【摘要】：開放性骨折是創(chuàng)傷骨科的常見病,隨著現(xiàn)代化交通工具的普及和人們生活節(jié)奏的加快,病例逐年遞增,并且治療困難。嚴重的骨折必須通過手術(shù)復位并植入內(nèi)固定支架進行治療。而由于傷口污染及引入內(nèi)固定支架所導致的創(chuàng)口感染幾乎是不可避免的,嚴重時可導致骨髓炎,必須通過抗生素給藥進行治療。然而,傳統(tǒng)口服及注射抗生素藥物容易對人體重要器官造成不可逆的損傷,長期不間斷抗生素給藥也存在產(chǎn)生超級細菌的風險,從而對人體健康甚至生命產(chǎn)生嚴重的威脅。在植入物表面構(gòu)筑載藥涂層局部遞送抗生素,是解決上述問題的有效策略。鑒于此,本文利用靜電噴涂技術(shù),在骨折支架表面構(gòu)筑具有高載藥容量的聚合物膜,然后利用電紡絲技術(shù)將聚合物多孔纖維覆蓋到載藥膜表面,通過調(diào)整纖維孔徑的密度及尺寸控制抗生素的釋放速度。主要研究工作總結(jié)為以下兩方面:1.靜電噴涂聚乙烯醇微凝膠制備聚合物膜以硼砂作為交聯(lián)劑,在水溶液中制備聚乙烯醇-硼砂(PVA-B)微凝膠。利用靜電噴涂方法,以PVA-B為基元,制備PVA-B微凝膠膜。研究結(jié)果表明,當PVA和硼砂濃度分別為25 mg·mL-1和3.0 mM時,得到粒徑為712.4 nm均勻分散的微凝膠。PVA-B膜的質(zhì)量與沉積時間為線性關(guān)系,沉積速率為0.187mg·cm-2·h-1。噴涂時間為1 h時,得到厚度為1.35μm微凝膠膜。通過傅里葉紅外(FTIR)、熱重分析(TGA)對微凝膠膜進行表征;通過應(yīng)力應(yīng)變曲線研究了微凝膠膜的力學性能。以槲皮素作為藥物模型,研究了PVA-B微凝膠膜的藥物負載能力,結(jié)果表明PVA-B微凝膠膜具有高藥物負載能力,在藥物遞送領(lǐng)域有潛在的應(yīng)用價值。2.雙層結(jié)構(gòu)聚合物膜控釋鹽酸萬古霉素將鹽酸萬古霉素(VH)與PVA-B微凝膠以1:1的質(zhì)量比混合,利用靜電噴涂技術(shù)制備VH@PVA-B膜,VH@PVA-B膜浸泡于生理鹽水中,5 min內(nèi)VH完全釋放。為減慢VH的釋放速度,利用電紡絲技術(shù)在VH@PVA-B膜表面覆蓋聚乙烯醇縮丁醛(PVB)纖維氈,結(jié)果表明當PVB纖維氈的質(zhì)量為1.036 mg·cm-2時,VH的釋放可以持續(xù)4 d。為了進一步減緩VH的釋放速率,利用乙醇蒸汽處理PVB纖維氈,隨著處理時間的延長,PVB纖維氈的接觸角降低,孔密度減少,孔尺寸縮小,逐漸轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)槎嗫啄�。當PVB纖維氈(0.842 mg·cm-2)用乙醇蒸汽處理12 min時,VH的釋放時間可以持續(xù)35 d(滿足臨床給藥需求),利用Weibull模型擬合VH釋放行為,相關(guān)系數(shù)R2高達0.982,證明VH從復合膜中的釋放屬于Fickian擴散。此外,經(jīng)過乙醇蒸汽處理12 min的VH@PVA-B/PVB膜,其在生理鹽水中釋放VH 0.5、1和2 d時均可以有效殺滅金黃色葡萄球菌。這種聚合物膜和多孔纖維復合結(jié)構(gòu)有望成為普適性的藥物控釋載體用于植入物表面。
[Abstract]:Open fracture is a common disease in orthopedic trauma. With the popularization of modern transportation and the acceleration of people's life rhythm, the number of cases increases year by year and the treatment is difficult. Severe fractures must be treated by surgical reduction and internal fixation. The wound infection caused by wound contamination and the introduction of internal fixation stent is almost inevitable, and can lead to osteomyelitis in severe cases, which must be treated with antibiotics. However, traditional oral and injecting antibiotic drugs are prone to irreversibly damage to important organs of human body, and long-term continuous antibiotic administration also has the risk of producing super bacteria, which is a serious threat to human health and even life. It is an effective strategy to solve the above problem by constructing a drug-loaded coating to deliver antibiotics locally on the implant surface. In view of this, a polymer film with high drug loading capacity was constructed on the surface of fracture scaffold by electrostatic spraying technology, and then the porous polymer fiber was covered on the surface of drug-loaded film by electrospinning technology. The release rate of antibiotics is controlled by adjusting the density