【摘要】：骨缺損修復(fù)是目前臨床中面臨的難題之一，人們根據(jù)自體骨的結(jié)構(gòu)研制了不同的仿生骨材料用以解決這一難題，但他們大部分致力于軟骨的仿生研究，對(duì)硬組織的研究還很少見。因此，本課題旨在研究具備梯度可降解的復(fù)合仿生硬組織材料，使其具備與自體骨相似的結(jié)構(gòu)及相匹配的力學(xué)性能。 本文主要進(jìn)行了以下兩方面的工作：（1）選擇羥基磷灰石為仿生松質(zhì)骨原材料，通過微波燒結(jié)法制備出成分和結(jié)構(gòu)均與自體骨相似的仿生松質(zhì)骨，并對(duì)其生物活性進(jìn)行測(cè)試；（2）選擇純鎂為仿生皮質(zhì)骨材料，首先對(duì)純鎂進(jìn)行體內(nèi)外降解實(shí)驗(yàn)，測(cè)試其生物可降解性以及生物骨誘導(dǎo)性，然后通過對(duì)純鎂的激光表面圖案化處理來改善試樣表面的生物活性，最后利用ANSYS軟件對(duì)多孔鎂板進(jìn)行了力學(xué)性能測(cè)試。 研究結(jié)果表明：（1）當(dāng)燒結(jié)時(shí)的工藝參數(shù)為600W，15min時(shí)可制得由β-磷酸三鈣（β-TCP）和羥基磷灰石（HA）兩相組成的燒結(jié)產(chǎn)物；（2）在模擬體液（SBF）溶液中靜態(tài)浸泡18d后，燒結(jié)后試樣的表面及內(nèi)部均形成類骨磷灰石，證明該試樣具有良好的骨誘導(dǎo)性以及良好的孔連通性；（3）對(duì)純鎂試樣進(jìn)行體外生物性能研究時(shí)，將試樣浸泡在SBF溶液中，試樣的降解速度逐漸減慢，，并最終達(dá)到平衡。當(dāng)浸泡20h后，表面有鈣磷離子沉積，因此純鎂具有一定的生物活性；（4）對(duì)純鎂試樣進(jìn)行體內(nèi)生物性能研究時(shí)，在植入動(dòng)物體內(nèi)后表現(xiàn)出良好的生物可降解性，但是由于氫氣產(chǎn)生量過多以及試樣的骨誘導(dǎo)性存在不足，導(dǎo)致在實(shí)驗(yàn)前期動(dòng)物體出現(xiàn)不適現(xiàn)象；（5）通過激光表面圖案化在純鎂試樣表面制備出具有周期性的環(huán)形V凹槽微結(jié)構(gòu)，經(jīng)測(cè)試表明這種V型凹槽結(jié)構(gòu)有利于鈣磷離子的沉積，且起到了提高表面生物活性的作用；（6）通過拉伸試驗(yàn)證實(shí)了ANSYS軟件對(duì)純鎂進(jìn)行力學(xué)性能模擬的可靠性。經(jīng)過ANSYS軟件對(duì)多孔純鎂平板的力學(xué)性能模擬，模擬結(jié)果表明當(dāng)孔數(shù)為60，即孔隙率為15.072%時(shí)試樣可滿足人體骨在變形方面的力學(xué)性能需求。
[Abstract]:Bone defect repair is one of the current clinical problems. Different biomimetic bone materials have been developed according to the structure of autogenous bone to solve this problem, but most of them are devoted to the biomimetic research of cartilage. The study of hard tissue is rare. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to study the composite biomimetic hard tissue materials with gradient degradability, so that they have the same structure and matching mechanical properties as autogenous bone. The main work of this paper is as follows: (1) selecting hydroxyapatite as the raw material of biomimetic cancellous bone, biomimetic cancellous bone with similar composition and structure as autologous bone was prepared by microwave sintering, and its biological activity was tested. (2) selecting pure magnesium as biomimetic cortical bone material, the biodegradability and bone inductivity of pure magnesium were tested in vitro and in vivo. Then the surface bioactivity of pure magnesium was improved by laser patterning treatment. Finally, the mechanical properties of porous magnesium plate were tested by ANSYS software. The results show that: (1) when the sintering process parameter is 600W / L for 15 min, the sintered product composed of 尾 -tricalcium phosphate (尾-TCP) and hydroxyapatite (HA) can be prepared; (2) Bone-like apatite was formed on the surface and inside of the sintered sample after static immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF) solution for 18 days, which proved that the sample had good bone-induced property and good pore connectivity; (3) when the biological properties of pure magnesium samples were studied in vitro, the degradation rate of the samples gradually slowed down and finally reached equilibrium when the samples were immersed in SBF solution. After immersion for 20 hours, calcium and phosphorus ions were deposited on the surface, so pure magnesium had certain biological activity. (4) the biodegradability of pure magnesium sample was studied in vivo, but the hydrogen production was too much and the bone inductivity of the sample was insufficient. It leads to the discomfort of animals in the early stage of the experiment. (5) the circular V-groove microstructures with periodicity were prepared on the surface of pure magnesium by laser surface patterning. The results showed that the V-groove structure was favorable to the deposition of calcium and phosphorus ions and played a role in improving the surface biological activity. (6) the reliability of ANSYS software in simulating the mechanical properties of pure magnesium was confirmed by tensile test. The mechanical properties of porous pure magnesium plate were simulated by ANSYS software. The simulation results show that when the number of pores is 60, that is, the porosity is 15.072, the mechanical properties of human bone can be satisfied.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：R318.08

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