發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-04-11 12:51

【摘要】：目的：探討吉林省上消化道出血(UGIB)的季節(jié)性發(fā)病規(guī)律及其與氣象因素的相關(guān)性，指導(dǎo)病人及早采取相應(yīng)的預(yù)防保健措施，以降低發(fā)病率，減少并發(fā)癥。 方法：收集吉林大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院2011年1月1日至2012年12月31日確診的UGIB住院患者的臨床資料、入院時(shí)的月份和季度歸屬及同期的氣象資料，比較各個(gè)月份、季度之間UGIB發(fā)病的差異，并分析各氣象因素與UGIB發(fā)病之間的關(guān)系。 結(jié)果：本研究共有681例患者入選，其中男性509例，女性172例，男：女為2.96：1；年齡18-103[平均(58.7±15.8)]歲，其中青年組63例（9.25%），中年組309例（45.37%），老年組312例（45.81%）。春、夏、秋、冬季UGIB的發(fā)病例數(shù)分別為141、143、201、196例，差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義（x2=25.11，P＜0.01）。秋、冬季出血發(fā)生率明顯高于春、夏季（58.30%vs41.70%, P＜0.01），秋季出血發(fā)生率高于春、夏季（29.52%vs20.70%、29.52%vs21.0%，P＜0.01）。秋季發(fā)病較多，，以10月份為最高;春季發(fā)病較少，以4月份為最少。Spearman雙變量相關(guān)分析結(jié)果顯示， UGIB發(fā)病與月平均大氣壓關(guān)聯(lián)最顯著（rho=0.738，P=0.000），其次是月平均氣溫（rho=-0.533，P=0.007），再次是月平均人體舒適度指數(shù)（rho=-0.462，P=0.023），月平均風(fēng)速（rho=-0.359，P=0.085）、月平均相對(duì)濕度（rho=0.168，P=0.431）和月平均氣溫日較差（rho=-0.005，P=0.98）與發(fā)病無明顯關(guān)聯(lián)。將月平均大氣壓和月平均氣溫代入多元線性回歸分析，結(jié)果表明：在調(diào)節(jié)了月平均氣溫因素的影響后（P=0.055），只有月平均大氣壓對(duì)UGIB的月發(fā)病例數(shù)有獨(dú)立影響（P=0.002），并可建立回歸方程：我院UGIB月發(fā)病數(shù)=-1211.401+0.349×月平均氣溫+1.254×月平均大氣壓。 結(jié)論：（1）吉林省UGIB的發(fā)病存在顯著的季節(jié)差異，秋、冬季發(fā)病率明顯高于春、夏季。（2）吉林省UGIB發(fā)病與月平均大氣壓呈正相關(guān)，與月平均氣溫呈負(fù)相關(guān)，通過多元線性回歸分析，可以建立預(yù)測(cè)方程，進(jìn)行醫(yī)療氣象預(yù)報(bào)。（3）人體舒適度指數(shù)及其分級(jí)與UGIB發(fā)病關(guān)系密切，通俗易懂，適合進(jìn)行科普宣傳，預(yù)防疾病發(fā)生。
[Abstract]:Aim: to investigate the seasonal incidence of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage (UGIB) in Jilin Province and its correlation with meteorological factors, so as to guide the patients to take preventive and health care measures as soon as possible in order to reduce the incidence rate and reduce the complications. Methods: the clinical data of UGIB inpatients diagnosed in the first Hospital of Jilin University from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2012 were collected. The month and quarter of admission and the meteorological data of the same period were compared. The difference of the incidence of UGIB among quarters and the relationship between the meteorological factors and the incidence of UGIB were analyzed. Results: a total of 681 patients were enrolled in the study, including 509 males and 172 females, male: female 2.96 ml; There were 63 cases (9.25%) in the young group, 309 cases (45.37%) in the middle-aged group and 312 cases (45.81%) in the elderly group. The incidence of UGIB in spring, summer, autumn and winter was 141143201196 cases, the difference was statistically significant (x2, 25.11, P < 0.01). The incidence of bleeding in autumn and winter was significantly higher than that in spring, summer (58.30% vs 41.70%, P < 0.01), autumn was higher than that in spring and summer (29.52% vs 20.70%, 29.52% vs 21.0%, P < 0.01). The incidence rate in autumn was more than that in October, which was the highest in October. Spearman bivariate correlation analysis showed that the incidence of UGIB was most significantly associated with monthly mean atmospheric pressure (rho=0.738,P=0.000), followed by monthly mean air temperature (rho=-0.533,P=0.007). The third is the monthly average human comfort index (rho=-0.462,P=0.023), monthly mean wind speed (rho=-0.359,P=0.085), monthly mean relative humidity (rho=0.168,P=0.431) and daily mean temperature difference (rho=-0.005,). P < 0. 98) was not significantly associated with the onset of the disease. The monthly mean atmospheric pressure and monthly mean air temperature were applied to multivariate linear regression analysis. The results showed that only the monthly mean atmospheric pressure had an independent effect on the number of monthly cases of UGIB (P = 0.002), after adjusting the influence of monthly mean air temperature factors (P = 0.055), and that only the monthly mean atmospheric pressure had an independent effect on the number of cases per month (P = 0.002). The regression equation can be established as follows: monthly incidence of UGB in our hospital =-1211.401 0.349 脳 monthly mean air temperature 1.254 脳 monthly mean atmospheric pressure. Conclusion: (1) there is a significant seasonal difference in the incidence of UGIB in Jilin Province, the incidence of UGIB in autumn and winter is significantly higher than that in spring and summer. (2) the incidence of UGIB in Jilin Province is positively correlated with monthly mean atmospheric pressure, and negatively correlated with monthly mean air temperature. Through the multi-variable linear regression analysis, the prediction equation can be established to forecast the medical weather. (3) the comfort index and its classification of human body are closely related to the incidence of UGIB and are easy to understand, so it is suitable for popularizing science and preventing the occurrence of diseases.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：R573.2

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