人工肩關(guān)節(jié)的模擬試驗研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-11-05 07:27
【摘要】：肩關(guān)節(jié)在人們的日常生活有著極其重要的作用,是人體上肢最重要的摩擦副關(guān)節(jié)之一。然而,肩部疼痛和功能障礙在人群中的發(fā)生率較高,肩關(guān)節(jié)疾患也是常見的疾病,病情較重時只能通過肩關(guān)節(jié)置換以恢復功能。人工肩關(guān)節(jié)置換手術(shù)開展得較早,但發(fā)展較慢;肩關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)將成為21世紀最具發(fā)展?jié)摿�、潛在需求量最大的人工關(guān)節(jié)。因此,開展肩關(guān)節(jié)假體的摩擦磨損實驗以評價肩關(guān)節(jié)配副材料的摩擦磨損特性,這對于制備性能優(yōu)異的人工肩關(guān)節(jié)材料及促進肩關(guān)節(jié)置換術(shù)的發(fā)展具有重要的意義。本文以鍛造CoCrMo合金、Ti6Al4V合金兩種金屬材料和生物醫(yī)用超高分子量聚乙烯(UHMWPE)材料組合成的人工關(guān)節(jié)摩擦副為研究基礎(chǔ),設(shè)計出肩關(guān)節(jié)假體的摩擦磨損試驗方案。開展人工肩關(guān)節(jié)磨損對比試驗,考察并比較不同人工肩關(guān)節(jié)配副的階段與累計失重量、階段與累計體積磨損量以及線性磨損率的大小及變化規(guī)律。利用Abaqus軟件,建立簡化的肩關(guān)節(jié)臼-肱骨頭模型,獲得了接觸區(qū)域的應力分布。同時,進行Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE、CoCrMo/UHMWPE配副的生物摩擦學性能測試,分析并比較兩種金屬材料在人工肩關(guān)節(jié)材料中的應用。與CoCrMo、Ti6Al4V配副的UHMWPE關(guān)節(jié)窩階段磨損體積分別在200萬轉(zhuǎn)和300萬轉(zhuǎn)達到最大值,其值分別是69.75 mm~3和87.51 mm~3,由此可預測CoCrMo和Ti6Al4V材料在植入肩部后最嚴重磨損時期分別是前2年和前3年。達到穩(wěn)定階段時,與CoCrMo、Ti6Al4V配副的UHMWPE體積磨損量大約為53mm~3和76 mm~3。500萬次結(jié)束后,Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE的累計磨損體積約是CoCrMo/UHMWPE配副的1.38倍。線性擬合后,與CoCrMo、Ti6Al4V配副的UHMWPE的累計磨損體積與試驗轉(zhuǎn)數(shù)的方程斜率分別是56.150和77.456;從而為預測UHMWPE臼的使用壽命提供一種可用的方法。與CoCrMo和Ti6Al4V配副的UHMWPE臼的平均線性磨損率分別為0.1118 mm/MC和0.1310 mm/MC。簡化模型的接觸區(qū)域集中UHMWPE臼的中上部區(qū)域,應力集中分布在接觸區(qū)域的中上部。在同等載荷作用下,與CoCrMo配副的UHMWPE臼的最大應力值較大,與UHMWPE臼配副的CoCrMo肱骨頭的最大應力值較大。在干摩擦試驗過程中,Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE的摩擦系數(shù)高于同一時期的CoCrMo/UHMWPE配副。而在牛血清潤滑試驗過程中,Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE配副的摩擦系數(shù)均低于同一時期的CoCrMo/UHMWPE配副。在兩種不同的潤滑條件下,Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE配副的磨損率均高于CoCrMo/UHMWPE配副的磨損率。
[Abstract]:Shoulder joint plays an extremely important role in people's daily life and is one of the most important friction joint of human upper limb. However the incidence of shoulder pain and dysfunction in the population is higher. Shoulder joint disease is also a common disease. Shoulder arthroplasty has been carried out earlier, but the development is slow, and shoulder arthroplasty will become the most potential and potential artificial joint in the 21st century. Therefore, the friction and wear experiments of shoulder joint prosthesis are carried out to evaluate the friction and wear characteristics of shoulder joint pair material, which is of great significance for the preparation of excellent artificial shoulder joint material and the development of shoulder arthroplasty. In this paper, the friction and wear test scheme of shoulder joint prosthesis is designed on the basis of forging CoCrMo alloy, Ti6Al4V alloy and biomedical ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) (UHMWPE) material. The comparative test of artificial shoulder wear was carried out to investigate and compare the phase and accumulative weight loss, the wear volume and the linear wear rate of different artificial shoulder pairs. A simplified model of acetabular humerus head of shoulder joint was established by using Abaqus software, and the stress distribution in the contact area was obtained. At the same time, the biological tribological properties of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE,CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair were tested, and the application of two kinds of metal materials in artificial shoulder joint was analyzed and compared. The wear volume of the UHMWPE joint fossa matched with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair was conveyed to the maximum value at 2 million rpm and 3 million, respectively, and the values were 69.75 mm~3 and 87.51 mm~3, respectively. Therefore, it can be predicted that the most severe wear period of CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V after shoulder implantation is the first 2 years and the first 3 years, respectively. At the stable stage, the volume wear of UHMWPE with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair is about 1.38 times of that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair after the end of 53mm~3 and 76 mm~ 35000 times, and the cumulative wear volume of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE is about 1.38 times that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair. After linear fitting, the cumulative wear volume of UHMWPE matched with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair and the equation slope of test number are 56.150 and 77.456, respectively, which provides a useful method for predicting the service life of UHMWPE. The average linear wear rates of UHMWPE acetabulum with CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V pairs were 0.1118 mm/MC and 0.1310 mm/MC., respectively. The contact area of the simplified model is concentrated in the middle and upper part of the UHMWPE and the stress concentration is distributed in the middle