【摘要】：隨著老齡社會(huì)的加劇,與老齡人相關(guān)的疾病呈上升趨熱,明顯的特征就是臥床不起的患者越來越多,并且伴有自主活動(dòng)和自理能力的喪失,經(jīng)常會(huì)長時(shí)間保持同種仰臥姿勢,這就容易產(chǎn)生壓瘡,而預(yù)防壓瘡最好方法是經(jīng)常翻身,并且時(shí)間間隔不能超過2小時(shí),然而對那些不易翻身的患者來說,又該如何預(yù)防壓瘡或者減少因翻身造成的次生危害呢?答案就是延長時(shí)間間隔,這就需要更為合理的人體壓力分布,本文對不同仰臥姿勢下人體壓力分布進(jìn)行對比分析,旨在探尋更為合理的人體壓力分布。 本文利用多功能護(hù)理床改變仰臥姿勢,實(shí)現(xiàn)不同的人體壓力分布,利用XSENSOR壓力分布測試及分析系統(tǒng)對不同仰臥姿勢進(jìn)行體壓分布指標(biāo)的測量與分析,進(jìn)而對人體壓力分布數(shù)值和仰臥姿勢之間關(guān)系進(jìn)行研究。在分析過程中,對XSENSOR壓力分布測試系統(tǒng)采集到人體壓力分布云圖進(jìn)行各區(qū)域的劃分,通過EXCEL、MATLAB軟件提取各區(qū)域的壓力數(shù)值矩陣,計(jì)算出人體易發(fā)壓瘡的各個(gè)部位的最大壓力、平均壓力、接觸面積、最大壓力梯度和平均壓梯度,并且根據(jù)人體毛細(xì)血管所能承受的最大閉合壓力,將壓力劃分為高、中、低三個(gè)等級,用MATLAB提取高中低壓區(qū)的面積,并計(jì)算高中低壓區(qū)的面積百分比,各自的面積百分比用%Shp、%Smp、%Slp表示。 利用SPSS16.0對所有實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行非參數(shù)K-S檢驗(yàn),顯著性水平區(qū)0.05,經(jīng)檢驗(yàn),概率P均大于0.05,符合正態(tài)分布,然后對不同仰臥姿勢之間和不同性別之間分別進(jìn)行T檢驗(yàn),檢驗(yàn)不同仰臥姿勢之間和不同性別之間是否存在顯著性差異,進(jìn)而探討合理的仰臥姿勢,并得出較為合理的仰臥姿勢。 經(jīng)檢驗(yàn)分析,提出仰臥姿勢為100-0°時(shí)人體壓力分布較為合理,此時(shí)全身最大壓力最小,足跟部最大壓力最小,相對于仰臥姿勢為0°-0°時(shí)肩胛部和頭部最大壓力有稍微的增加,臀部的最大壓力變化不大,但此時(shí)臀部、頭部、肩胛部的接觸面積也有增加,這就降低了臀部、頭部和肩胛部的平均壓力,使得臀髖部、頭部和肩胛部的壓力分布也更加均勻。
[Abstract]:With the aggravation of the aging society, the diseases related to the elderly are on the rise and hotter. The obvious characteristic is that more and more patients are bedridden, accompanied by the loss of autonomous activity and self-care ability, and often maintain the same supine position for a long time, which is easy to produce pressure sore, and the best way to prevent pressure sore is to turn over often, and the time interval should not exceed 2 hours, however, for those who are not easy to turn over, How to prevent pressure sore or reduce the secondary harm caused by turning over? The answer is to prolong the time interval, which requires a more reasonable distribution of human pressure. In this paper, the pressure distribution of human body under different supine posture is compared and analyzed in order to explore a more reasonable distribution of human pressure. In this paper, the multifunctional nursing bed was used to change the supine posture and realize different human pressure distribution. XSENSOR pressure distribution test and analysis system was used to measure and analyze the body pressure distribution index of different supine posture, and then the relationship between the value of human pressure distribution and supine posture was studied. In the process of analysis, the pressure distribution cloud map of human body was collected by XSENSOR pressure distribution test system to divide each region, and the pressure numerical matrix of each region was extracted by EXCEL,MATLAB software, and the maximum pressure, average pressure, contact area, maximum pressure gradient and average pressure gradient of each part of human body pressure sore were calculated, and the pressure was divided into high and middle according to the maximum closed pressure that human capillaries could bear. The area of high, middle and low pressure area is extracted by MATLAB, and the area percentage of high school low pressure area is calculated, and the area percentage of each area is expressed by% Shp,%Smp,%Slp. SPSS16.0 was used to test all the experimental data, and the significant level area was 0.05. The probability P was greater than 0.05, which was in accordance with the normal distribution. Then T test was carried out between different supine postures and different genders to test whether there were significant differences between different supine postures and different genders, and then the reasonable supine posture was discussed and a more reasonable supine posture was obtained. The test and analysis show that the pressure distribution of the human body is more reasonable when the supine posture is 100 擄0 擄. At this time, the maximum pressure of the whole body is the smallest and the maximum pressure of the heel is the smallest. Compared with the maximum pressure of the shoulder and head when the supine position is 0 擄- 0 擄, the maximum pressure of the buttocks does not change much, but the contact area of the buttocks, the head and the scapula also increases, which reduces the average pressure of the buttocks, the head and the scapula. The pressure distribution of buttocks and hips, head and scapula is also more uniform.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R318.01

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條

1 莊燕子,蔡萍,周志鋒,尹良勇;人體壓力分布測量及其傳感技術(shù)[J];傳感技術(shù)學(xué)報(bào);2005年02期

2 李偉;壓瘡護(hù)理新進(jìn)展[J];護(hù)士進(jìn)修雜志;2002年01期

3 何華英,杜峻,王素芳,黃百發(fā),蔡秀容,王捷;壓瘡危險(xiǎn)因素預(yù)測及預(yù)防護(hù)理研究進(jìn)展[J];護(hù)士進(jìn)修雜志;2005年09期

4 劉紅;付曉悅;余曉晨;宋強(qiáng);楊珊;;壓瘡危險(xiǎn)因素評估及預(yù)防研究進(jìn)展[J];中國護(hù)理管理;2007年02期

5 潘麗娟,田珍娣,華惠琦;褥瘡的概念與臨床護(hù)理研究[J];黑龍江護(hù)理雜志;2000年01期

6 謝鴻;蔡淑珍;何永蓮;;應(yīng)用活絡(luò)油預(yù)防壓瘡的觀察與護(hù)理[J];現(xiàn)代護(hù)理;2006年03期

7 陶新學(xué),魏艷芳,陳黛琪,李玲,歷春玲;多功能翻身固定帶的研制與臨床應(yīng)用[J];護(hù)理學(xué)雜志;2005年01期

8 李鳳瓊,朱振東,周伯嬰;負(fù)壓排尿式防褥氣墊的制作與應(yīng)用[J];護(hù)理學(xué)雜志;2005年08期

9 金英愛;林召梅;原翠紅;;鹽酸山莨菪堿在預(yù)防敏感性皮膚壓瘡中的應(yīng)用[J];護(hù)理學(xué)雜志;2006年12期

10 吳耀;陳晶;王莉;;壓瘡防治與護(hù)理的探討[J];吉林醫(yī)學(xué)信息;2009年Z1期

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 李莉;層狀結(jié)構(gòu)材料對彈簧床墊舒適性影響研究[D];南京林業(yè)大學(xué);2009年

，

本文編號(hào)：2511975