【摘要】：2013年度國(guó)家藥品不良反應(yīng)監(jiān)測(cè)年度報(bào)告顯示,目前我國(guó)的藥品應(yīng)用安全風(fēng)險(xiǎn)在增加,藥物的不合理應(yīng)用現(xiàn)象仍較為普遍,警示我們醫(yī)務(wù)工作人員和患者應(yīng)該繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)用藥安全意識(shí),并注意防范和評(píng)價(jià)藥物應(yīng)用時(shí)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。目的：了解藥源性損害引起輸血的概況、致病因素及防范措施,為臨床安全、合理用藥及減少醫(yī)療資源浪費(fèi)提供參考依據(jù)。方法：收集2012年5月-2014年5月于我院外科、消化科、兒科診治的藥源性輸血患者213例,采用統(tǒng)一的藥歷首頁(yè)調(diào)查表進(jìn)行調(diào)查分析,調(diào)查內(nèi)容包括患者一般情況、基礎(chǔ)疾病、既往用藥史,藥物過敏史,用藥情況(藥品名稱、劑量、療程、給藥途徑等)、相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)室檢查結(jié)果、相關(guān)功能學(xué)檢查結(jié)果、藥源性損害發(fā)生的時(shí)間、癥狀、處理情況以及轉(zhuǎn)歸。結(jié)果：一般情況：213例患者中男性87例,女性126例,男女比例1：1.45。最大年齡88歲,最小年齡6歲,平均年齡56.42±10.88歲,其中老年組(≥65歲)比例最高,占53.9%,其次為中青年組(23～45歲)比例占26.7%。用藥療程12周的共163例,占總例數(shù)的76.5%。致?lián)p害藥物情況：非甾體類抗炎藥占43.9%,感冒藥占22.7%,激素類藥占12.3%,中藥占10.7%,抗凝藥占6.8%。輸血類型：消化道出血93例(43.7%)、血小板減少46例(21.6%)、全血細(xì)胞減少42例(19.7%)、溶血性貧血32例(15.0%)。轉(zhuǎn)歸情況：治愈199例(93.4%),好轉(zhuǎn)10例(4.7%),死亡4例(1.9%)。結(jié)論：1.藥源性輸血發(fā)病率最高是老年組,占53.9%,其次為中青年組,占26.7%。老年組藥源性輸血大多數(shù)出現(xiàn)于服藥3個(gè)月,中青年組大多是自行服藥量過大所致。2.不合理用藥和未及時(shí)復(fù)查相關(guān)實(shí)驗(yàn)室指標(biāo)來調(diào)整服用藥物是主要誘發(fā)因素,引起藥源性輸血的藥物多見于非甾體類抗炎藥、感冒藥、激素類藥物等。
[Abstract]:The national adverse drug reaction monitoring annual report in 2013 shows that at present, the risk of drug application safety is increasing in our country, and the phenomenon of unreasonable drug use is still common. It is warned that medical staff and patients should continue to strengthen the awareness of drug use safety, and pay attention to the prevention and evaluation of the risk of drug use. Objective: to understand the general situation, pathogenic factors and preventive measures of blood transfusion caused by drug-induced injury, so as to provide reference basis for clinical safety, rational use of drugs and reduction of waste of medical resources. Methods: from May 2012 to May 2014, 213 patients with drug-induced blood transfusion were collected from surgery, Department of Digestive and Pediatrics in our hospital, and were investigated and analyzed by the uniform questionnaire on the first page of the calendar. The contents of the survey included the general situation of the patients and the underlying diseases. Previous history of drug use, history of drug allergy, drug use (drug name, dosage, course of treatment, route of administration, etc.), results of related laboratory tests, results of related functional tests, time of occurrence of drug-induced damage, symptoms, Deal with the situation and the outcome. Results: in general, there were 87 males and 126 females in 213 patients. The ratio of males to females was 1 / 1.45. The maximum age was 88 years old, the minimum age was 6 years old, and the average age was 56.42 鹵10.88 years. The proportion of elderly group (鈮，

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