本文選題：葉黃素 + 大學(xué)生　； 參考：《青島大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的:對(duì)青島市某高校大學(xué)生的膳食攝入情況進(jìn)行調(diào)查,了解其膳食葉黃素?cái)z入水平及相關(guān)因素。制備葉黃素殼聚糖脂質(zhì)體,評(píng)價(jià)其在大鼠體內(nèi)的生物利用率。方法:1.以青島市某高校為調(diào)查點(diǎn),隨機(jī)抽取488名在校大學(xué)生進(jìn)行問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,問(wèn)卷包括大學(xué)生的一般情況、飲食習(xí)慣和膳食調(diào)查等內(nèi)容。膳食調(diào)查采用3天24小時(shí)膳食回顧法,食物重量的估計(jì)參照《回顧性膳食調(diào)查輔助參照食物圖譜》,結(jié)合現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)物展示及從餐廳和超市采購(gòu)的食物所拍攝的圖片,對(duì)調(diào)查對(duì)象進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一培訓(xùn),并有專(zhuān)業(yè)的調(diào)查人員現(xiàn)場(chǎng)指導(dǎo),對(duì)調(diào)查對(duì)象進(jìn)行統(tǒng)一培訓(xùn),并有專(zhuān)業(yè)的調(diào)查人員現(xiàn)場(chǎng)指導(dǎo)。2.采用乙醚注入法制備葉黃素脂質(zhì)體,制備過(guò)程中考察磷脂和膽固醇比、葉黃素和磷脂比、磷脂濃度、p H值、剪切速度等因素對(duì)脂質(zhì)體包封率的影響,經(jīng)正交試驗(yàn)篩選最佳制備條件。將最佳條件制備的葉黃素脂質(zhì)體采用殼聚糖溶液進(jìn)行修飾,制備葉黃素殼聚糖脂質(zhì)體。3.兩月齡健康雄性SD大鼠28只,按照體質(zhì)量隨機(jī)分為2組,每組12只(4只留作備用及空白取血),分別采用葉黃素油溶液和葉黃素殼聚糖脂質(zhì)體給大鼠灌胃,于1h,2h,4h,6h,8h,12h,16h,24h分別采集大鼠血,采用高效液相色譜法(HPLC)測(cè)定大鼠血漿中的葉黃素濃度,比較葉黃素的兩種劑型在大鼠體內(nèi)的吸收率。結(jié)果:1.在校大學(xué)生膳食葉黃素?cái)z入量的中位數(shù)為2.14mg/d。膳食葉黃素主要由蔬菜提供,其主要來(lái)源是為韭菜、菠菜、西蘭花、油菜、豆角和雞蛋等,而大學(xué)生平均每天攝入量較多的蔬菜依次為土豆、番茄、豆角、白菜等單位質(zhì)量葉黃素含量較低的食物。分析大學(xué)生膳食葉黃素?cái)z入量相關(guān)的因素,結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)體質(zhì)指數(shù)(BMI)過(guò)高及過(guò)低、偏食不愛(ài)吃蔬菜、睡眠時(shí)間超過(guò)8h、患有慢性消化系統(tǒng)疾病等會(huì)導(dǎo)致大學(xué)生葉黃素?cái)z入量偏低;性別、專(zhuān)業(yè)、食欲、偏食不愛(ài)吃水果、運(yùn)動(dòng)時(shí)間等對(duì)大學(xué)生葉黃素?cái)z入量的影響差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。2.葉黃素脂質(zhì)體的最佳工藝處方為磷脂與膽固醇比為5:1,葉黃素與磷脂比為1:10,磷脂的濃度為4%,磷酸鹽緩沖液的p H值為6.5,剪切速度為12000r/min,剪切時(shí)間為3min。此配方制備的葉黃素脂質(zhì)體包封率為97%,粒徑為87nm,葉黃素殼聚糖脂質(zhì)體的包封率為98.26%,粒徑為116nm,脂質(zhì)體近似球形,粒徑均一,4℃存放30天未見(jiàn)沉淀析出,外觀均勻。3.動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果顯示:葉黃素油溶液和葉黃素殼聚糖脂質(zhì)體在大鼠血漿中的達(dá)峰時(shí)間分別為3.8h和5.7h,藥時(shí)曲線(xiàn)下面積(AUC_(0-t))分別為0.86μg/ml·h和1.04μg/ml·h,以葉黃素油溶液為參比制劑,葉黃素采用殼聚糖脂質(zhì)體包封后,其相對(duì)生物利用度達(dá)到了120.8%。結(jié)論:1.本次調(diào)查的大學(xué)生膳食葉黃素的攝入量較低,建議加強(qiáng)營(yíng)養(yǎng)教育,合理膳食,適當(dāng)攝入葉黃素含量較高的食物。2.葉黃素殼聚糖脂質(zhì)體提高了葉黃素的水溶性、穩(wěn)定性及在大鼠體內(nèi)的生物利用率。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the dietary intake of lutein among college students in Qingdao. Lutein chitosan liposomes were prepared to evaluate their bioavailability in rats. Method 1: 1. A total of 488 college students were randomly selected from a university in Qingdao to investigate the general situation, dietary habits and diet of college students. The dietary survey was conducted with a 3-day 24-hour diet review method. The weight of the food was estimated with reference to the Food Atlas of the retrospective Dietary Survey, and the images taken from the food purchased from