【摘要】：呼吸系統(tǒng)是人體重要的氧氣儲(chǔ)運(yùn)循環(huán)通道,依據(jù)人體生理結(jié)構(gòu)可劃分出近似相對(duì)獨(dú)立、相對(duì)封閉的循環(huán)系統(tǒng)。此系統(tǒng)中各參量之間存在著相互作用并且處于非常復(fù)雜的正負(fù)反饋調(diào)節(jié)狀態(tài),由此促成由吸入空氣而獲得進(jìn)入血液的氧氣,到呼出二氧化碳使得肺泡內(nèi)部產(chǎn)生負(fù)壓,進(jìn)而促成下一循環(huán)的吸氣這樣周而復(fù)始的呼吸循環(huán)運(yùn)動(dòng),以維持人的生存。正常成年人平靜狀態(tài)下的呼吸是具有一定節(jié)律的過(guò)程,參與呼吸各參量之間正負(fù)反饋的調(diào)節(jié)控制具有非線(xiàn)性特征。因此可以采用探討非線(xiàn)性問(wèn)題的理論和方法研究其各參量之間的相互作用變化行為。已有很多的研究表明,對(duì)人體生理中相對(duì)獨(dú)立的循環(huán)系統(tǒng)建立非線(xiàn)性動(dòng)力學(xué)模擬,可以較好地解釋其內(nèi)在參量的作用規(guī)律,并與已有的實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果相吻合。因此,根據(jù)生理系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行機(jī)理建立相應(yīng)的非線(xiàn)性動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,來(lái)分析所研究系統(tǒng)的生理功能是一個(gè)新的研究熱點(diǎn),受到了研究人員的普遍的關(guān)注與研究,并已取得了顯著的成果。正常成年人的呼吸是一種生理上自動(dòng)調(diào)節(jié)運(yùn)動(dòng)節(jié)律的近周期過(guò)程,目前認(rèn)為,呼吸過(guò)程中決定氣流進(jìn)出和強(qiáng)弱(用單位時(shí)間內(nèi)肺泡體積變化率的通氣量V(5)表示)的主要影響來(lái)源于兩種:(1)機(jī)械作用,其包含:(1)大氣壓0p與肺泡內(nèi)氣壓p之差0(35)p=p-p引起的氣體流動(dòng);(2)肺泡(和氣道)形變對(duì)氣壓差的影響;(2)化學(xué)反饋?zhàn)饔?主要是血液中的CO2和O2的濃度變化作用在相關(guān)感受器,后經(jīng)迷走神經(jīng)反饋到腦的呼吸中樞,再反過(guò)來(lái)作用在相關(guān)的呼吸肌上影響通氣量V(5)的變化。本文基于人體生理結(jié)構(gòu)及對(duì)臨床實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的分析,全面地考慮呼吸系統(tǒng)中各參量調(diào)節(jié)控制作用及其機(jī)理,首次建立了一個(gè)人體肺呼吸系統(tǒng)的非線(xiàn)性動(dòng)力學(xué)模型,并借助MATLAB計(jì)算平臺(tái)求解出了此模型的周期振蕩解、倍周期解和混沌解,并且在周期振蕩解的合理參數(shù)基礎(chǔ)上,通過(guò)設(shè)定特定通道參量的改變,以模擬出部分呼吸疾病的情況,得到了較為切合臨床已有實(shí)驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)的模擬結(jié)果。結(jié)果表明:由所建立的人體肺呼吸系統(tǒng)非線(xiàn)性動(dòng)力學(xué)模型模擬所得的各參量數(shù)值及其變化與實(shí)驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果一致,因此,模型是合理的。
[Abstract]:Respiratory system is an important circulation channel of oxygen storage and transportation. According to the physiological structure of human body, it can be divided into relatively independent and relatively closed circulation system. There is interaction between the parameters in this system and it is in a very complex positive and negative feedback regulation state, which causes oxygen to enter the blood by inhaling air, and the exhalation of carbon dioxide creates negative pressure in the alveoli. In turn, the next cycle of inhale, such as the repeated cycle of respiration, to maintain the survival of human beings. In normal adults, breathing is a rhythmic process, and the regulation and control of positive and negative feedback among the parameters involved in breathing have nonlinear characteristics. Therefore, the theory and method of nonlinear problems can be used to study the interaction between the parameters. Many studies have shown that the establishment of nonlinear dynamic simulation of relatively independent circulatory system in human physiology can better explain the law of the action of its internal parameters, and it is in agreement with the existing experimental results. Therefore, it is a new research hotspot to establish the corresponding nonlinear dynamic model according to the mechanism of physiological system operation to analyze the physiological function of the studied system. Remarkable results have been achieved. Breathing in normal adults is a near-periodic process that automatically regulates motion rhythms, and is now thought to be, The main effects of determining the air flow in and out of the respiratory process (expressed in terms of ventilation volume V (5) in terms of alveolar volume change rate per unit of time) come from two main sources: (1) mechanical action, It includes: (1) the gas flow caused by the difference between atmospheric pressure (0 p) and intraalveolar pressure (P) 0 (35) p=p-p; (2) the effect of alveolar (and airway) deformation on air pressure difference; (2) chemical feedback: the change of concentration of CO2 and O2 in blood is mainly affected by the related receptors. The vagus nerve fed back to the brain's respiratory center, which in turn affected the changes of ventilation V _ (5) in the related respiratory muscles. Based on the physiological structure of human body and the analysis of clinical experimental results, a nonlinear dynamic model of human lung respiratory system was established for the first time. The periodic oscillation solution, the double periodic solution and the chaotic solution are obtained by using the MATLAB computing platform. On the basis of reasonable parameters of the periodic oscillation solution, the partial respiratory disease is simulated by setting the change of the specific channel parameters. The simulation results are obtained, which are suitable for the clinical experimental data. The results show that the values and changes of the parameters obtained from the established nonlinear dynamic model of human lung and respiratory system are in agreement with the experimental results, so the model is reasonable.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R318;O322

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