and size of fiber aperture. The main research work is summarized as follows: 1. Poly (vinyl alcohol) borax (PVA-B) microgel was prepared by electrostatically sprayed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) microgel with borax as crosslinking agent in aqueous solution. PVA-B microgel films were prepared by electrostatic spraying with PVA-B as the basic element. The results showed that when the concentration of PVA and borax were 25 mg mL-1 and 3.0 mM, the microgels with particle size of 712.4 nm were obtained. The quality of PVA-B film was linearly related to the deposition time. The deposition rate is 0.187mg cm-2 h-1. When spraying time is 1 h, the thickness of microgel film is 1.35 渭 m. The microgel films were characterized by FTIR (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the mechanical properties of microgel films were studied by stress-strain curves. Quercetin was used as a drug model to study the drug loading capacity of PVA-B microgel membrane. The results showed that PVA-B microgel membrane had high drug loading ability and had potential application value in drug delivery field. 2. Controlled release Vancomycin Hydrochloride (vancomycin Hydrochloride) was used to prepare (VH) / PVA-B microgel at 1:1 mass ratio. VH@PVA-B film was prepared by electrostatic spraying. VH@PVA-B film was immersed in normal saline. 5 VH was completely released within min. In order to slow down the release rate of VH, polyvinyl butyral (PVB) fiber felt was coated on the surface of VH@PVA-B membrane by electrospinning technique. The results showed that when the mass of PVB fiber felt was 1.036 mg cm-2, the release of VH could last 4 days. In order to further slow down the release rate of VH, PVB fiber felt was treated with ethanol vapor. With the extension of treatment time, the contact angle, pore density and pore size of PVB fiber felt decreased and gradually changed into porous membrane. When PVB fiber felt (0.842 mg cm-2) was treated with ethanol vapor for 12 min, the release time of VH could last 35 days (to meet the requirement of clinical administration). The Weibull model was used to fit the release behavior of VH. The correlation coefficient (R2) was as high as 0.982. It is proved that the release of VH from the composite membrane belongs to Fickian diffusion. In addition, when the VH@PVA-B/PVB membrane was treated with ethanol vapor for 12 min, it could effectively kill Staphylococcus aureus when VH was released in normal saline for 1 and 2 days. The composite structure of polymer membrane and porous fiber is expected to become a universal drug controlled release carrier for the surface of implants.
【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R683;TQ465

