本文選題：霍爾傳感器 + 磁偶極子模型　； 參考：《上海交通大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：為了解決介入式診療裝置在體內(nèi)的定位問題,本文在國家863計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(編號:2006AA04Z368)的資助和支持下,以上海交通大學(xué)為檢測消化道的pH值、溫度、壓力等生理參數(shù)而研制的人體胃腸道無創(chuàng)診療系統(tǒng)為技術(shù)背景,對基于霍爾原理的體外磁場檢測方法作了比較深入的研究,力圖找到一種原理可行,滿足實(shí)用要求,使用方便可靠的磁定位方法。 比較目前存在的各種定位方法,發(fā)現(xiàn)基于霍爾原理的磁定位方式具有非接觸、快速、應(yīng)用簡便的特點(diǎn)。本文在分析永磁體空間磁場分布規(guī)律的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了一種新的基于永磁體磁場和霍爾傳感器陣列的體外磁跟蹤定位技術(shù),并設(shè)計(jì)了體外磁跟蹤定位系統(tǒng)。該系統(tǒng)工作流程具體如下:首先,在用于檢測人體胃腸道的微型診療裝置內(nèi)放置一特定永磁體作為磁源;然后,在患者體外放置利用霍爾線性傳感器組成傳感器模塊陣列,檢測進(jìn)入人體后微型裝置的磁場信息;之后,檢測信息經(jīng)由單片機(jī)、可編程放大器(PGA)、AD轉(zhuǎn)換器組成的控制模塊進(jìn)行處理;最后,由主控計(jì)算機(jī)求解由磁偶極子模型建立的方程組,計(jì)算出永磁體的位置,達(dá)到確定體內(nèi)微型裝置的空間位置坐標(biāo)的目的。 開發(fā)了基于霍傳感器陣列的體外磁跟蹤定位系統(tǒng),并進(jìn)行了系統(tǒng)優(yōu)化實(shí)驗(yàn)、系統(tǒng)性能實(shí)驗(yàn)以及模擬腸道平面實(shí)驗(yàn)。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明,該方法定位精度在毫米級,絕對誤差范圍控制在18mm以內(nèi),約95%以上的點(diǎn)誤差值在±15mm范圍內(nèi),完全滿足實(shí)際應(yīng)用需求。此系統(tǒng)能精確確定永磁體所在空間位置,具有非接觸測量、操作簡單、精度高等特點(diǎn),為有效觀測人體腸道內(nèi)的微型診療裝置提供了依據(jù)。但是如何將人體腸道中的微型裝置位置直觀有效的表達(dá)出來,仍需要進(jìn)一步的研究。
[Abstract]:In order to solve the problem of positioning of interventional diagnostic and therapeutic devices in vivo, this paper, supported by the National 863 Program (No.: 2006AA04Z368), took Shanghai Jiaotong University as a test for the pH and temperature of digestive tract. The non-invasive diagnosis and treatment system of human gastrointestinal tract developed by pressure and other physiological parameters is a technical background. The method of magnetic field detection in vitro based on Hall's principle is studied in depth, and a kind of principle is found to be feasible to meet the practical requirements. A convenient and reliable magnetic positioning method is used. Comparing with the existing localization methods, it is found that the magnetic location method based on Hall principle has the characteristics of non-contact, fast and simple application. Based on the analysis of the spatial magnetic field distribution of permanent magnets, a new external magnetic tracking and positioning technique based on permanent magnet magnetic field and Hall sensor array is proposed in this paper, and an external magnetic tracking and positioning system is designed. The working process of the system is as follows: first, a specific permanent magnet is placed as a magnetic source in a micro-diagnosis and treatment device for detecting human gastrointestinal tract; then, a sensor module array is made up of Hall linear sensors in the outside of the patient. After detecting the magnetic field information of the microdevice after entering the human body, the detection information is then processed by a control module composed of a single chip microcomputer, a programmable amplifier and a PGA / AD converter. Finally, the equations set up by the magnetic dipole model are solved by the master control computer. The position of permanent magnet is calculated to determine the space coordinate of the micro device. An in vitro magnetic tracking and positioning system based on Hall sensor array was developed, and the system optimization experiments, system performance experiments and simulated intestinal plane experiments were carried out. The experimental results show that the accuracy of the method is in millimeter order, the absolute error range is within 18mm, and the point error of about 95% is in the range of 鹵15mm, which fully meets the requirement of practical application. The system can accurately determine the space position of permanent magnet, has the characteristics of non-contact measurement, simple operation and high precision, which provides a basis for effective observation of the micro-diagnosis and treatment device in human intestinal tract. However, how to express the position of microdevices directly and effectively in human gut still needs further research.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：TH776

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