and upper part of the contact region. Under the same load, the maximum stress of UHMWPE with CoCrMo pair is larger than that of CoCrMo humeral head with UHMWPE pair. In dry friction test, the friction coefficient of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE is higher than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair in the same period. In the test of bovine serum lubrication, the friction coefficient of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE pair was lower than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair in the same period. Under two different lubrication conditions, the wear rate of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE pair is higher than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R318.17
本文編號：2311341
[Abstract]:Shoulder joint plays an extremely important role in people's daily life and is one of the most important friction joint of human upper limb. However the incidence of shoulder pain and dysfunction in the population is higher. Shoulder joint disease is also a common disease. Shoulder arthroplasty has been carried out earlier, but the development is slow, and shoulder arthroplasty will become the most potential and potential artificial joint in the 21st century. Therefore, the friction and wear experiments of shoulder joint prosthesis are carried out to evaluate the friction and wear characteristics of shoulder joint pair material, which is of great significance for the preparation of excellent artificial shoulder joint material and the development of shoulder arthroplasty. In this paper, the friction and wear test scheme of shoulder joint prosthesis is designed on the basis of forging CoCrMo alloy, Ti6Al4V alloy and biomedical ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) (UHMWPE) material. The comparative test of artificial shoulder wear was carried out to investigate and compare the phase and accumulative weight loss, the wear volume and the linear wear rate of different artificial shoulder pairs. A simplified model of acetabular humerus head of shoulder joint was established by using Abaqus software, and the stress distribution in the contact area was obtained. At the same time, the biological tribological properties of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE,CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair were tested, and the application of two kinds of metal materials in artificial shoulder joint was analyzed and compared. The wear volume of the UHMWPE joint fossa matched with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair was conveyed to the maximum value at 2 million rpm and 3 million, respectively, and the values were 69.75 mm~3 and 87.51 mm~3, respectively. Therefore, it can be predicted that the most severe wear period of CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V after shoulder implantation is the first 2 years and the first 3 years, respectively. At the stable stage, the volume wear of UHMWPE with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair is about 1.38 times of that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair after the end of 53mm~3 and 76 mm~ 35000 times, and the cumulative wear volume of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE is about 1.38 times that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair. After linear fitting, the cumulative wear volume of UHMWPE matched with CoCrMo,Ti6Al4V pair and the equation slope of test number are 56.150 and 77.456, respectively, which provides a useful method for predicting the service life of UHMWPE. The average linear wear rates of UHMWPE acetabulum with CoCrMo and Ti6Al4V pairs were 0.1118 mm/MC and 0.1310 mm/MC., respectively. The contact area of the simplified model is concentrated in the middle and upper part of the UHMWPE and the stress concentration is distributed in the middle and upper part of the contact region. Under the same load, the maximum stress of UHMWPE with CoCrMo pair is larger than that of CoCrMo humeral head with UHMWPE pair. In dry friction test, the friction coefficient of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE is higher than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair in the same period. In the test of bovine serum lubrication, the friction coefficient of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE pair was lower than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair in the same period. Under two different lubrication conditions, the wear rate of Ti6Al4V/UHMWPE pair is higher than that of CoCrMo/UHMWPE pair.
【學位授予單位】：中國礦業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：R318.17
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相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
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2 張亞平,高家誠,王勇;人工關(guān)節(jié)材料的研究與展望[J];世界科技研究與發(fā)展;2000年01期
，本文編號：2311341
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