本文選題：微膠囊 + 快速膜乳化　； 參考：《中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：膳食中鐵和多不飽和脂肪酸對人體健康非常有益。尤其是是對生命早期嬰幼兒的智力發(fā)育和認(rèn)知等功能非常的關(guān)鍵。這些營養(yǎng)素的缺乏在我國很普遍,尤其是在一些平困地區(qū)。膳食來源不充足或者生物利用率低是加劇嬰幼兒健康狀況堪憂的主要原因。在控制營養(yǎng)素缺乏的眾多手段中,比如說調(diào)整飲食、營養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充劑和食品的強(qiáng)化等,營養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充劑和食品強(qiáng)化得到了廣泛的認(rèn)可。它們被認(rèn)為是最行之有效也最持久的策略�；谝陨线@些原因,本研究的主要目的就是借助于快速膜乳化技術(shù),通過單因素及多因素數(shù)學(xué)模型以及合理的實(shí)驗(yàn)設(shè)計和評價方法,優(yōu)化出魚油及硫酸亞鐵微囊的制備參數(shù)和條件,開發(fā)能用于營養(yǎng)強(qiáng)化和營養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充劑的微囊化營養(yǎng)素。本論文共分為三部分,第一部分選取水油平衡比值(HLB)值為15的蔗糖脂肪酸酯(SE-15)作為O/W型乳化劑,通過設(shè)定不同的濃度梯度,采用了廣泛用于評價乳液穩(wěn)定性能的濁度實(shí)驗(yàn)對其乳化穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)行評價。相比較濃度為0.1%和0.05%的SE-15而言,0.2%和0.4%的SE-15制備的O/W型初乳乳液更加穩(wěn)定,乳化效果更好,在綜合考慮成本效益等因素條件下,0.2%濃度的SE-15更適宜作為O/W型初乳乳化劑。第二部分首次采用兩步快速膜乳化聯(lián)合兩步固化法的工藝流程制備了裝載魚油的海藻酸鈣-殼聚糖微膠囊。并應(yīng)用響應(yīng)面數(shù)學(xué)模型對制備工藝參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,并對最優(yōu)參數(shù)條件下制備的魚油微膠囊進(jìn)行表觀及體外模擬釋放特性的評價。借助于響應(yīng)面法,不僅可以大大縮短實(shí)驗(yàn)周期,還能通過優(yōu)化微膠囊制備工藝,準(zhǔn)確的預(yù)測最優(yōu)制備條件和參數(shù)。我們首次應(yīng)用的兩步快速膜乳化聯(lián)合兩步固化法的微膠囊工藝制備的魚油微膠囊具有球形完整致密、納米級粒徑以及大小均一的優(yōu)點(diǎn),同時該微囊還具有緩釋、控釋和生物利用率高等潛在的優(yōu)勢。第三部分選擇海藻酸鈉及殼聚糖為包埋壁材,快速膜乳化技術(shù)為主要制備工藝,重點(diǎn)設(shè)計并考察了三種不同乳液體系及相應(yīng)的微球固化方案對硫酸亞鐵微膠囊的影響。本實(shí)驗(yàn)開創(chuàng)性的采用W1/O1/W2/O2四相復(fù)乳體系制備硫酸亞鐵微膠囊,并實(shí)驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證了其技術(shù)可行性。同時,通過實(shí)驗(yàn)我們發(fā)現(xiàn),以海藻酸鈉為壁材基質(zhì)的微囊體系中,“鈣離子→殼聚糖”固化方案效果最佳。綜上所述,本論首先文采用濁度實(shí)驗(yàn)對在食品領(lǐng)域具有廣闊市場應(yīng)用前景的蔗糖脂肪酸酯(SE-15)進(jìn)行了優(yōu)化,并最終篩選出作為O/W型初乳的乳化劑的濃適宜度,為更復(fù)雜的乳液體系的制備奠定了堅實(shí)的實(shí)驗(yàn)基礎(chǔ)；應(yīng)用響應(yīng)面法對魚油微膠囊制備工藝和參數(shù)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,優(yōu)化條件下制備的魚油微膠囊獲得了最大包埋率,同時微囊粒徑大小均一,具有緩釋、控釋和生物利用率高等潛在的優(yōu)勢；以快速膜乳化工藝為基礎(chǔ),首次成功制備出W1/O1/W2/O2四相復(fù)乳體系,成功開發(fā)出具有包埋率高、形態(tài)完整、大小均一的硫酸亞鐵微膠囊。因此,本論文優(yōu)化的水包油性乳化劑SE-15為同類乳液制備提供了一個更加的選擇,優(yōu)化的魚油微膠囊及硫酸亞鐵微膠囊具有穩(wěn)定而高效的特性,解決了現(xiàn)有市場同類產(chǎn)品的不足,具備在營養(yǎng)素補(bǔ)充劑和強(qiáng)化食品中應(yīng)用的巨大潛力。
[Abstract]:Iron and polyunsaturated fatty acids in the diet are very beneficial to human health. Especially, it is crucial to the mental development and cognition of early life infants. The lack of these nutrients is common in our country, especially in some poor areas. Inadequate dietary sources or low utilization rate of raw materials is the health condition of infants. The main cause of the worry is that among the many means to control the lack of nutrients, such as diet adjustment, nutritional supplements and food intensification, nutritional supplements and food intensification are widely recognized. They are considered the most effective and persistent strategy. For these reasons, the main purpose of this study is to help. Fast membrane emulsification technology is used to optimize the preparation parameters and conditions of fish oil and ferrous sulfate microcapsules by single factor and multi factor mathematical models and reasonable experimental design and evaluation methods, and to develop microencapsulated nutrients for nutrition strengthening and nutritional supplements. This paper is divided into three parts. The first part is the selection of water and oil balance ratio (HL B) a 15 sucrose fatty acid ester (SE-15) was used as a O/W emulsifier. By setting