評(píng)估水平。[討論]雖然美國(guó)在1979年就開始禁止生產(chǎn)PCBs,但在此之前建造的許多建筑中仍含有潛在的污染來源,造成室內(nèi)空氣PCBs污染。在一些室內(nèi)條件下和一些年齡組中,吸入暴露對(duì)PCBs總暴露的貢獻(xiàn)可能大于其他任何暴露途徑。PCBs暴露與人體健康效應(yīng)相關(guān),但針對(duì)吸入途徑的數(shù)據(jù)仍然很少。為了進(jìn)行暴露-反應(yīng)評(píng)估,在今后研究PCBs吸入的健康效應(yīng)時(shí)要仔細(xì)考慮研究設(shè)計(jì)的一些方面,包括描述PCBs混合暴露的特征,這一點(diǎn)十分重要。[結(jié)論]在某些情況下,PCBs的吸入暴露對(duì)PCBs總暴露的貢獻(xiàn)量可能比以前認(rèn)為的更多。新的流行病學(xué)和毒理學(xué)研究致力于解決PCBs吸入對(duì)健康的潛在影響,可能有助于確定暴露-反應(yīng)關(guān)系和進(jìn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估。
[Abstract]:[background] in some buildings, PCBs) indoor air concentrations are one or more orders of magnitude higher than the background values. To this end, attempts are made to assess the potential health risks associated with inhalation of PCBs. However, these attempts were hampered by uncertainties in source, characterization of exposure and exposure-response and evaluation. [objective] to introduce some common sources of PCBs in indoor air, and to estimate the contribution of inhaled exposure to total PCBs in specific age groups. Areas that need to be studied to improve assessment of PCBs exposure and exposure response are then identified. Although the production of PCBswas banned in the United States in 1979, many buildings built prior to that still contained potential sources of pollution, resulting in indoor air PCBs pollution. In some indoor conditions and in some age groups, the contribution of inhaled exposure to total exposure to PCBs may be greater than that of any other exposure pathway. PCBs exposure is associated with human health effects, but the data on inhalation pathways are still scarce. In order to assess exposure-response, it is important to consider some aspects of the design in future studies of the health effects of PCBs inhalation, including describing the characteristics of mixed exposure to PCBs, which is important at 01:10. [conclusion] in some cases, inhalation exposure of PCBs may contribute more to total exposure to PCBs than previously thought. New epidemiological and toxicological studies focus on addressing the potential health effects of PCBs inhalation, which may help determine exposure-response relationships and risk assessment.
【分類號(hào)】：R114

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