本文選題：圍絕經(jīng)期 + 健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估��； 參考：《實(shí)用心腦肺血管病雜志》2016年12期

【摘要】：目的評(píng)估圍絕經(jīng)期女性健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。方法選取2015年9—12月在中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院健康管理中心參加健康體檢的成年女性2 318人,按照年齡分為圍絕經(jīng)期前組1 075人(18~39歲)、圍絕經(jīng)期組944人(40~60歲)、圍絕經(jīng)期后組299人(≥61歲)。采用"健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估調(diào)查問(wèn)卷"收集健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù),采用北京中新惠爾健康科技有限公司授權(quán)的健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估軟件進(jìn)行健康風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估。結(jié)果共發(fā)放問(wèn)卷2 318份,回收2 318份,有效率為100.00%。(1)圍絕經(jīng)期組女性糖尿病、缺血性心血管疾病、肺癌及高血壓現(xiàn)患者和高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)者所占比例均高于圍絕經(jīng)期前組,但圍絕經(jīng)期組女性糖尿病、缺血性心血管疾病、肺癌及高血壓現(xiàn)患者和高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)者所占比例均低于圍絕經(jīng)期后組(P0.05)。(2)圍絕經(jīng)期組女性健康生活方式評(píng)分劣于圍絕經(jīng)期前組和圍絕經(jīng)期后組(P0.05)。(3)3組女性吸煙、戒煙及適量飲酒者所占比例比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);圍絕經(jīng)期組女性被動(dòng)吸煙者所占比例高于圍絕經(jīng)期前組(P0.05);圍絕經(jīng)期組和圍絕經(jīng)期后組女性被動(dòng)吸煙者所占比例比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);圍絕經(jīng)期組女性過(guò)量飲酒者所占比例高于圍絕經(jīng)期前組和圍絕經(jīng)期后組(P0.05)。(4)3組女性蔬菜水果攝入不足者所占比例比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05);圍絕經(jīng)期組女性谷類(lèi)攝入過(guò)多者所占比例高于圍絕經(jīng)期前組和圍絕經(jīng)期后組(P0.05);圍絕經(jīng)期組女性肉類(lèi)攝入過(guò)多者所占比例高于圍絕經(jīng)期前組(P0.05),但與圍絕經(jīng)期后組比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。(5)圍絕經(jīng)期后組和圍絕經(jīng)期組女性體力活動(dòng)水平優(yōu)于圍絕經(jīng)期前組,圍絕經(jīng)期后組女性體力活動(dòng)水平優(yōu)于圍絕經(jīng)期組(P0.05)。結(jié)論女性進(jìn)入圍絕經(jīng)期后糖尿病、缺血性心血管疾病、肺癌和高血壓發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)明顯增高,被動(dòng)吸煙、過(guò)量飲酒、不合理膳食及缺乏體力活動(dòng)等不良生活方式增多,因此加強(qiáng)圍絕經(jīng)期女性不良生活方式干預(yù)以降低慢性病發(fā)生風(fēng)險(xiǎn)勢(shì)在必行。
[Abstract]:Objective to evaluate the health risk of menopausal women. Methods A total of 2,318 adult women who took part in the physical examination in the Health Management Center of the first affiliated Hospital of China Medical University from September to December 2015 were selected. According to the age, 1 075 premenopausal group (1 075) were divided into 3 groups: premenopausal group (n = 1 075), perimenopausal group (n = 944) and postmenopausal group (n = 299). The health risk data were collected by "Health risk Assessment questionnaire", and the health risk assessment software of Beijing Zhongxin Huier Health Technology Co., Ltd. was used to carry out health risk assessment. Results A total of 2,318 questionnaires were sent out and 2,318 were recovered. The effective rate was 100.00.0.The percentage of women with diabetes, ischemic cardiovascular disease, lung cancer and hypertension in the menopausal group was higher than that in the premenopausal group. But in perimenopausal women, diabetes, ischemic cardiovascular disease, The proportion of patients with lung cancer and hypertension and those at high risk were lower than that of postmenopausal women (P 0.05. 02) the scores of healthy lifestyle of women in perimenopausal group were lower than those in premenopausal group and postmenopausal group. There was no significant difference in the proportion of smoking cessation and moderate drinking, the proportion of female passive smokers in the perimenopausal group was higher than that in the pre-menopausal group, and the proportion of female passive smokers in the perimenopausal group and the postmenopausal group was higher than that in the peri-menopausal group, the proportion of female passive smokers in the perimenopausal group was higher than that in the pre-menopausal group. There was no significant difference between the two groups (P 0.05), and the proportion of female excessive drinkers in the perimenopausal group was higher than that in the premenopausal group and the postmenopausal group (P 0.05), and the proportion of female patients with insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables was higher than that in the premenopausal group and the postmenopausal group. The percentage of women with excessive intake of cereals in peri-menopausal group was higher than that in pre-menopausal group and post-menopausal group (P0.05), and the proportion of women with excessive meat intake in peri-menopausal group was higher than that in pre-menopausal group. But compared with the postmenopausal group, There was no significant difference in physical activity between postmenopausal group and peri-menopausal group (P 0.05). The level of female physical activity in postmenopausal group was better than that in premenopausal group, and that in postmenopausal group was better than that in peri-menopausal group (P 0.05). Conclusion the risk of diabetes, ischemic cardiovascular disease, lung cancer and hypertension, passive smoking, excessive drinking, unreasonable diet and lack of physical activity in women increased after menopause. Therefore, it is imperative to strengthen the intervention of poor lifestyle in perimenopausal women to reduce the risk of chronic diseases.
【作者單位】： 中國(guó)醫(yī)科大學(xué)附屬第一醫(yī)院全科醫(yī)學(xué)科;
【基金】：國(guó)家自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(71273279):基于全科醫(yī)生連續(xù)性服務(wù)的整合式健康管理服務(wù)模式的研究
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R173

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