發(fā)布時間：2018-03-15 21:50

  本文選題：衛(wèi)校學生　切入點：臨床實習前　出處：《山西醫(yī)科大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：目的:研究長治某衛(wèi)校即將進入臨床實習的學生對病毒性肝炎知識、職業(yè)安全防護知識的知曉程度以及相關的影響因素;了解對病毒性肝炎職業(yè)安全防護重要性的認識和態(tài)度,了解學生對肝炎職業(yè)防護的教育需求,為學校進行病毒性肝炎職業(yè)安全防護教育和實習醫(yī)院的崗前培訓提供依據(jù)。方法:對長治某衛(wèi)生學校二年級基礎課程結束、即將進行臨床實習且有病毒性肝炎職業(yè)暴露風險的843名學生進行問卷調查,包括護理、助產(chǎn)、農(nóng)醫(yī)、影像、檢驗、口腔、中醫(yī)康復保健7個專業(yè),調查內容包括病毒性肝炎知識、病毒性肝炎職業(yè)防護知識、病毒性肝炎職業(yè)防護重要性認識、學生對肝炎職業(yè)防護的教育需求。采用秩和檢驗、卡方檢驗進行組間比較,采用Logistic回歸分析研究病毒性肝炎知識、職業(yè)防護知識的影響因素;采用典型相關分析研究病毒性肝炎知識、職業(yè)防護知識與職業(yè)防護重要性認知間的關系。結果:1.本次調查中,843名學生病毒性肝炎知識平均為40分、平均及格率為14.8%;答題正確率排前三位的分別是肝炎危害、預防措施、甲戊型肝炎傳播途徑。農(nóng)醫(yī)專業(yè)、護理助產(chǎn)專業(yè)學生病毒性肝炎知識及格的可能性分別比口、影、檢、中醫(yī)專業(yè)學生高了27.538倍和5.035倍;家庭中有肝炎患者學生及格的可能性比無肝炎患者學生高了2.607倍,比不清楚家庭中是否有肝炎患者的學生高了3.89倍,有醫(yī)療保險學生及格的可能性比不清楚自己是否有醫(yī)保的學生高了68.0%。2.病毒性肝炎職業(yè)防護知識平均56.3分、平均及格率48.3%;六個維度答題正確率由高到低依次為戴口罩68.3%、標準防護61.7%、手衛(wèi)生59.7%、戴手套55.3%、銳器傷46.5%、穿脫隔離衣39.0%;六個維度16個條目中答題正確率排前三位的是七步洗手法步驟、一次性醫(yī)用防護口罩更換時間、戴手套的注意事項。非條件logistic回歸分析顯示:女生職業(yè)防護知識及格的可能性比男生高1.333倍;16~18歲學生及格的可能性比16歲以下的學生低了81.9%;農(nóng)醫(yī)專業(yè)、護理助產(chǎn)專業(yè)學生及格的可能性分別是其他專業(yè)學生的3.154倍和2.952倍;五年制學生及格的可能性比三年制學生高49.1%;有醫(yī)療保險學生及格的可能性比不清楚自己是否有醫(yī)保學生低32.3%;未接種疫苗學生及格的可能性比不清楚是否接種疫苗學生低66.2%;病毒性肝炎知識及格的學生其職業(yè)防護知識也及格的可能性比病毒性肝炎知識不及格的學生高了2.799倍。3.學生對病毒性肝炎職業(yè)防護重要性認知的平均分為4.32分,7個維度中標準防護的重要性得分最高,其次為銳器傷、穿脫隔離衣;54.6%的學生認為感染乙肝病毒注射高價乙肝免疫球蛋白非常重要,51%的學生認為接觸肝炎患者的污染物后認真洗手非常重要;而29%的學生認為了解病毒性肝炎病原學非常重要,33.2%的學生認為為肝炎病人診療中采用非接觸式裝置洗手非常重要,36.7%的學生認為用完口罩立即取下不能掛于胸前非常重要。4.典型相關分析顯示:學生掌握病毒性肝炎病原體、疫苗預防接種、易感人群、肝炎危害的知識越多,就對戴手套、標準防護、穿脫隔離衣、戴口罩的重要性認識程度越高。學生對戴口罩、手衛(wèi)生、戴手套的職業(yè)防護知識得分越高,就對銳器傷、戴手套、手衛(wèi)生、穿脫隔離衣、戴口罩的重要性認識程度越高。即,學生掌握的病毒性肝炎知識、職業(yè)防護知識得分越高,就對相應的職業(yè)防護重要性認識的程度越高。5.培訓及意愿:參加過病毒性肝炎職業(yè)防護培訓的學生占51.6%,其中,92.8%的學生是通過校內學習獲得,59.8%的學生通過電視網(wǎng)絡獲得。非常愿意學習病毒性肝炎職業(yè)防護的學生有占17.5%;希望實習前參加學校進行培訓的學生;希望開設包含“病毒性肝炎職業(yè)防護”課程的學生占21.2%。結論:學生對病毒性肝炎知識的知曉度不高,對病毒性肝炎職業(yè)防護知識的知曉程度一般,而對病毒性肝炎職業(yè)防護重要性認識和態(tài)度尚好;農(nóng)醫(yī)、護理、助產(chǎn)專業(yè)學生對病毒性肝炎知識、職業(yè)防護知識的知曉程度略高;學生掌握的病毒性肝炎知識、職業(yè)防護知識越多,就對相應的職業(yè)防護重要性認識的程度越高。因此,需要加大校內的培訓力度、增加相關課程的設置,而且,學生希望從校內獲得相關知識的愿望也較強烈。
[Abstract]:Objective: To study the Changzhi medical school will enter clinical practice on students' knowledge of viral hepatitis, factors of awareness degree of occupation safety knowledge and related effects; understanding and attitude to viral hepatitis occupation safety protection of the importance of students to understand the occupational protection education needs hepatitis, provide the basis for the school of viral hepatitis occupation safety education and training hospital training. Methods: the end of the second grade curriculum in a medical school in Changzhi, the upcoming clinical practice and questionnaire survey of 843 students, the risk of viral hepatitis occupation exposure include nursing, midwifery, agriculture and medicine, image, inspection, oral Chinese medicine rehabilitation care, 7 professional the survey includes knowledge, viral hepatitis, viral hepatitis occupation protection knowledge, understanding of viral hepatitis occupation protection importance, students' occupation protection against hepatitis Demand for education. Using rank sum test, chi square test was used for comparison between groups. Logistic regression analysis was used to study the knowledge of viral hepatitis, influencing factors of occupation protection knowledge; knowledge using the canonical correlation analysis of viral hepatitis, the relationship between occupation and occupation protection protection knowledge cognition between the survey. Results: 1., 843 students knowledge of viral hepatitis in an average of 40 points, the average pass rate was 14.8%; the rate of correct answers were ranked the top three hepatitis B hazards, preventive measures, a hepatitis E transmission. Agricultural medical professional nursing knowledge, the possibility of viral hepatitis in midwifery students respectively, on examination, the specialty of traditional Chinese medicine students 27.538 times and 5.035 times; the family has the possibility of hepatitis hepatitis patients than the students who passed the students is 2.607 times higher, than do not know whether the family has hepatitis students 3.89 times higher, There is the possibility of the students who passed the medical insurance than do not know