【摘要】：骨的力電性質(zhì),即骨內(nèi)應(yīng)力產(chǎn)生電位的情況,產(chǎn)生于兩種機(jī)理,壓電效應(yīng)和動(dòng)電現(xiàn)象。一般來(lái)說(shuō),骨在電場(chǎng)中會(huì)產(chǎn)生彎曲變形一般是由于逆壓電效應(yīng)造成的,目前許多對(duì)于骨的研究都是基于骨的壓電效應(yīng)展開的。但是作為一種二次效應(yīng),一般電介質(zhì)內(nèi)部的壓電效應(yīng)與電致伸縮效應(yīng)一般是同時(shí)發(fā)生的,而牛干骨在均勻電場(chǎng)下是否會(huì)產(chǎn)生電致伸縮效應(yīng)卻鮮有人進(jìn)行研究。本文的目的就是通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)的方法,對(duì)牛干骨是否會(huì)產(chǎn)生電致伸縮效應(yīng)進(jìn)行研究。 本文設(shè)計(jì)了分離的電極對(duì)牛干骨試件加載均勻電場(chǎng),減少了原來(lái)預(yù)置電極對(duì)試件彎曲的影響。用高分辨率顯微鏡分別對(duì)加載前后試件頂端截面進(jìn)行圖像采集,然后通過(guò)數(shù)字圖像相關(guān)的方法計(jì)算得到試件在加載電壓下的位移。 通過(guò)改變電場(chǎng)的大小及方向,對(duì)試件在電場(chǎng)下的位移情況進(jìn)行了測(cè)量,發(fā)現(xiàn)試件的彎曲方向與加載電場(chǎng)的方向無(wú)關(guān),并且彎曲位移大小與加載電壓的二次方成正比,所以彎曲現(xiàn)象與電致伸縮效應(yīng)相符,發(fā)生此現(xiàn)象的原因可能是試件內(nèi)部的電荷與帶電的電極相互吸引引起,此時(shí)試件可以等效于受均布載荷的懸臂梁,并計(jì)算了試件彎曲時(shí)的最大應(yīng)變值。 本文也測(cè)試了不同厚度下的試件在電場(chǎng)中的位移,并將試件的彈性模量和慣性矩引入到數(shù)據(jù)處理當(dāng)中,對(duì)試件在電場(chǎng)中所受的等效均布載荷進(jìn)行了分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)不同厚度下的試件所受的載荷有集中趨勢(shì),并且載荷也與電壓的平方成正比。
[Abstract]:The electromechanical properties of bone, I. e., the potential generation of bone stress, arise from two mechanisms, the piezoelectric effect and the electrokinetic phenomenon. Generally speaking, the bending deformation of bone in electric field is usually caused by inverse piezoelectric effect. At present, many researches on bone are based on the piezoelectric effect of bone. However, as a kind of secondary effect, the piezoelectric effect and electrostrictive effect in general dielectric generally occur at the same time, but there are few studies on whether the bovine dry bone will produce electrostrictive effect under the uniform electric field. The purpose of this paper is to study the electrostrictive effect of dried bovine bone by experimental method. In this paper, the separation electrode is designed to load uniform electric field on the dried bone specimen, which reduces the effect of the preset electrode on the bending of the specimen. The top section of the specimen before and after loading was collected by high resolution microscope, and then the displacement of the specimen under the loading voltage was calculated by the method of digital image correlation. By changing the magnitude and direction of the electric field, the displacement of the specimen under the electric field is measured. It is found that the bending direction of the specimen is independent of the direction of the loading electric field, and the magnitude of the bending displacement is proportional to the quadratic power of the loading voltage. So the bending phenomenon is consistent with the electrostrictive effect, and the reason for this phenomenon may be that the charge inside the specimen and the charged electrode attract each other, so that the specimen can be equivalent to the cantilever beam subjected to uniform load. The maximum strain value of the specimen in bending is calculated. In this paper, the displacement of specimens with different thickness in electric field is also measured, and the elastic modulus and moment of inertia of the specimen are introduced into the data processing, and the equivalent uniform load on the specimen in the electric field is analyzed. It is found that the load of specimens with different thickness is concentrated and the load is proportional to the square of voltage.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：O482.41;R312

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