激光寬場多普勒血液流速系統(tǒng)關鍵技術研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-29 17:12
【摘要】：血液與人體健康不可分割,通過研究血液微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)可以得到身體組織病變情況,例如燒傷、眼底疾病等。傳統(tǒng)血液流速的檢測方法主要是超聲波,但是超聲波橫向分辨率不足,只能夠測量動脈和較粗靜脈血流,無法檢測血液微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)。而采用激光多普勒測血流,可以滿足血液微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)檢測橫向分辨率的要求,又具有無創(chuàng)性、操作簡單等優(yōu)點,在臨床醫(yī)學上有廣泛的應用價值,所以在國內外醫(yī)療器械方面?zhèn)涫荜P注。通過查閱相關文獻研究了多種激光多普勒血液流速系統(tǒng)后,本設計摒棄單點和掃描式測血流的方法,而選擇目前具有代表性的激光寬場多普勒成像測血流技術做為主要研究對象。主要研究內容如下:1.深入學習光外差干涉理論和血液灌注成像理論,結合激光多普勒血液流速系統(tǒng)特點,對光源、圖像傳感器等關鍵器件進行選型。綜合分析現(xiàn)有實驗系統(tǒng)結構,設計了一種新式檢測光路系統(tǒng)。2.完成高幀頻圖像采集系統(tǒng)硬件電路設計,包括:圖像傳感器控制電路、現(xiàn)場可編程門陣列(FPGA)交互電路、同步動態(tài)存儲器(SDRAM)控制電路、單片機STC51接口電路和CY7C68013A外圍電路。在PCB設計階段進行串擾仿真和反射仿真,確定器件走線拓撲結構、端接方式、板層結構等規(guī)則約束,并繪制PCB板。3.激光寬場多普勒血液流速系統(tǒng)軟件設計,包括:FPGA時鐘管理程序設計、圖像傳感器控制程序設計、SDRAM讀寫程序設計、CY7C68013A讀寫程序設計、CY7C68013A固件程序和USB 2.0上位機控制程序設計等。程序模塊之間采用仿順序操作和并行操作相結合的方式進行交互,并利用Modelsim-Altera對每個邏輯模塊進行仿真。最后,利用Labview中的VISA控件完成了上位機界面制作,并與高幀頻圖像采集系統(tǒng)建立通信。4.利用自主設計的高幀頻圖像采集設備搭建了實驗系統(tǒng),對活體皮膚組織進行成像,系統(tǒng)采樣幀頻為8kfps,得到組織血液微循環(huán)系統(tǒng)灌注成像圖最大分辨率為64x64,并能夠清晰看到血流圖變化。通過進一步白板實驗研究,消除了實驗系統(tǒng)噪聲對血流成像產生的影響,并對血液灌注成像影響因素進行了分析。
[Abstract]:Blood is inseparable from human health. By studying the blood microcirculation system, we can obtain pathological changes of the body, such as burns, fundus diseases and so on. Ultrasonic is the main method to detect blood velocity, but ultrasonic is not enough to measure arterial and coarse venous blood flow, and can not detect blood microcirculation system. Laser Doppler measurement of blood flow can meet the requirements of blood microcirculation system for lateral resolution, and has the advantages of non-invasive, simple operation, etc., and has wide application value in clinical medicine. So in the domestic and foreign medical devices concerned. After the study of various laser Doppler blood flow velocity systems, the method of single point and scanning blood flow measurement was abandoned in this design. The main research object is laser wide-field Doppler imaging. The main research contents are as follows: 1. The light heterodyne interference theory and blood perfusion imaging theory are studied in depth. Combined with the characteristics of laser Doppler blood velocity system, the light source, image sensor and other key devices are selected. Based on the analysis of the existing experimental system structure, a new detection optical path system. 2. 2 was designed. The hardware circuit design of high frame rate image acquisition system includes: image sensor control circuit, field programmable gate array (FPGA) interactive circuit, synchronous dynamic memory (SDRAM) control circuit, MCU STC51 interface circuit and CY7C68013A peripheral circuit. Crosstalk simulation and reflection simulation are carried out in the design phase of PCB to determine the circuit topology, termination mode and layer structure of the device, and draw the PCB board. 3. The software design of laser wide field Doppler blood flow velocity system includes the design of clock management program on USB, the control program of image sensor and the reading and writing program of SDRAM. The firmware program of CY7C68013A and the control program of USB 2.0 are designed. The program modules interact with each other by the combination of sequence operation and parallel operation, and each logic module is simulated by Modelsim-Altera. Finally, the upper computer interface is made by using the VISA control in Labview, and the communication with the high frame rate image acquisition system is established. 4. An experimental system was set up using the self-designed high frame rate image acquisition equipment to image the skin tissue in vivo. The maximum resolution of perfusion imaging of tissue blood microcirculation system is 64 x 64, and the change of blood flow graph can be clearly seen. The influence of experimental system noise on blood flow imaging is eliminated by further whiteboard experiment and the influencing factors of blood perfusion imaging are analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R318;TP391.41
本文編號：2211870
[Abstract]:Blood is inseparable from human health. By studying the blood microcirculation system, we can obtain pathological changes of the body, such as burns, fundus diseases and so on. Ultrasonic is the main method to detect blood velocity, but ultrasonic is not enough to measure arterial and coarse venous blood flow, and can not detect blood microcirculation system. Laser Doppler measurement of blood flow can meet the requirements of blood microcirculation system for lateral resolution, and has the advantages of non-invasive, simple operation, etc., and has wide application value in clinical medicine. So in the domestic and foreign medical devices concerned. After the study of various laser Doppler blood flow velocity systems, the method of single point and scanning blood flow measurement was abandoned in this design. The main research object is laser wide-field Doppler imaging. The main research contents are as follows: 1. The light heterodyne interference theory and blood perfusion imaging theory are studied in depth. Combined with the characteristics of laser Doppler blood velocity system, the light source, image sensor and other key devices are selected. Based on the analysis of the existing experimental system structure, a new detection optical path system. 2. 2 was designed. The hardware circuit design of high frame rate image acquisition system includes: image sensor control circuit, field programmable gate array (FPGA) interactive circuit, synchronous dynamic memory (SDRAM) control circuit, MCU STC51 interface circuit and CY7C68013A peripheral circuit. Crosstalk simulation and reflection simulation are carried out in the design phase of PCB to determine the circuit topology, termination mode and layer structure of the device, and draw the PCB board. 3. The software design of laser wide field Doppler blood flow velocity system includes the design of clock management program on USB, the control program of image sensor and the reading and writing program of SDRAM. The firmware program of CY7C68013A and the control program of USB 2.0 are designed. The program modules interact with each other by the combination of sequence operation and parallel operation, and each logic module is simulated by Modelsim-Altera. Finally, the upper computer interface is made by using the VISA control in Labview, and the communication with the high frame rate image acquisition system is established. 4. An experimental system was set up using the self-designed high frame rate image acquisition equipment to image the skin tissue in vivo. The maximum resolution of perfusion imaging of tissue blood microcirculation system is 64 x 64, and the change of blood flow graph can be clearly seen. The influence of experimental system noise on blood flow imaging is eliminated by further whiteboard experiment and the influencing factors of blood perfusion imaging are analyzed.
【學位授予單位】：電子科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：R318;TP391.41
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