利多卡因是牙科手術(shù)過程中最常用于局部麻醉的麻醉藥之一。然而,過量使用利多卡因可能導(dǎo)致心跳不均,癲癇發(fā)作(抽搐),呼吸減慢,昏迷,呼吸衰竭(呼吸停止),甚至手術(shù)后持續(xù)麻木三至四小時,這使患者感到不適。為了克服這一問題,我們利用同軸電噴霧方法,制備了含有氧化石墨烯納米顆粒和利多卡因的核-殼結(jié)構(gòu)水凝膠微液滴。通過優(yōu)化微液滴制造工藝和其他參數(shù),包括液體流速,施加的電壓和同軸距離,我們可以系統(tǒng)地產(chǎn)生穩(wěn)定的裝載利多卡因和氧化石墨烯的水凝膠,其平均尺寸為3μm,可以優(yōu)化微膠囊藥物負(fù)荷效率。為了誘導(dǎo)和增強(qiáng)利多卡因藥物的可控釋放,在這項研究中,我們利用納米片(氧化石墨烯)的近紅外光誘導(dǎo)熱效應(yīng)(PIH)來改善藥物釋放動力學(xué)。在先前與體外釋放相關(guān)的研究中表明,從水凝膠微膠囊中持續(xù)誘導(dǎo)釋放藥物比普通藥物更有效,并且單軸電噴霧產(chǎn)生的微膠囊不會引起任何相關(guān)的細(xì)胞毒性。研究結(jié)果表明,通過使用808 nm的近紅外光,封裝在水凝膠中的利多卡因可以有效地被控制釋放,從而防止其在牙科手術(shù)過程中因過量而出現(xiàn)的并發(fā)癥。

【文章頁數(shù)】：93 頁

【學(xué)位級別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Dedication
Abstract
摘要
Glossary of Abbreviations
Chapter 1. Introduction
    1.1 Anesthesia & Its Kinds
        1.1.1 General Anesthesia
        1.1.2 Regional Anesthesia
        1.1.3 Local Anesthesia
        1.1.4 Monitored Anesthesia
    1.2 History of Anesthesia
    1.3 Lidocaine
    1.4 Chemistry and Structure
    1.5 Working Mechanism of Lidocaine
    1.6 Dosage and Administration forms of Lidocaine
    1.7 Sodium Alginate and its uses
    1.8 Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles and its properties
    1.9 GO NSs Fabrication Methods
    1.10 NP as Theronistic
Chapter 2. Electrospray System
    2.1 Introduction
    2.2 The charged droplets
    2.3 Components used for the Electrospray system
    2.4 Mode of the coaxial electrospray method
    2.5 Parameters influence the cone-jet
        2.5.1 Flow rate effect on cone-et
        2.5.2 The voltage applied to cone-jet
        2.5.3 Nozzle diameter
        2.5.4 The Cone-Jet Conductivity
        2.5.5 Surface tension in cone-jet
        2.5.6 Operating envelop in cone-jet
        2.5.7 Electrical Conductivity
        2.5.8 Density
    2.6 Liquid Properties
        2.6.1 Cohesion
        2.6.2 Adhesion
        2.6.3 Viscosity
        2.6.4 Evaporation
        2.6.5 Volatility
        2.6.6 Surface Tension
    2.7 Needle Size
    2.8 Electrode Configuration
    2.9 Scaling law
Chapter 3. Modeling & Simulation of Graphene Oxide (GO) NanosheetsHeating under Laser Irradiation
    3.1 Introduction
    3.2 Physical model and its mathematical formulation
    3.3 Cross section absorbance of GO NSs
    3.4 Evolution of SAR
    3.5 Photothermal Modelling and Simulation
Chapter 4. Experimental Study
    4.1 Introduction
    4.2 Materials & Methods
        4.2.1 Required Materials
        4.2.2 Preparation of Graphene Oxide (GO) Nanosheets
        4.2.3 Preparation of solutions used for Coaxial Electrospray
        4.2.4 Whole experimental setup
        4.2.5 Morphology and size distribution
        4.2.6 The Encapsulation Efficiency
        4.2.7 The in Vitro Drug Release
    4.3 Results and Discussion
        4.3.1 TEM,AFM,DLS,FTIR, Raman & XRD of GO
        4.3.2 Experimental analysis of Graphene Oxide producing heat using laser
        4.3.3 Fabrication and characterization of drug-loaded particles
        4.3.4 NIR Triggered In-Vitro release kinetics with three different concentrations of GrapheneOxide
    4.4 Conclusions
Chapter 5. Conclusions & Future Works
    5.1 Summary
List of References
Acknowledgments
List of Publications



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