【摘要】：隨著當(dāng)今社會(huì)生活節(jié)奏的不斷加快，，精神疾病代替?zhèn)魅静∫呀?jīng)成為了威脅人類(lèi)生命、消耗醫(yī)藥資源最大的疾病。精神疾病的主要體現(xiàn)是腦功能異常，而磁刺激可以影響腦功能。經(jīng)顱磁刺激（TMS）是目前唯一能夠無(wú)創(chuàng)式、精確定位治療與探測(cè)腦功能的有效方法，但其機(jī)理尚不明確且存在定位困難、高強(qiáng)度等缺陷。在TMS基礎(chǔ)上，本文提出一種無(wú)創(chuàng)性、低強(qiáng)度、弱磁場(chǎng)、多參數(shù)可調(diào)的深度經(jīng)顱磁刺激（DTMS）并使用ANSYS有限元軟件分析了其影響腦功能的機(jī)理。 本文首先給出了不同類(lèi)型、不同尺寸線圈產(chǎn)生的磁場(chǎng)分布圖，然后詳細(xì)分析了在大小、方向相同的電流作用下TMS圓線圈和DTMS雙線圈的磁場(chǎng)分布圖，給出了線圈中心點(diǎn)所在直線上的磁通密度分布曲線，并歸納總結(jié)了影響磁刺激感應(yīng)磁場(chǎng)的因素，包括線圈尺寸、大腦內(nèi)部組織的電導(dǎo)率、線圈與組織的相對(duì)位置。 基于上述分析結(jié)果，本文提出了新的無(wú)創(chuàng)性磁刺激裝置—DTMS磁刺激裝置，并給出了該系統(tǒng)的總體設(shè)計(jì)方案，包括人際交互界面設(shè)計(jì)、線圈相關(guān)參數(shù)設(shè)計(jì)及控制電路設(shè)計(jì)。根據(jù)所需刺激強(qiáng)度的不同，本文對(duì)DTMS系統(tǒng)刺激波形進(jìn)行了分析。通過(guò)動(dòng)物和臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)證明了DTMS磁刺激對(duì)神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的影響。 為了研究DTMS對(duì)大腦的作用機(jī)制,本文采用有限元分析方法進(jìn)行電磁場(chǎng)的計(jì)算，給出了磁場(chǎng)參數(shù)與大腦參數(shù)之間的關(guān)系；利用ANSYS有限元分析軟件,建立了DTMS系統(tǒng)的模型，詳細(xì)分析了線圈與頭部之間的距離及灰質(zhì)邊界電導(dǎo)率發(fā)生變化時(shí)對(duì)DTMS感應(yīng)磁場(chǎng)的影響，發(fā)現(xiàn)了灰質(zhì)的邊界電導(dǎo)率是影響DTMS感應(yīng)磁場(chǎng)的重要因素，這也是影響某些腦功能的關(guān)鍵因素。 本文的研究結(jié)果為DTMS探測(cè)和治療精神疾病的機(jī)制，刻畫(huà)正常和精神疾病狀態(tài)下某個(gè)皮層功能區(qū)域內(nèi)以及區(qū)域之間的神經(jīng)電活動(dòng)特性差異提供了理論基礎(chǔ)。
[Abstract]:With the increasing pace of social life, mental illness has become the most important disease that threatens human life and consumes medical resources. The main manifestation of mental illness is abnormal brain function, and magnetic stimulation can affect brain function. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is the only effective method to treat and detect brain function accurately and noninvasively, but its mechanism is not clear and has defects such as difficult location and high intensity. On the basis of TMS, a non-invasive, low-intensity, weak magnetic field, multi-parameter adjustable depth transcranial magnetic stimulation (DTMS) is proposed and the mechanism of its influence on brain function is analyzed by ANSYS finite element software. In this paper, the magnetic field distribution diagrams of different types and sizes of coils are given, and then the magnetic field distributions of TMS circular coils and DTMS double coils under the same current size and direction are analyzed in detail. The distribution curve of magnetic flux density on the line at the center point of the coil is given, and the factors affecting the magnetic field induced by magnetic stimulation are summarized, including the size of the coil, the conductivity of the inner brain tissue, and the relative position of the coil and the tissue. Based on the above analysis results, a new non-invasive magnetic stimulation device, DTMS magnetic stimulation device, is proposed in this paper, and the overall design scheme of the system is given, including the design of the interpersonal interface, the design of the coil parameters and the design of the control circuit. According to the different intensity of DTMS system, the stimulation waveform of DTMS system is analyzed in this paper. The effect of DTMS magnetic stimulation on nervous system has been proved by animal and clinical experiments. In order to study the action mechanism of DTMS on the brain, the finite element analysis method is used to calculate the electromagnetic field, and the relationship between the magnetic field parameters and the brain parameters is given. The model of DTMS system is established by using ANSYS finite element analysis software. The influence of the distance between coil and head and the conductivity of gray matter boundary on the inductive magnetic field of DTMS is analyzed in detail. It is found that the boundary conductivity of gray matter is an important factor affecting the induced magnetic field of DTMS, which is also the key factor affecting some brain functions. The results of this study provide a theoretical basis for the mechanism of DTMS detection and treatment of mental disorders and the characterization of the differences in the characteristics of neural electrical activity within and between regions of a cortical functional region under normal and psychiatric conditions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R318.6

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