磺酰胺基取代的嘧啶聯(lián)苯類雜環(huán)衍生物作為潛在的變構(gòu)激酶抑制劑的設(shè)計與合成
發(fā)布時間:2018-07-18 21:48
【摘要】:癌癥是影響人類健康的重大疾病之一,20世紀人類治療癌癥主要以化療、放療及外科手術(shù)為主,這些治療方式都產(chǎn)生嚴重的副作用。而靶向治療不但可以減少毒副反應(yīng),降低用藥劑量,并且能夠提高治療效果,正成為癌癥治療的新趨勢。 許多腫瘤細胞中都存在信號轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)途徑的異常,這些轉(zhuǎn)導(dǎo)途徑中的受體過表達引起細胞過度繁殖而導(dǎo)致腫瘤發(fā)生。而蛋白激酶在這些信號通路中發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵作用,因此其成為抗腫瘤藥物最重要的“新靶點”。 本論文主要包括兩個章節(jié),第一章主要講述了蛋白激酶的研究現(xiàn)狀,作用方式,并通過對比闡述了研究變構(gòu)激酶抑制劑的意義。人類早在1954年就發(fā)現(xiàn)了激酶的活性,迄今為止,蛋白激酶抑制劑的研究已經(jīng)取得長足的進步。如率先上市的伊馬替尼,以及舒尼替尼,厄洛替尼,吉非替尼等等。 根據(jù)與底物絡(luò)合方式的不同,我們把激酶抑制劑分為四種類型:Ⅰ型激酶抑制劑與激酶鉸鏈區(qū)形成1-3個氫鍵從而占據(jù)激酶的活性區(qū)域,也稱為三磷酸腺苷競爭性抑制劑;Ⅱ型抑制劑占據(jù)ATP結(jié)合口袋附近的活化環(huán)(DFG)翻轉(zhuǎn)所暴露出的疏水區(qū)域,也被稱為變構(gòu)抑制劑;Ⅲ型變構(gòu)抑制劑可同時占據(jù)上述兩個結(jié)合區(qū)域,這類抑制劑第一個上市的藥物為伊馬替尼,其通過這種作用方式來抑制Bcr/Abl激酶。此類抑制劑不僅具備Ⅱ型抑制劑選擇性高的特點,也具有高效性的特點;Ⅳ型激酶抑制劑與激酶的結(jié)合位置離ATP較遠,雖然有一定的選擇性,但由于其沒有規(guī)律性,目前研究的較少。通過對上述幾類抑制劑的對比研究,我們決定開發(fā)一類新穎的Ⅲ型變構(gòu)抑制劑。 第二部分主要講述了磺酰胺基取代的嘧啶聯(lián)苯類激酶變構(gòu)抑制劑的設(shè)計、合成,并研究其生物活性。首先我們通過查閱大量文獻,研究已上市激酶變構(gòu)抑制劑伊馬替尼以及其他變構(gòu)抑制劑的共晶結(jié)構(gòu),并通過理論計算,設(shè)計了嘧啶聯(lián)苯母核。其次,在側(cè)鏈衍生化方面,母核嘧啶環(huán)部分我們選擇了藥物化學(xué)中常用藥效團磺酰胺基;在苯環(huán)部分我們嘗試了多種芳香雜環(huán)和脂肪環(huán),脂肪鏈通過取代,偶聯(lián)及成脲的方式進行衍生化,并通過活性測試發(fā)現(xiàn)5個化合物的IC50在10μM以下。此外,我們發(fā)現(xiàn)在母核中引入具有多個氫鍵受體的嘧啶環(huán)能夠提高生物活性,所以我們對所得中間體再次進行衍生化,經(jīng)過細胞活性測試,,發(fā)現(xiàn)9個化合物的IC50在10μM以下,其中,活性最好的化合物2-15-2d的IC50值為113nM。 通過路線設(shè)計,大量的衍生化及優(yōu)化工作,我們共合成了49個終產(chǎn)物,建立了一個以嘧啶聯(lián)苯為母核的化合物庫,并進行了生物活性篩選,得到了一系列活性較好的化合物,通過初步分析,為本課題后續(xù)研究提供參考和方向。
[Abstract]:Cancer is one of the major diseases affecting human health. In the 20th century, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery were the main treatments for cancer. Targeted therapy can not only reduce side effects, reduce drug dosage, but also improve the therapeutic effect, which is becoming a new trend of cancer treatment. Signal transduction pathways are abnormal in many tumor cells. Overexpression of receptors in these transduction pathways leads to over-proliferation and tumorigenesis. Protein kinase plays a key role in these signaling pathways, so it becomes the most important new target of anti-tumor drugs. This paper mainly includes two chapters. The first chapter mainly describes the research status of protein kinase, the action of protein kinase, and the significance of studying isokinase inhibitors by comparison. Kinase activity was discovered as early as 1954, and so far, great progress has been made in the study of protein kinase inhibitors. Such as the first listed Imatinib, as well as Schunitinib, erlotinib, Gifitinib and so on. According to the different way of complexing with substrate, kinase inhibitors can be classified into four types: type I kinase inhibitors form 1-3 hydrogen bonds with kinase hinge to occupy the active region of kinase, also known as competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate; Type 鈪
本文編號:2132876
[Abstract]:Cancer is one of the major diseases affecting human health. In the 20th century, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery were the main treatments for cancer. Targeted therapy can not only reduce side effects, reduce drug dosage, but also improve the therapeutic effect, which is becoming a new trend of cancer treatment. Signal transduction pathways are abnormal in many tumor cells. Overexpression of receptors in these transduction pathways leads to over-proliferation and tumorigenesis. Protein kinase plays a key role in these signaling pathways, so it becomes the most important new target of anti-tumor drugs. This paper mainly includes two chapters. The first chapter mainly describes the research status of protein kinase, the action of protein kinase, and the significance of studying isokinase inhibitors by comparison. Kinase activity was discovered as early as 1954, and so far, great progress has been made in the study of protein kinase inhibitors. Such as the first listed Imatinib, as well as Schunitinib, erlotinib, Gifitinib and so on. According to the different way of complexing with substrate, kinase inhibitors can be classified into four types: type I kinase inhibitors form 1-3 hydrogen bonds with kinase hinge to occupy the active region of kinase, also known as competitive inhibitor of adenosine triphosphate; Type 鈪
本文編號:2132876
本文鏈接:http://sikaile.net/yixuelunwen/yiyaoxuelunwen/2132876.html
最近更新
教材專著