本文選題：氯蟲酰胺 + 硅原子��； 參考：《蘭州大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：氯蟲酰胺(Chlorantraniliprole)是杜邦公司開發(fā)的最重要的,占市場份額最大的一種雙酰胺類殺蟲劑,因其作用于獨(dú)特的魚尼丁受體,與市場上其他的殺蟲劑無交互抗性,對鱗翅目害蟲有突出的防效,對有益昆蟲和哺乳動物無害而備受關(guān)注。近年來氯蟲酰胺對害蟲抗藥性問題日益嚴(yán)重對其應(yīng)用提出了新的挑戰(zhàn)。本論文以氯蟲酰胺及其喹唑啉酮活性代謝物為先導(dǎo)化合物,引入具有農(nóng)藥增效作用的硅原子片段,“混合”鹵素原子,活性二氫喹唑啉酮結(jié)構(gòu)片段合成三個系列的氯蟲酰胺衍生物,并對這三個系列的衍生物做了鱗翅目害蟲毒殺活性測試,其中衍生物Z-30對粘蟲有較為突出的毒殺活性,衍生物Z-18對二化螟有較為突出的毒殺活性,活性均超過了氯蟲酰胺。全文由四部分構(gòu)成:1、對天然產(chǎn)物魚尼丁堿、魚尼丁受體、魚尼丁受體殺蟲劑的合成及研究進(jìn)展進(jìn)行了概述。2、吡唑3位硅醚取代氯蟲酰胺衍生物的設(shè)計(jì)合成及生物活性測定。有機(jī)硅分子因其獨(dú)特的性質(zhì)被廣泛用作農(nóng)藥的增效劑,具有提高農(nóng)藥的溶解性,滲透性,減慢農(nóng)藥制劑在害蟲體內(nèi)的代謝速度,提高農(nóng)藥的毒力和藥效等作用。本實(shí)驗(yàn)以氯蟲酰胺為先導(dǎo)分子,將硅原子引入氯蟲酰胺吡唑C-3位合成了一系列衍生物。3、鹵素取代的氯蟲酰胺衍生物的合成及生物活性測定�；瘜W(xué)農(nóng)藥盛行以來,含鹵素農(nóng)藥的數(shù)量逐年增加,含鹵素農(nóng)藥的研究和開發(fā)得到快速發(fā)展,為了實(shí)現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)藥的高效性,環(huán)境安全性等,將鹵素引入原本就有優(yōu)異活性的產(chǎn)品是研究者常用的優(yōu)化手段,市場上許多產(chǎn)品的化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)甚至出現(xiàn)“混合”鹵素。本實(shí)驗(yàn)以氯蟲酰胺為母體化合物分子,在吡啶,吡唑,苯環(huán)上引入“混合”鹵素合成一系列化合物,并對目標(biāo)化合物進(jìn)行了生物活性測試,主要針對鱗翅目害蟲,包括二化螟(Chilo suppressalis),玉米螟(Pyrausta nubilalis),粘蟲(Mythimna separata),斜紋夜蛾(Spodoptera litura)。其中部分衍生物活性高于氯蟲酰胺。4、基于氯蟲酰胺代謝產(chǎn)物途徑設(shè)計(jì)合成四氫喹啉衍生物。杜邦作物公司對氯蟲酰胺代謝產(chǎn)物的研究給了我們靈感,據(jù)此,我們把氯蟲酰胺喹唑啉酮作為先導(dǎo)結(jié)構(gòu),引入四氫喹啉結(jié)構(gòu)作為鄰氨基苯甲酰胺類化合物的胺橋部分設(shè)計(jì)合成了一系列化合物。
[Abstract]:Chlorantraniliproleis is one of the most important and most marketable bisamide insecticides developed by DuPont because it acts on unique fish nitine receptors and is not cross-resistant to other pesticides on the market. Lepidoptera pests have a prominent control effect, beneficial insects and mammals harmless and has attracted much attention. In recent years, the problem of chloramides resistance to insect pests is becoming more and more serious, which poses a new challenge to its application. In this paper, chloramides and their active metabolites of quinazolone were used as lead compounds, and silicon atoms with synergistic effect of pesticides were introduced to "mix" halogen atoms. Three series of chloramides derivatives were synthesized from the structure fragments of active dihydroquinazolinone, and the toxic activity of these three series derivatives were tested by Lepidoptera pests. Derivative Z-18 has outstanding toxic activity against Chilo suppressalis, and its activity is higher than that of chloramides. This paper is composed of four parts: 1. The synthesis and research progress of the natural products of fish nidine and fish nipple receptor insecticides are summarized. The design, synthesis and bioactivity determination of the 3-position silicoether substituted chloramides derivatives with pyrazole are reviewed in this paper. Silicone molecules are widely used as synergists for pesticides because of their unique properties. They can improve the solubility and permeability of pesticides, slow down the metabolism of pesticide formulations in insect pests, and improve the virulence and efficacy of pesticides. In this experiment, a series of derivatives .3were synthesized by introducing silicon atom into the C-3 position of chloramide-pyrazole. Halogen-substituted chloramides derivatives were synthesized and their biological activities were determined. Since the prevalence of chemical pesticides, the number of halogen containing pesticides has increased year by year, and the research and development of halogen pesticides have been developed rapidly. In order to achieve the high efficiency and environmental safety of modern pesticides, The introduction of halogen into products with excellent activity is a common optimization method for researchers, and many products even have "mixed" halogens in the market. A series of compounds were synthesized by introducing "mixed" halogens on pyridine, pyrazole and benzene rings with chloramides as parent compounds. The biological activity of the target compounds was tested, mainly for Lepidoptera pests. These include Chilo suppressalis, Pyrausta nubilis, Mythimna separa, Spodoptera litura. Some of the derivatives were more active than chloramides. 4. The tetrahydroquinoline derivatives were designed and synthesized based on the chloramide-metabolite pathway. We were inspired by DuPont crop's research on chloramide-metabolites, and we used chloramide-quinazolinone as the lead structure. A series of compounds were synthesized by introducing tetrahydroquinoline structure as the amine bridge part of o-aminobenzoamide compounds.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：蘭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R914;R96

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