【相似文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條

1 程旺興;4-(2-羥基苯亞甲胺)-安息香酸聚合物膜電催化還原血紅蛋白[J];安徽醫(yī)藥;2005年04期

2 韓昭昭;孔樺;孟潔;王超英;朱廣瑾;解思深;許海燕;;取向納米纖維聚合物膜引導內(nèi)皮細胞生長的作用[J];高等學�；瘜W學報;2008年05期

相關(guān)會議論文 前8條

1 司志宏;顧風樓;嚴鋒;;基于咪唑鹽質(zhì)子、陰離子交換聚合物膜的合成與性能[A];2013年全國高分子學術(shù)論文報告會論文摘要集——主題C：高分子結(jié)構(gòu)與性能[C];2013年

2 李為;武培怡;;一種聚合物膜上仿生礦化合成碳酸鈣的研究[A];2007年全國高分子學術(shù)論文報告會論文摘要集（上冊）[C];2007年

3 范星河;張?zhí)m英;陳思;張振琳;陳小芳;沈志豪;周其鳳;;正雙折射聚合物膜的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計與性能研究[A];2009年全國高分子學術(shù)論文報告會論文摘要集（下冊）[C];2009年

4 尉繼征;胡秀麗;陳學思;黃宇彬;景遐斌;;用FT-SPR方法研究功能化聚合物膜與蛋白質(zhì)的相互作用[A];2009年全國高分子學術(shù)論文報告會論文摘要集（下冊）[C];2009年

5 史作森;李佐;張曉龍;崔占臣;;電場誘導下LBL組裝二階非線性光學聚合物膜材料的設(shè)計、制備及性能研究[A];2007年全國高分子學術(shù)論文報告會論文摘要集（下冊）[C];2007年

6 倪磊;孟建強;張宇峰;周津;;水和鹽在雙離子聚合物薄膜中的傳遞性質(zhì)[A];中國化學會第29屆學術(shù)年會摘要集——第08分會：高分子科學[C];2014年

7 王新平;高杰;葉秀云;袁大想;倪華鋼;楊菊萍;;溶液界面控制的氟化聚合物膜表面結(jié)構(gòu)[A];2011年全國高分子學術(shù)論文報告會論文摘要集[C];2011年

8 韓雪;楊揚;尹健;丁維蓮;魯從華;;基于選區(qū)表面起皺的聚合物膜的微結(jié)構(gòu)化[A];2013年全國高分子學術(shù)論文報告會論文摘要集——主題F：功能高分子[C];2013年

相關(guān)重要報紙文章 前1條

1 陳勇;能探測腫瘤的納米顆粒[N];經(jīng)濟參考報;2005年

相關(guān)博士學位論文 前5條

1 陶文艷;新型聚合物膜和室溫離子液體的電化學研究及應(yīng)用[D];湖南大學;2007年

2 Htwe Htwe Yin;[D];中國科學技術(shù)大學;2006年

3 李春燕;表面可控/活性自由基接枝聚合制備功能聚合物膜的研究[D];北京化工大學;2012年

4 王耀;新型二階非線性光學聚合物膜材料的設(shè)計、制備與性能研究[D];吉林大學;2005年

5 竇志宇;新型燃料電池用質(zhì)子交換膜的合成和性能研究[D];吉林大學;2006年

相關(guān)碩士學位論文 前10條

1 楊新悅;聚合物基材表面巰基烯/炔點擊反應(yīng)研究[D];北京化工大學;2015年

2 段志光;納米球在聚合物膜間的結(jié)構(gòu)可控結(jié)晶[D];浙江理工大學;2017年

3 江艷;兩類聚合物膜體系的二維紫外相關(guān)光譜研究[D];復旦大學;2008年

4 鄭淼;具有刺激響應(yīng)和自修復性能的層層組裝聚合物膜[D];吉林大學;2013年

5 葛文佳;高級多孔微結(jié)構(gòu)的聚合物膜的水滴模板法制備與應(yīng)用研究[D];天津大學;2010年

6 司志紅;基于咪唑鹽離子交換聚合物膜的研制[D];蘇州大學;2014年

7 季芳琴;基于可水解聚羧酸甜菜堿酯衍生物的新型不粘聚合物膜和抗菌繃帶的研究[D];浙江大學;2014年

8 王心姣;新型二階非線性光學聚合物膜材料的設(shè)計、制備與性能研究[D];吉林大學;2006年

9 錢超;位于表面層分子受限的聚合物膜的制備及其松弛行為研究[D];浙江理工大學;2013年

10 陳維霞;甲基丙烯酸甲酯—丙烯酰胺杯芳烴聚合物膜的多尺度模擬[D];同濟大學;2008年

，

本文編號：2319756