聚乳酸納米纖維支架的構(gòu)建與改性及其納米力學(xué)性能研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-07-18 13:22
【摘要】:組織工程支架在再生醫(yī)學(xué)中發(fā)揮了舉足輕重的作用,其目的是修復(fù)和重建缺失或功能損傷的組織器官。支架可以為組織再生提供三維模板和人工細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)環(huán)境。而通過模擬天然細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)的結(jié)構(gòu)(如細(xì)胞外基質(zhì)組分中膠原的納米纖維結(jié)構(gòu))以及優(yōu)良的表面性能來構(gòu)建支架,是組織工程非常重要的研究領(lǐng)域。 本研究通過熱致相分離法制得了具有高孔隙率和高比表面積的三維聚乳酸(PLLA)納米纖維支架。對熱致相分離過程早期即PLLA納米纖維成型過程中的結(jié)構(gòu)演變以及納米尺度的性能變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究。利用掃描電子顯微鏡、X射線衍射、紅外光譜、差示掃描量熱法、X射線光電子能譜、接觸角測試、原子力顯微鏡以及力譜測試等對其形貌、相轉(zhuǎn)變、結(jié)晶行為、表面化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)、表面性能、親疏水性能、高分子鏈的構(gòu)象、表面粘附力以及彈性模量的變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行了研究。通過引入檸檬酸(CA)和氧等離子體處理來調(diào)節(jié)支架的表面性質(zhì),并研究了其對細(xì)胞行為的影響。 熱致相分離法主要包括以下四個(gè)步驟:PLLA的溶解、冷凍凝膠化、溶劑置換和真空冷凍干燥。熱致相分離過程是由溫度決定的,首先形成的是由納米顆?s合而成的無定形沉積物,隨后PLLA成核結(jié)晶。在冷凍凝膠化不充分的情況下,如冷凍1min,溫度由60°C降至15°C的情況下形成的是α-型晶體,構(gòu)成片狀網(wǎng)絡(luò)結(jié)構(gòu);而冷凍凝膠化足夠時(shí)間、溫度降至0°C及以下時(shí),形成較無序的α′-型晶體且溫度越低含量越高,形態(tài)為納米纖維結(jié)構(gòu)并逐漸均一化。最終的PLLA納米纖維的直徑分布比較均勻,尺寸在150-350nm范圍內(nèi),這與天然膠原纖維的尺寸相近。隨著冷凍凝膠化時(shí)間的遞增,PLLA樣品的結(jié)晶度逐漸增大,,且高分子鏈的結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生了重排,排列變得更加緊密、有序。PLLA納米纖維成型過程中,結(jié)構(gòu)的重排導(dǎo)致非極性的甲基在表面富集,使得接觸角增大、表面疏水性增強(qiáng)。 通過在生理鹽水和磷酸鹽緩沖液中進(jìn)行的體外水解降解實(shí)驗(yàn)以及細(xì)胞生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)對具有不同凝膠化時(shí)間的PLLA支架的生物降解性能和生物相容性進(jìn)行表征。PLLA納米纖維成型過程中的形貌、結(jié)晶行為、化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)、表面性能以及高分子鏈構(gòu)象的變化和其親疏水性、降解性能以及生物相容性具有直接的關(guān)系。PLLA的結(jié)晶以及疏水性的增強(qiáng)不利于PLLA支架的水解降解,但是PLLA納米纖維支架更適于細(xì)胞的黏附和增殖。 利用AFM、TEM等對PLLA納米纖維的成型機(jī)理以及微觀結(jié)構(gòu)做了進(jìn)一步的研究,并通過AFM力譜測試、納米壓痕、納米刻蝕等功能對PLLA納米纖維成型過程中以及形變前后的納米力學(xué)性能(粘附力、彈性模量等)的變化規(guī)律進(jìn)行了分析。PLLA溶液通過液-液相分離形成富-高分子相和富-溶劑相,隨后在富-高分子相中成核結(jié)晶形成納米顆粒狀晶體,顆粒狀晶體有序排列形成了尺寸較小的纖維單元(70-100nm),最后較小的纖維再橫向自組裝形成完整的PLLA納米纖維。PLLA的表面結(jié)構(gòu)(如高分子鏈的構(gòu)象以及排列方式)等的變化和其納米力學(xué)性能有直接的關(guān)系。PLLA納米纖維由于高分子鏈排列更緊密、更有序,因而具有更高的表面粘附力以及彈性模量。利用納米刻蝕技術(shù)在單根納米纖維表面進(jìn)行劃痕,產(chǎn)生的形變由擠壓應(yīng)力和剪切應(yīng)力共同作用,分別使PLLA納米纖維的高分子鏈緊密排列和取向有序排列。形變后的表面粘附力和彈性模量都有明顯的增大。 為了改善PLLA納米纖維支架的表面親疏水性,進(jìn)一步提高其細(xì)胞親和性,在熱致相分離法制備三維PLLA納米纖維支架的基礎(chǔ)上,通過引入CA和氧等離子體處理兩種方法對PLLA支架進(jìn)行表面改性。并對改性前后PLLA支架的形貌、物理化學(xué)結(jié)構(gòu)、表面性能的變化進(jìn)行表征,并通過細(xì)胞生物學(xué)評價(jià)(細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)與種植、細(xì)胞黏附與增殖、細(xì)胞活性、成骨誘導(dǎo)、基因表達(dá)等)對表面改性后的PLLA支架的細(xì)胞相容性及其對干細(xì)胞原位誘導(dǎo)的影響進(jìn)行了研究。表面改性后,都引入了強(qiáng)極性的 COOH基團(tuán),使得PLLA支架的接觸角大幅度降低,改善了其親水性,使其處于最適于細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)的范圍內(nèi)(40-80°)。表面改性提高了PLLA支架的細(xì)胞親和性,促進(jìn)了mBMSCs細(xì)胞的黏附、鋪展,且有大量細(xì)胞觸角和納米纖維相結(jié)合。細(xì)胞的增殖速率和活性也有明顯的提高。在成骨誘導(dǎo)實(shí)驗(yàn)中,從堿性磷酸酶染色和茜素紅染色觀察到改性前后的PLLA支架上的細(xì)胞都分泌了堿性磷酸酶和鈣結(jié)晶,而改性后的支架上細(xì)胞的堿性磷酸酶活性有顯著的提高。通過RT-PCR基因表達(dá)實(shí)驗(yàn)對主要的成骨標(biāo)識物(ALP、COL、OCN和Cbfa-1/Runx-2)在分子水平上的表達(dá)進(jìn)行檢測,并證明改性后的PLLA支架更能促進(jìn)這些成骨基因的表達(dá)。由此可以得出:所有的PLLA支架都適于mBMSCs細(xì)胞的成骨誘導(dǎo),且在表面改性后的PLLA支架上成骨誘導(dǎo)效果更好。
[Abstract]:Tissue engineering scaffolds play a pivotal role in regenerative medicine with the aim of repairing and reconstructing tissue organs that are missing or functionally damaged . The scaffold can provide three - dimensional templates and an artificial extracellular matrix environment for tissue regeneration . The scaffold can be constructed by simulating the structure of natural extracellular matrix , such as the nanofiber structure of collagen in extracellular matrix components , and excellent surface properties , and is a very important field of research in tissue engineering .