different concentration gradients, the emulsion stability was evaluated by a turbidimetric experiment widely used to evaluate the stability of the emulsion. The O/W colostrum emulsion prepared by 0.2% and 0.4% SE-15 was more stable and emulsified by comparison of the concentration of 0.1% and 0.05% of SE-15. The effect is better. Under the comprehensive consideration of cost and benefit, the 0.2% concentration of SE-15 is more suitable for the O/W colostrum emulsifier. The second part is first prepared by two step rapid membrane emulsification and two step curing process to prepare the calcium alginate chitosan microcapsule loading fish oil. With the aid of response surface method, it can not only greatly shorten the experimental period, but also optimize the preparation process of microcapsule, and accurately predict the optimum preparation and parameters. The first two step fast membrane milk is used for the first time. The microcapsules prepared by the combined two step curing process have the advantages of complete spherical and compact size, nanometer size and uniform size. At the same time, the microcapsule has the potential advantages of slow release, controlled release and high bioavailability. The third part selects sodium alginate and chitosan as the embedded wall material, and the rapid membrane emulsification technology is the main method. The effect of three different emulsion systems and the corresponding microsphere curing schemes on the microcapsules of ferrous sulfate was emphatically designed and investigated. The experiment was initiated by using the W1/O1/W2/O2 four phase emulsion system to prepare the ferrous sulfate microcapsule, and the feasibility of the microcapsules was verified by the experiment. In the microcapsule system of material matrix, calcium ion - chitosan curing scheme has the best effect. To sum up, first of all, this theory uses turbidimetric experiment to optimize the sucrose fatty acid ester (SE-15), which has a broad market prospect in the food field, and finally screen out the consistency of the emulsifier as the O/W colostrum, which is more complex. The preparation of the emulsion system has laid a solid experimental foundation; the preparation technology and parameters of fish oil microcapsules are optimized by using response surface method. The maximum embedding rate of fish oil microcapsules prepared under the optimized conditions is obtained. At the same time, the size of microcapsules is uniform, and the potential advantages of slow release, controlled release and high bioavailability are obtained, and the rapid membrane emulsification is used. On the basis of technology, the W1/O1/W2/O2 four phase emulsion system was successfully prepared for the first time, and the microencapsulation of ferrous sulfate with high embedding rate, complete shape and uniform size was successfully developed. Therefore, the optimized water emulsifier SE-15 provided a more choice for the preparation of similar emulsion, optimized fish oil microcapsule and ferrous sulfate microgel. The capsule has the characteristics of stable and high efficiency, which solves the shortage of similar products in the existing market, and has great potential for application in nutrient supplements and fortified foods.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國疾病預(yù)防控制中心
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：R943

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