本文選題：軟組織建模 + GPU并行加速��； 參考：《河北大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：虛擬手術(shù)作為新興的研究方向正在逐步發(fā)展起來,它是將生物力學(xué)、材料學(xué)、醫(yī)學(xué)、計(jì)算機(jī)圖形學(xué)、機(jī)械力學(xué)等諸多學(xué)科結(jié)合起來的一門新興交叉學(xué)科。虛擬手術(shù)的目的是使用計(jì)算機(jī)(主要是計(jì)算機(jī)圖形學(xué)與虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí))來模擬、指導(dǎo)醫(yī)學(xué)手術(shù)所涉及的各種過程。傳統(tǒng)手術(shù)存在高風(fēng)險(xiǎn),術(shù)后效果不理想等問題,而手術(shù)的效果受醫(yī)生的個(gè)人業(yè)務(wù)水平影響,利用虛擬手術(shù)系統(tǒng),醫(yī)生則可以在術(shù)前進(jìn)行手術(shù)演練,把通過成像設(shè)備獲取的病人圖像信息導(dǎo)入仿真系統(tǒng),這樣醫(yī)生就可以根據(jù)虛擬手術(shù)對(duì)將要進(jìn)行的真實(shí)手術(shù)步驟等作出相應(yīng)的調(diào)整或修改,或者對(duì)手術(shù)進(jìn)行較精確的前期測(cè)量和估算,從而預(yù)見手術(shù)的復(fù)雜性。作為虛擬手術(shù)的操作對(duì)象,人體器官模型的真實(shí)性與準(zhǔn)確性直接影響了虛擬手術(shù)的可靠性,一個(gè)不受醫(yī)生和病人信任的虛擬手術(shù)系統(tǒng)是沒有存在價(jià)值的,因此可以說虛擬手術(shù)中軟組織建模這部分是虛擬手術(shù)這個(gè)領(lǐng)域中尤為重要的部分。因?yàn)楦闻K具有典型人體組織的特性,所以本文選取肝臟作為研究對(duì)象,探討了人體軟組織系統(tǒng)物理建模過程中關(guān)于真實(shí)性、實(shí)時(shí)性和精確性的問題。本文的具體研究內(nèi)容包括以下幾點(diǎn):(1)為了提高形變仿真的真實(shí)度,本文在前人帶有體彈簧的質(zhì)點(diǎn)彈簧的基礎(chǔ)上,加入了彈簧的阻尼系數(shù),將傳統(tǒng)的質(zhì)點(diǎn)彈簧進(jìn)行了升級(jí),使仿真能顯示肝臟循序漸進(jìn)的變化。(2)為了獲得彈簧的彈性系數(shù),我們做了真實(shí)肝臟軟組織的穿刺實(shí)驗(yàn),通過MATLAB的擬合仿真和后期的計(jì)算,我們獲得了真實(shí)肝臟軟組織的黏性系數(shù),然后再根據(jù)公式轉(zhuǎn)換為每根彈簧的彈性系數(shù),并加入到質(zhì)點(diǎn)彈簧系統(tǒng)中。(3)為了提高仿真的實(shí)時(shí)性,本文引入了GPU并行加速的方法,將原CPU的部分計(jì)算功能轉(zhuǎn)移到GPU中,通過GPU的并行計(jì)算,提高了仿真效率,減小了仿真的時(shí)間,達(dá)到了虛擬手術(shù)對(duì)仿真實(shí)時(shí)性的要求。
[Abstract]:Virtual surgery, as a new research direction, is a new interdisciplinary subject which combines biomechanics, material science, medicine, computer graphics, mechanical mechanics and so on. The purpose of virtual surgery is to use computer (mainly computer graphics and virtual reality) to simulate and guide the various processes involved in medical surgery. There are many problems in traditional surgery, such as high risk, poor postoperative effect, and the effect of operation is affected by the doctor's personal professional level. Using virtual surgery system, doctors can perform surgical exercises before operation. The patient image information obtained by the imaging equipment is imported into the simulation system, so that the doctor can adjust or modify the actual procedure to be performed according to the virtual operation. Or more accurate preliminary measurements and estimates of the operation to foresee the complexity of the operation. As the operating object of virtual surgery, the authenticity and accuracy of human organ model directly affect the reliability of virtual surgery. A virtual surgery system which is not trusted by doctors and patients has no value. So it can be said that soft tissue modeling in virtual surgery is an important part in the field of virtual surgery. Because the liver has the characteristic of typical human tissue, this paper selects the liver as the research object, and discusses the problems of authenticity, real-time and accuracy in the process of physical modeling of human soft tissue system. In order to improve the reality of deformation simulation, based on the mass spring with body spring, the damping coefficient of spring is added to upgrade the traditional mass spring. In order to get the elastic coefficient of spring, we have done the puncture experiment of the real liver soft tissue, through the simulation of MATLAB and the later calculation. We obtain the viscosity coefficient of the real liver soft tissue, then convert it into the elastic coefficient of each spring according to the formula, and add it to the mass spring system.) in order to improve the real-time performance of the simulation, the GPU parallel acceleration method is introduced in this paper. Part of the computing function of the original CPU is transferred to the GPU. Through the parallel computation of the GPU, the efficiency of simulation is improved, the time of simulation is reduced, and the requirement of real-time simulation of virtual surgery is achieved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：R61;TP391.9

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