The changes of morphology , phase transition , crystal behavior , surface chemical structure , surface properties , hydrophobic properties , conformation of polymer chain , surface adhesion and elastic modulus were studied by scanning electron microscope , X - ray diffraction , infrared spectrum , differential scanning calorimetry , X - ray photoelectron spectroscopy , contact angle test , atomic force microscope and force spectrum test . The effects of citric acid ( CA ) and oxygen plasma treatment on the surface properties of scaffolds were studied .
The thermal - induced phase separation method mainly comprises the following four steps : dissolving , freezing gelation , solvent replacement and vacuum freeze drying in the following four steps : firstly , forming an amorphous deposit formed by condensation of nano particles , forming amorphous deposits formed by condensation of nano particles , and then nucleating and crystallizing .
The results showed that the crystallinity of the polymer chains increased gradually with the increasing of the gelation time , and the arrangement became more compact and orderly . During the formation of the polymer chains , the rearrangement of the structure led to the accumulation of the nonpolar methyl groups on the surface , so that the contact angle increased and the surface hydrophobicity was enhanced .
The biodegradation performance and biocompatibility were characterized by in vitro hydrolytic degradation experiment and cell biology experiment in physiological saline and phosphate buffer . The morphology , crystallization behavior , chemical structure , surface property and polymer chain conformation were directly related to the changes of morphology , crystallization behavior , chemical structure , surface property and polymer chain conformation .
In this paper , the mechanism of nano - fiber formation and its microstructure were studied by AFM , TEM , etc . The changes of mechanical properties ( adhesion , elastic modulus , etc . ) were studied by AFM , nano - indentation and nano - etching .
涓轟簡鏀瑰杽PLLA綰崇背綰ょ淮鏀灦鐨勮〃闈翰鐤忔按鎬
本文編號:2132029
[Abstract]:Tissue engineering scaffolds play a pivotal role in regenerative medicine with the aim of repairing and reconstructing tissue organs that are missing or functionally damaged . The scaffold can provide three - dimensional templates and an artificial extracellular matrix environment for tissue regeneration . The scaffold can be constructed by simulating the structure of natural extracellular matrix , such as the nanofiber structure of collagen in extracellular matrix components , and excellent surface properties , and is a very important field of research in tissue engineering .
The changes of morphology , phase transition , crystal behavior , surface chemical structure , surface properties , hydrophobic properties , conformation of polymer chain , surface adhesion and elastic modulus were studied by scanning electron microscope , X - ray diffraction , infrared spectrum , differential scanning calorimetry , X - ray photoelectron spectroscopy , contact angle test , atomic force microscope and force spectrum test . The effects of citric acid ( CA ) and oxygen plasma treatment on the surface properties of scaffolds were studied .
The thermal - induced phase separation method mainly comprises the following four steps : dissolving , freezing gelation , solvent replacement and vacuum freeze drying in the following four steps : firstly , forming an amorphous deposit formed by condensation of nano particles , forming amorphous deposits formed by condensation of nano particles , and then nucleating and crystallizing .
The results showed that the crystallinity of the polymer chains increased gradually with the increasing of the gelation time , and the arrangement became more compact and orderly . During the formation of the polymer chains , the rearrangement of the structure led to the accumulation of the nonpolar methyl groups on the surface , so that the contact angle increased and the surface hydrophobicity was enhanced .
The biodegradation performance and biocompatibility were characterized by in vitro hydrolytic degradation experiment and cell biology experiment in physiological saline and phosphate buffer . The morphology , crystallization behavior , chemical structure , surface property and polymer chain conformation were directly related to the changes of morphology , crystallization behavior , chemical structure , surface property and polymer chain conformation .
In this paper , the mechanism of nano - fiber formation and its microstructure were studied by AFM , TEM , etc . The changes of mechanical properties ( adhesion , elastic modulus , etc . ) were studied by AFM , nano - indentation and nano - etching .
涓轟簡鏀瑰杽PLLA綰崇背綰ょ淮鏀灦鐨勮〃闈翰鐤忔按鎬
本文編號:2132029
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