whether they will have health care students of high 68.0%.2. viral hepatitis occupation protection knowledge of an average of 56.3 points, the average pass rate of 48.3%; six dimensions of correct rate from high to low were wearing masks 68.3%, 61.7% standard protective gloves, hand hygiene in 59.7%, 55.3%, sharp injury 46.5%, energy-saving 39%; six dimensions and 16 items in the correct rate ranked the top three is the seven step hand washing steps, the disposable masks replacement time, attention to wear gloves. Non conditional logistic regression analysis showed that the possibility of female occupation protection knowledge exam 1.333 times higher than boys; the possibility of 16~18 years old students pass less than 81.9% students under the age of 16; agricultural professional medical, nursing and midwifery students pass the possibility of other students were 3.154 times and 2.952 times; five year students pass The possibility of more than three years for students in 49.1% higher; there is the possibility of medical insurance of the students who do not know whether they will have health insurance than students with low 32.3%; the possibility of unvaccinated students fail than not clear whether vaccination of 66.2% students with low viral hepatitis; knowledge of students passing the occupation protection knowledge also pass the possibility of knowledge than viral hepatitis a student who has failed 2.799 times higher.3. students average scores of viral hepatitis occupation protection importance cognition is 4.32 points, the standard protection in 7 dimensions of the importance of the highest score, followed by sharp injuries, wear gowns; 54.6% of the students think that the hepatitis B virus infection at the injection of hepatitis B immunoglobulin is very important, 51% of the students think that exposure to contaminants in patients with hepatitis after wash their hands carefully is very important; while 29% of the students think that learning is very important to understand the pathogen of viral hepatitis, 33.2% of the students. As for the diagnosis and treatment of hepatitis patients by using non-contact device washing is very important, 36.7% of the students think that the finished mask immediately removed not hanging in the chest is very important.4. canonical correlation analysis revealed that the students master the hepatitis virus pathogens, vaccination of susceptible population, the more knowledge on the harm of liver inflammation, wearing gloves, standard door, wear protective clothing, the higher the importance of understanding degree. Students wear masks to wear a mask, gloves, hand hygiene, occupation protection knowledge of the higher scores of sharp injuries, wearing gloves, hand hygiene, wear protective clothing, the higher the importance of wearing masks awareness. Namely, viral hepatitis knowledge of students, occupation protection knowledge of the higher the score, the higher the importance of occupation protection awareness of the extent of the corresponding.5. training and intention: participated in viral hepatitis occupation protection training students accounted for 51.6%, of which 92.8% of the students. Is to get through school learning, 59.8% of the students through the television network. Very willing to study viral hepatitis occupation protection students accounted for 17.5%; to participate in school training before internship students; want to set contains "occupation protection" viral hepatitis students accounted for 21.2%. conclusion: students of knowledge and awareness of viral hepatitis high rate of viral hepatitis occupation protection knowledge, which is good for viral hepatitis occupation protection importance awareness and attitude; agricultural medicine, nursing, midwifery students on knowledge of viral hepatitis, occupation awareness of protection of knowledge of higher viral hepatitis; knowledge of students, more knowledge of occupation protection the higher, on the understanding of the importance of occupation protection. Therefore, the need to increase the intensity of training, increase the relevant curriculum, and students from the school, I hope The desire to acquire relevant knowledge is also strong.

【學位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：G712;R512.6

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