restaurants and supermarkets were combined with the physical display on the spot. Conduct unified training to the investigation object, and have the professional investigator on-site instruction, carry on the unified training to the investigation object, and have the professional investigator spot instruction. Lutein liposomes were prepared by ether injection. The effects of phospholipid / cholesterol ratio, lutein / phospholipid ratio, phospholipid concentration / H value and shear rate on the entrapment efficiency of liposomes were investigated. The optimum preparation conditions were selected by orthogonal test. The xanthophyll liposome prepared under the optimum conditions was modified with chitosan solution to prepare xanthophyll chitosan liposome. 3. Twenty-eight healthy male SD rats of two months old were randomly divided into two groups according to their body weight. 12 rats in each group were divided into two groups: 4 rats in each group were reserved for blood collection and 4 rats in each group were treated with lutein oil solution and lutein chitosan liposome respectively. The blood samples were collected from the rats at 1h, 2h, 2h, 4h, 6h, 8h, 8h, 12h, 16h, 24h, respectively. The concentration of lutein in rat plasma was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the absorptivity of lutein in rats was compared. The result is 1: 1. The median dietary lutein intake of college students was 2.14 mg / d. The main sources of dietary lutein are Chinese chives, spinach, broccoli, rape, beans and eggs, while the average daily intake of vegetables for college students is potatoes, tomatoes, beans, etc. Chinese cabbage and other food with low lutein content per unit mass. The factors related to dietary lutein intake of college students were analyzed. The results showed that high and low body mass index (BMI), partial eating and not eating vegetables, sleeping time more than 8 hours, chronic digestive system diseases, etc., would lead to low intake of lutein in college students. Sex, specialty, appetite, partial eating and not eating fruit, exercise time and so on had no statistical difference on the intake of lutein in college students. The optimum technological formulation of lutein liposome is that the ratio of phospholipid to cholesterol is 5: 1, the ratio of lutein to phospholipid is 1: 10, the concentration of phospholipid is 4, the pH value of phosphate buffer is 6.5, the shear rate is 12000rmin, and the shearing time is 3min. The entrapment efficiency of lutein liposome prepared by this formulation was 97 nm, the particle size was 87 nm, the entrapment efficiency of lutein chitosan liposome was 98.26, the particle size was 116 nm, the liposome was nearly spherical, and the particle size was uniform at 4 鈩，

本文編號(hào)：1949502