本文關鍵詞： 乙肝 血清學 健康人群 監(jiān)測 防控措施　出處：《現(xiàn)代預防醫(yī)學》2017年02期 　論文類型：期刊論文

【摘要】：目的了解晴隆縣健康人群病毒性乙型肝炎(簡稱乙肝)表面抗原、表面抗體水平及表面抗原抗體同時陽性率,探討乙肝感染情況,為防控策略和措施提供科學依據(jù)。方法采用隨機抽樣方法,從全縣14個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)中每個鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)隨機抽取一個行政村,每個行政村隨機抽取8個年齡組共30人采靜脈血分離血清,采用酶聯(lián)免疫吸附法(ELISA)檢測乙肝表面抗原(HBs Ag)、乙肝表面抗體(抗-HBs)。結果 2015年晴隆縣健康人群HBs Ag、抗-HBs、HBs Ag和抗-HBs同時陽性率分別為4.52%、49.23%、1.73%;各年齡段之間、各鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)之間差異均有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.01);定點接種抗-HBs陽性率為52.73%,大于逐戶上門接種的42.39%,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義(P0.01)。8~12月齡組和5~6歲組HBs Ag、HBs Ag和抗-HBs同時陽性率呈現(xiàn)2個高峰,8~12月齡組抗-HBs陽性率最高,以后隨著年齡的增長逐漸降低,特別是5~6歲組后降幅明顯;城鄉(xiāng)結合部、邊遠少數(shù)民族鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)呈現(xiàn)HBs Ag、HBs Ag和抗-HBs同時陽性率偏高,抗-HBs陽性率偏低的現(xiàn)象。結論提高乙肝疫苗免疫及時率及基礎免疫全程接種率,加強邊遠少數(shù)民族鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)、城鄉(xiāng)結合部人群乙肝疫苗查漏補種和5歲以上人群每3~5年一次乙肝疫苗加強免疫以及加強乙肝防控措施宣傳教育,是預防和控制乙肝疫情的關鍵。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the level of surface antigen, surface antibody and positive rate of surface antigen antibody in healthy people in Qinglong County, and to explore the situation of hepatitis B infection. Methods A random sampling method was used to select one administrative village from each of the 14 townships in the county. 30 people from 8 age groups were randomly selected from each of the 14 townships in the county. Elisa was used to detect HBs Agn and anti-HBs antibody (anti-HBsAg). Results in 2015, the positive rates of HBs Ag, anti-HBs Ag and anti-HBs in healthy people in Qinglong County were 4.52%, 49.23% and 1.73%, respectively, among the healthy people in Qinglong County, in 2015, the positive rates of HBeAg, anti-HBs and anti-HBs were 4.52%, 49.23% and 1.73%, respectively. The positive rate of anti-HBs in targeted inoculation was 52.73, higher than that in door-to-door inoculation (42.39). The difference was statistically significant in 12 months old group and 5 ~ 6 year old group. The positive rates of anti-HBs Ag and anti-HBs both showed two peaks at the same time. The positive rate of anti-HBs was the highest in the age group. Later, with the increase of age, especially in 5- 6 years old group, the decrease was obvious, and the positive rate of HBs Ag and anti-HBs was higher in the remote minority villages and towns in the urban and rural areas, and the positive rate of anti-HBs was higher than that in the urban and rural areas. Conclusion to improve the immunization rate of hepatitis B vaccine and the whole immunization rate of basic immunization, to strengthen the remote minority villages and towns, the positive rate of anti-HBs is on the low side, and the positive rate of anti-HBs is on the low side. It is the key to prevent and control hepatitis B epidemic situation in the population of urban and rural conjunctions, such as hepatitis B vaccine screening and replanting, strengthening immunization once every 3 ~ 5 years and strengthening the propaganda and education of hepatitis B prevention and control measures in the population over 5 years of age.
【作者單位】： 貴州省晴隆縣疾病預防控制中心;
【分類號】：R512.62

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