本文關(guān)鍵詞： 股骨頸骨折 有限元分析 空心釘 F-技術(shù) 生物力學(xué)　出處：《山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：目的:1、通過Mimics等軟件對(duì)CT數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行有限元處理,建立股骨頸骨折模型;2、獲取各個(gè)模型使用不同空心釘排布(三枚骨松質(zhì)拉力螺釘平行、空心釘“F”技術(shù))固定時(shí)的應(yīng)力、應(yīng)變、位移云圖進(jìn)行對(duì)比分析,評(píng)估指導(dǎo)臨床治療;方法:通過使用薄層CT對(duì)志愿者健側(cè)下肢進(jìn)行掃描,得到的數(shù)據(jù)以.dicom格式保存.利用Mimics軟件讀取.dicom文件完成正常股骨上段的重建。重建后模擬股骨頸骨折,保存為.inp格式文件。使用Hypermesh軟件股骨頸骨折模型網(wǎng)格化劃分后,在Mimics軟件中對(duì)股骨頸骨折模型按照公式進(jìn)行材料屬性的賦予。在UG4.0軟件建立骨松質(zhì)拉力螺釘模型(螺釘外徑為6.5mm,內(nèi)徑為2.5mm,有螺紋部分長度為20mm,螺距為0.2mm,螺釘總長度長度為90mm)并建立兩組內(nèi)固定模型將其存為.stl格式。通過Mimics中對(duì)骨折及內(nèi)固定模型進(jìn)行處理,模擬出帶螺孔的骨折模型后,在UG中對(duì)螺釘網(wǎng)格劃分并保存為.inp格式。UG中完成對(duì)二者的裝配,在Ansys中完成對(duì)骨折內(nèi)固定復(fù)合體設(shè)置邊界條件,施加載荷,定義接觸,最后進(jìn)行有限元分析計(jì)算。結(jié)果:1.較為準(zhǔn)確的建立了股骨頸骨折使用兩種內(nèi)固定術(shù)后的有限元模型。2.應(yīng)力分布位置跟其峰值:正常股骨上段最大應(yīng)力為18.968MBa,倒品排布組最大值為65.954MPa,F技術(shù)固定組最大應(yīng)力為39.532MPa;倒品排布組螺釘最大應(yīng)力為39.532MPa,F-技術(shù)組螺釘最大應(yīng)力為58.252MPa。倒品固定組遠(yuǎn)端骨折塊最大應(yīng)力為65.594MPa,近端骨折塊最大應(yīng)力18.349MPa.F技術(shù)固定組遠(yuǎn)端骨折塊最大應(yīng)力為36.591MPa,近端骨折塊最大應(yīng)力16.931MPa.3.應(yīng)變分布位置跟其峰值:正常股骨模型中皮質(zhì)骨最大應(yīng)變?yōu)?.022734、松質(zhì)骨為0.011753;倒品字排布組的皮質(zhì)骨最大應(yīng)變?yōu)?.0044786、松質(zhì)骨為0.0098978;F-技術(shù)組皮質(zhì)骨最大應(yīng)變?yōu)?.0021794、松質(zhì)骨為0.0025088。4.股骨位移分布位置跟其峰值:正常股骨上段模型最大位移為0.4488mm,倒品字排布模型的的最大位移為0.41514mm,F-技術(shù)組模型最大位移為0.4mm,結(jié)論:1.固定后股骨位移均為一個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí),F技術(shù)固定組可明顯減少松質(zhì)骨應(yīng)力應(yīng)變,更好的將應(yīng)力應(yīng)變更均勻傳導(dǎo)骨質(zhì)。2.F技術(shù)固定后螺釘應(yīng)力較倒品固定組較高,對(duì)螺釘要求更高,術(shù)后發(fā)生斷釘風(fēng)險(xiǎn)較倒品固定較高。3.F技術(shù)固定相對(duì)而言更適合骨質(zhì)情況較差患者。
[Abstract]:Objective to establish the femoral neck fracture model by using Mimics and other software to process CT data by finite element method. 2. The stress, strain and displacement of each model were compared and analyzed with different hollow screws (three cancellous lag screws parallel, hollow nail "F" technique), and the clinical treatment was evaluated. Methods: the healthy lower limbs of volunteers were scanned by thin slice CT. The obtained data was saved in the format of .dicom. The normal upper femur was reconstructed by reading the .dicom file with Mimics software. The femoral neck fracture was simulated after reconstruction. Save the file in .inp format. Use Hypermesh software to mesh the femoral neck fracture model. The model of femoral neck fracture was endowed with material properties according to the formula in Mimics software. The model of cancellous screw was established in UG4.0 software (external diameter of screw was 6.5 mm). The inner diameter is 2.5mm, the length of the threaded part is 20mm and the pitch is 0.2mm. The total length of screw was 90 mm) and two groups of internal fixation models were set up to store them as. STL format. The fracture and internal fixation model were treated by Mimics, and the fracture model with screw holes was simulated. The screw mesh was divided in UG and saved to .inp format. UG was used to complete the assembly of the two, and the boundary condition was set up in Ansys, the load was applied and the contact was defined. Finally, finite element analysis and calculation were carried out. Results 1. The finite element model of femoral neck fracture after two kinds of internal fixation was established more accurately. 2. The stress distribution position and its peak value:. The maximum stress of normal upper femur was 18.968 MBa. The maximum stress was 39.532MPa in the technique fixation group (65.954 MPA / F). The maximum stress of screw in reverse packing group was 39.532MPaF- the maximum stress of screw in technical group was 58.252MPa. the maximum stress of distal fracture block in reverse fixation group was 65.594MPa. The maximum stress of proximal fracture was 18.349MPa.F technique. The maximum stress of distal fracture was 36.591MPa. The maximum stress of proximal fracture was 16.931MPa.3.The maximum strain of cortical bone and cancellous bone was 0.022734 and 0.011753 respectively. The maximum strain of cortical bone and cancellous bone were 0.0044786 and 0.0098978 respectively. The maximum strain of cortical bone in F- technique group was 0.0021794. The position of femoral displacement distribution and its peak value were 0.0025088.44.The maximum displacement of normal proximal femur model was 0.4488mm. The maximum displacement of the reverse typesetting model was 0.41514mm / F-, the maximum displacement of the model was 0.4mm.Conclusion: 1.The femoral displacement after fixation was of one order of magnitude. The stress and strain of cancellous bone were significantly reduced in F group, and the stress of screws after fixation was higher than that of reverse fixation group, and the requirement of screws was higher. The risk of post-operative nail breakage was higher than that of reverse fixation. 3. F technique was relatively more suitable for patients with poor bone condition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西醫(yī)科大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：R687.3

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