本文選題：火車司機 + 高血壓�。� 參考：《昆明醫(yī)科大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：目的通過問卷調(diào)查和體格檢查昆明鐵路局火車司機,了解火車司機高血壓的現(xiàn)況,分析高血壓與職業(yè)因素的關系并找出高血壓的影響因素,提出針對性措施,有效減少和控制高血壓有害因素,達到降低火車司機高血壓患病率,減少心血管疾病的發(fā)生,提高火車司機的職業(yè)生命質(zhì)量的目的。 方法本研究為橫斷面研究。以2012年6月一2012年8月昆明鐵路局火車段在崗職工為研究對象,采用普查方法對火車司機進行問卷調(diào)查和體格檢查。同時結(jié)合定性訪談方法了解火車司機的主觀想法。最后應用Epidata和Excel錄入相應資料,導入SPSS進行數(shù)據(jù)分析。 結(jié)果 1.人口學特征：本次研究共調(diào)查1967人,全為男性。其中火車司機平均年齡37.56±7.19歲,平均工齡18.25±7.87年,平均工作時間為67.00±18.14小時／周,漢族占80.90%,文化程度主要為高中或中專(63.75%),已婚占79.31%,正常體重人數(shù)居多(53.94%),61.62%電力機車司機,要輪班且需要上夜班人數(shù)較多(68.53%),70%高級工。 2.血壓異常檢出情況：火車司機血壓檢查人數(shù)1967人,高血壓人數(shù)為485人,高血壓檢出率為24.70%。收縮壓異常為245人,占12.46%,收縮壓平均值為123.24±15.49mmHg。舒張壓異常為360人,占18.30%,舒張壓平均為80.47±12.30mmHg。 3.血壓的影響因素：通過多因素logistic回歸分析,進入回歸方程(P0.05)的有職業(yè)倦怠(OR=1.09)、年齡(OR=1.09)、體質(zhì)指數(shù)(OR=1.18)、腰圍(OR=1.05)、婚姻狀況(OR=1.41)、飲酒情況(OR=1.25)、工種(OR=1.56)、輪班(OR=1.77)、生活壓力(OR=1.93)、工作壓力(OR=4.58)。 4.血壓影響因素的主成分分析：血壓異常的影響因素57%以上的信息可以由前4個主成分解釋,其中第一主成分是職業(yè)倦怠。 結(jié)論火車司機高血壓的影響因素中,對高血壓影響程度最大的是職業(yè)倦怠,其次是體質(zhì)指數(shù)、腰圍,影響相對較小的是飲酒情況�；疖囁緳C對高血壓相關知識的知曉情況一般。 建議高血壓的三級預防應結(jié)合高血壓的影響因素,一級預防以緩解職業(yè)倦怠,關心疏導有職業(yè)緊張情緒的火車司機,建立工作場所有害因素監(jiān)測及評價制度,高血壓預防教育為主。二級預防以早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早診斷、早預防高血壓為主。三級預防主要是對癥治療、康復治療、預防并發(fā)癥。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the present situation of train drivers' hypertension, analyze the relationship between hypertension and professional factors, find out the influencing factors of hypertension, and put forward some countermeasures through questionnaire investigation and physical examination of train drivers in Kunming Railway Bureau. In order to reduce the prevalence rate of hypertension, reduce the incidence of cardiovascular disease and improve the professional quality of life of train drivers, the harmful factors of hypertension can be effectively reduced and controlled. Methods this study is a cross-sectional study. Taking the staff and workers in the railway section of Kunming Railway Bureau from June 2012 to August 2012 as the research object, the questionnaire survey and physical examination of train drivers were carried out with the method of general survey. At the same time, combined with qualitative interview method to understand the subjective thinking of train drivers. Finally, Epidata and Excel are used to input the corresponding data and import SPSS for data analysis. Result 1. Demographic characteristics: a total of 1967 people, all male, were investigated in this study. The average age of train drivers was 37.56 鹵7.19 years, the average working age was 18.25 鹵7.87 years, the average working time was 67.00 鹵18.14 hours / week, the Han nationality accounted for 80.900.The education level was mainly high school or technical secondary school, 79.31% were married, 53.9442% of the normal weight drivers were electric locomotive drivers. The number of people on shift and night shift is 68.53% higher than 70% of senior workers. 2. Abnormal blood pressure detection: train driver blood pressure examination 1967 people, hypertension 485 people, hypertension detection rate is 24.70. The mean systolic blood pressure was 123.24 鹵15.49mm Hg. Abnormal diastolic blood pressure was found in 360 patients (18.30%). The mean diastolic blood pressure was 80.47 鹵12.30mm Hg. 3. Influencing factors of blood pressure: by multivariate logistic regression analysis, those who entered the regression equation (P0.05) included job burnout (OR1.09), age (OR1.09), body mass index (BMI) 1.18, waist circumference (OR1.05), marital status (OR1.25), type of work (OR1.56), shift work (OR1.77), life stress (OR1.93N), work stress (OR1.58). 4. Principal component analysis of influencing factors of blood pressure: more than 57% of the information of the influencing factors of abnormal blood pressure can be explained by the first four principal components, the first of which is job burnout. Conclusion among the factors affecting hypertension of train drivers, burnout is the most important factor, body mass index and waist circumference are the second, and alcohol consumption is the least. The knowledge of train drivers about hypertension was generally low. It is suggested that the tertiary prevention of hypertension should be combined with the influencing factors of hypertension, the first level prevention should be taken to alleviate job burnout, the train drivers who have occupational tension should be concerned about, and the monitoring and evaluation system of harmful factors in the workplace should be established. High blood pressure prevention education. Early detection, early diagnosis and early prevention of hypertension were the main prevention of secondary prevention. Three-level prevention is mainly symptomatic treatment, rehabilitation treatment, prevention of complications.
【學位授予單位】：昆明醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：R135

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本文編號：1937106