【摘要】：目的:通過(guò)對(duì)衡陽(yáng)市職業(yè)性下肢外傷患者的調(diào)查,了解本地區(qū)職業(yè)性下肢外傷病例特征及其影響因素,探討職業(yè)性下肢外傷的預(yù)防策略,為降低職業(yè)性下肢外傷發(fā)病率提供相關(guān)依據(jù)。方法:以衡陽(yáng)市2013年11月—2014年10月衡陽(yáng)5所三級(jí)甲等醫(yī)院住院的職業(yè)性下肢外傷患者為研究對(duì)象,利用統(tǒng)一的調(diào)查表,對(duì)衡陽(yáng)市職業(yè)性下肢外傷患者進(jìn)行問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,并對(duì)其分布及結(jié)構(gòu)特征予以描述性分析;采用秩和檢驗(yàn)(Mann-Whitney Test)的方法,對(duì)職業(yè)性下肢外傷患者受傷嚴(yán)重程度的影響因素進(jìn)行分析,以P0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。結(jié)果:1、本次調(diào)查的衡陽(yáng)市1296例職業(yè)性下肢外傷患者中男女性別比為4.25:1;年齡多在20-39歲,占60.42%;文化程度以初中學(xué)歷者最多,占44.83%;工齡≤1年者占50.88%;經(jīng)濟(jì)收入1500-3000元/月者694人,占53.55%;勞動(dòng)者人數(shù)最多占69.68%。受傷多發(fā)月份為5月,最少為2月,每日的8-16時(shí)為事故高發(fā)時(shí)段占56.02%;2、職業(yè)性下肢外傷患者中為足部者最多占34.03%;輕微傷為主,占38.50%;建筑類為主要受傷工種(416人,32.10%);受傷危險(xiǎn)因素中注意力不集中者最多有460例(35.49%);3、52.62%的患者所在單位性質(zhì)為個(gè)體私營(yíng),有66.28%的患者在工作前未進(jìn)行崗前培訓(xùn)(教育)等;4、職業(yè)性下肢外傷患者受傷嚴(yán)重程度的影響因素分析結(jié)果顯示:壓砸傷和絞切傷患者的受傷嚴(yán)重程度較高,不同工種中工礦類的患者受重傷所占比例最高,而患者每天在24-8時(shí)工作時(shí)間段容易受傷較重,工齡短及無(wú)崗前培訓(xùn)也是受傷嚴(yán)重的重要因素。結(jié)論:1、衡陽(yáng)市職業(yè)性下肢外傷患者具有以男性青壯年為主,工齡短、文化程度及收入低等特點(diǎn),企業(yè)以個(gè)體私營(yíng)為主且大部分企業(yè)無(wú)崗前培訓(xùn);2、不同的損傷機(jī)制、工種、工齡、時(shí)間段及有無(wú)崗前培訓(xùn)均為職業(yè)性下肢外傷患者受傷嚴(yán)重程度的影響因素。
[Abstract]:Objective: to investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of occupational lower extremity trauma in Hengyang City, and to explore the preventive strategies of occupational lower extremity trauma. In order to reduce the incidence of occupational lower limb injury to provide the relevant basis. Methods: from November 2013 to October 2014, the patients with occupational lower extremity trauma hospitalized in 5 Grade 3A hospitals in Hengyang City were investigated by using a unified questionnaire, and a questionnaire survey was conducted on the patients with occupational lower extremity trauma in Hengyang City from November 2013 to October 2014. The distribution and structural characteristics are analyzed in a descriptive way. Rank sum test (Mann-Whitney Test) was used to analyze the influencing factors of injury severity in patients with occupational lower extremity trauma. The difference was statistically significant (P0.05). Results: 1, the sex ratio of male to female was 4.25: 1 in 1296 cases of occupational lower extremity trauma in Hengyang city, the age was 20-39 years old (60.42%), the education level was the most in junior high school degree (44.83%); 50.8850.88have less than one year of service, 694 people have economic income of 1500-3000 yuan / month, accounting for 53.555.The number of laborer accounts for 69.68 yuan / month. The most frequent months of injury were May and at least 2 months. The incidence of accidents was 56.02 times per day between 8-16 hours per day, 34.03% of the patients with occupational lower extremity injuries were foot injuries, 38.50% were minor injuries, 38.50% were lower extremity injuries, 38.50% were minor injuries. The main types of injuries were construction (416 persons, 32.10%), and 460 cases (35.49%) were not focused on the risk factors of injury. (3) 52.62% of the patients were self-employed and 66.28% had no pre-job training (education) before work. 4. The analysis of factors influencing the severity of injuries in occupational lower extremity trauma patients showed that the degree of injury was higher in the patients with crush injury and strangulation injury, and the proportion of seriously injured patients in different types of work was the highest. Patients at 24-8 hours a day are more likely to be injured, short working hours and no pre-service training are also important factors of injury. Conclusion: 1. The occupational lower extremity trauma patients in Hengyang city have the characteristics of male youth, short working age, low education level and low income, and most enterprises have no pre-job training. 2. Different injury mechanisms, types of work, length of service, time period and pre-job training were all factors influencing the severity of injury in patients with occupational lower extremity trauma.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南華大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R658.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 田現(xiàn)民;秦輝;;煤礦工傷救治952例初探[A];第七屆全國(guó)創(chuàng)傷學(xué)術(shù)會(huì)議暨2009海峽兩岸創(chuàng)傷醫(yī)學(xué)論壇論文匯編[C];2009年

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本文編號(hào)：2423523