【摘要】：納米纖維素晶須是通過強(qiáng)酸水解或其他方法將纖維素中的無定形區(qū)降解，剩下纖維素微晶部分，其直徑約為1-100nm，長度約為10-1000nm，我們習(xí)慣上把它稱為納米纖維素晶須。通常利用硫酸水解纖維素的方法可以快速、高效制備出納米纖維素晶須。納米纖維素晶須具有納米級尺寸、大的長徑比、大的比表面積、高強(qiáng)度、良好的生物相容性、可降解性、低成本等優(yōu)勢使其在生物醫(yī)學(xué)材料、光學(xué)材料及復(fù)合材料的增強(qiáng)相等方面得到廣泛運用。我國是竹子的生產(chǎn)大國，竹纖維具有生長周期短、成本低、可再生等特點使其成為纖維素的主要來源之一。 本課題利用硫酸水解竹纖維的方法制備竹納米纖維素晶須，通過控制硫酸濃度、硫酸水解時間、水浴溫度等工藝參數(shù)制備長徑比相對較大的竹納米纖維素晶須，研究了納米纖維素晶須的結(jié)構(gòu)與性能以期其能夠作為生物復(fù)合材料的增強(qiáng)相。研究顯示隨著水解時間的延長其長徑比、結(jié)晶度逐步提高，在水解時間20min時竹納米纖維素的長徑比最大、結(jié)晶度最高、熱穩(wěn)定性最好之后又開始降低。同時研究了納米纖維晶須懸乳液的液晶現(xiàn)象，研究顯示隨著納米纖維素懸乳液濃度達(dá)到臨界濃度時開始形成液晶，其螺距隨著濃度的增加而逐漸減��；在相同濃度下，隨著時間的延長其螺距也會逐漸變小。通過層層自組裝技術(shù)構(gòu)建納米纖維素晶須/殼聚糖/絲素生物復(fù)合材料，研究了復(fù)合材料的結(jié)構(gòu)與性能；研究顯示經(jīng)過自組裝后復(fù)合材料隨著自組裝層數(shù)的增加孔隙率逐漸減小，力學(xué)性能逐步提高，以其作為生物支架材料得到廣泛運用。
[Abstract]:Nano-cellulose whisker is the degradation of amorphous region in cellulose by strong acid hydrolysis or other methods, leaving the microcrystalline part of cellulose, its diameter is about 100 nm, its length is about 10 脳 1000 nm, we used to call it nano-cellulose whisker. Nano-cellulose whiskers can be prepared rapidly and efficiently by hydrolysis of cellulose with sulfuric acid. Nano-cellulose whiskers have the advantages of nanometer size, large aspect ratio, large specific surface area, high strength, good biocompatibility, biodegradability and low cost. Optical materials and composite materials have been widely used in strengthening phase. Bamboo fiber is one of the main sources of cellulose because of its short growth cycle, low cost, renewable and so on. In this paper, bamboo nanocellulose whiskers were prepared by hydrolysis of bamboo fibers with sulfuric acid. By controlling the concentration of sulfuric acid, the hydrolysis time of sulfuric acid and the temperature of water bath, the bamboo nanocellulose whiskers with relatively large ratio of length to diameter were prepared. The structure and properties of nano-cellulose whiskers were studied in order to be used as the reinforcing phase of bio-composites. The results show that with the increase of hydrolysis time, the crystallinity of bamboo nano-cellulose increases gradually. When the hydrolysis time is 20min, the ratio of length to diameter of bamboo nano-cellulose is the largest, the crystallinity is the highest, and the thermal stability is the best. At the same time, the liquid crystal phenomenon of nano-fiber whisker suspension emulsion was studied. The results showed that the liquid crystal began to form when the concentration of nano-cellulose suspension emulsion reached the critical concentration, and the pitch decreased gradually with the increase of the concentration. At the same concentration, the pitch will gradually decrease with the prolongation of time. Nano-cellulose whisker / chitosan / silk fibroin bio-composites were constructed by layer-by-layer self-assembly technique, and the structure and properties of the composites were studied. The results show that with the increase of the number of self-assembled layers, the porosity and mechanical properties of the composites decrease and the mechanical properties are gradually improved. The composites are widely used as biomaterials.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中原工學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：R318.08

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

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1 王雪;劉志明;馮麗;張亞翠;王宇頌;;NCC增強(qiáng)聚氨酯泡沫的制備進(jìn)展[J];廣東化工;2013年16期

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